Chebyshev逼近滤波器在位场分离中的应用

在对经典FIR数字滤波器的设计方法进行研究的基础上,提出了一种可以用于位场分离的基于Chebyshev最佳一致逼近原理的FIR滤波器的设计方法。在理论模型实验中,采用基于Hanning窗的低通滤波器计算出的区域异常最大误差为6.266×10^-6 m/s² ,均方差为2.115×10^-6 m/s² ,最大百分比误差为22.2%,而且计算点在±9 km以外的误差均大于10.1%。而利用最佳一致逼近原理分离出的区域场和局部场与理论异常值拟合得较好,曲线基本重合。分离出的区域异常最大误差为3.101×10^-6 m/s² ,均方差为0.989×10^-6 m/s² ,最大百分比误差仅在边部的几个数据上,为7.76%,其余各点的误差均小于4.1%。实例检验中将该方法用于孙吴—嘉荫剖面布格重力异常场的分离,分离出的区域场中局部场残留少,分离彻底,效果较为理想。     

一个新的沉积变质型钛矿床的成矿模式及找矿方法

内蒙古羊蹄子山沉积变质型钛矿床是一个新的钛矿床类型。通过对地质、地球物理前提条件的研究和找矿方法试验,认为高精度磁法是找沉积变质型钛矿床的基本方法,重力为有效的找矿方法。在矿区北带磨石山以金红石为主的富钛矿体上有600 μGal的重力异常,无磁异常;南带的羊蹄子山钛铁矿体上重力异常为500 μGal,有60 nT的弱磁异常。     

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.     

Changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under the interaction between sunlight and phosphate in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary

We conducted ship-board incubation experiments to investigate changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under different phosphate concentrations and irradiances in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent waters in China. Under 100% natural irradiance the uptake rates of phosphate, silicate, and nitrate were accelerated at high phosphate levels （1.84 μM）, while under low irradiance （about 50% natural irradiance） their uptake rates were restrained at the high but stimulated greatly at the intermediate phosphate concentrations （1.26 μM）, as the growth of phytoplankton, changes in nitrite and ammonium uptake didn＇t follow an obvious pattern. Our results also showed that there were linear relationships between nitrate, silicate and phosphate uptake at different phosphate concentrations under low and high irradiances, and the growth period of phytoplankton was prolonged both at the high phosphate concentrations under high irradiance and at the intermediate concentrations under low irradiance, suggesting that the limitation of phytoplankton growth mainly reflected changes in its growth period, and because no such environment （low irradiance and low phosphate concentrations） actually existed in a high turbidity zone, phytoplankton blooms hardly occurred there. In the absence of irradiance, denitrification occurred readily and phytoplankton was kept decreasing, which resulted in phosphate regeneration.     

Late Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Paleomagnetic Chronology of the Zanda Basin, Tibet, and Records of the Uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The characteristics of Late Cenozoic tectonic uplift of the southern margin of the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau may be inferred from fluvio-lacustrine strata in the Zanda basin, Ngari, Tibet. Magnetostratigraphic study shows that the very thick fluvio-lacustrine strata in the basin are 5.89- 0.78 Ma old and that their deposition persisted for 5.11 Ma, i.e. starting at the end of the Miocene and ending at the end of the early Pleistocene, with the Quaternary glacial stage starting in the area no later than 1.58 Ma. Analysis of the sedimentary environment indicates that the Zanda basin on the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau began uplift at -5.89 Ma, later than the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Presence of gravel beds in the Guge and Qangze Formations reflects that strong uplift took place at -5.15 and -2.71 Ma, with the uplift peaking at -2.71 Ma.     

舒兰市福安堡钼矿床地质特征及找矿意义

本文较详细地介绍了福安堡中型斑岩钼矿床的地质特征、找矿标志及找矿方法,对在吉林地区北部舒兰—蛟河一带分布的印支—燕山期花岗岩区寻找大、中型斑岩型钼矿床具有重要的指导意义。     

长白山生态景观格局动态变化分析

长白山独特的地质和地理条件,形成了特有的自然景观,植被垂直带谱在亚洲具有代表性。通过1977年MSS、1985年TM及1999年TM三期遥感影像,结合实地调查建立解译标志,进行分类并计算景观指数,分析了长白山地区近30年来的景观结构变化。分析表明：从景观面积变化率来看,1977-1985年间,水体、苔原、居民点、针叶林和草地的面积减少,耕地和针阔混交林的面积增加显著,阔叶林、岳桦林、道路、裸地增加;1985-1999年间,水体、裸地、针阔混交林和阔叶林的面积减少,其他类型面积增加。景观格局变化表明,人为活动对景观格局产生的影响,已成为景观格局变化的主要驱动因子。     

石笋流体包裹体中的惰性气体及其在重建长江中游古温度变化中的作用

文中讨论了一种评估古气温变化的新方法。我们成功地利用石笋流体包裹体所捕获的Xe/Ar比值,重建了末次冰盛期以来盛行东亚季风的长江中游地区的气候演化。一种表达成ln(CXe/CAr)的对数式被证明与冷暖周期变化具有密切的关系。从研究的石笋中所提出的δ13C与Mg/Ca曲线一般随区域古气温波动而变化,但不能排除其中有另类气候信号的叠加。我们的工作则明确地指出,流体包裹体所记录的Xe/Ar在各种反映温度变化的替代指标中可能是最好的一种。整体而言,ln(CXe/CAr)曲线与那些基本随暖期和冷期振荡的曲线保持一致。将稀有气体曲线与δ13C和Mg/Ca信号整合对比之后,我们在研究区划分出末次冰盛期以来8组暖/冷旋回。整合后的气温变化模式合理地解释了过去20000年里的区域环境变化。     

箕状断陷湖盆缓坡带层序地层格架内成岩特征研究——以东营凹陷南部缓坡带沙河街组为例

东营凹陷在沙河街组沉积期为北陡南缓的箕状断陷湖盆。通过钻井岩心、测井、薄片及扫描电镜分析,在断陷湖盆的南缓坡带古近系沙河街组中识别出了冲积扇、河流、三角洲和湖？白沉积体系,以及滨浅湖砂坝和缓坡远端浊积扇沉积相。建立了东营凹陷南部缓坡带层序地层格架及层序演化模式。在此基础上,详细研究了层序地层格架内的成岩作用特征。层序地层格架内主要成岩作用类型有压实作用、压溶作用、溶解作用等,成岩阶段为早成岩A、B期,晚成岩A、B期。层序地层格架内发育了碳酸盐胶结、石英次生加大、高岭石胶结和泥岩压实四种成岩相。