Oxidative stress in two populations of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) with differing contaminant exposure histories

A population of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting a creosote-polluted inlet of the Elizabeth River demonstrates tolerance to the acute toxic effects exerted by contaminated sediments on reference site killifish. Previous data have suggested that upregulated antioxidant defenses contribute to short-term tolerance in killifish exposed to Elizabeth River sediments. This study investigated population differences in antioxidant defenses from wild caught Elizabeth River and reference population killifish in different seasons, and after being held in the laboratory. Parameters measured in the killifish were total glutathione concentrations (GSH(T)), activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipid peroxidation (LPO), all in adult hepatic tissues. The Elizabeth River population exhibited greater GSH(T), higher GPx activities, and increased LPO as compared to the reference population. Sex specific population differences were also observed in GSH(T) and GPx. Both populations displayed decreased GSH(T) and increased GR from early to late summer, as well as after being held in the laboratory. This study indicates that there are many factors that may contribute to differences in levels of antioxidant defenses in addition to exposure to contaminants, including reproductive status and environmental conditions.     

钦州湾水动力条件及悬沙分布变化特征

钦州湾内水动力因素主要是径流、潮流、余流和风浪。内湾以径流、潮流影响为主;外湾以潮流、风浪影响为主。而且随季节有很大的变化,一般来说夏季大于冬季。悬沙具有明显的季节变化,冬季悬沙浓度仅是夏季的十分之一;夏.冬季节悬沙平面分布形势相反,夏季以湾口、湾顶悬沙浓度较高,在0.05公斤/米~3以上。钦州湾悬沙输送方向与余流方向一致,终年向外输沙,夏季大于冬季。     

不同厚度冰层下的冰下火山喷发产物：两个来自南极的实例

不同厚度冰层下的冰下火山喷发产物：两个来自南极的实例Ｊ．Ｌ．Ｓｍｅｌｌｉｅ等本文着重介绍南极半岛两个保存最好的冰下层序（亚历山大岛的芒特皮纳佛和格雷厄姆地北部的布朗布拉夫）．通过对岩相和岩相组合的分析确定喷发时和喷发后作用过程，以及原始冰层的最小厚度...     

China's population: an alternative perspective

The author presents a selection of cartograms designed to illustrate aspects of the demography of China. Topics covered include population growth, density, regional variations in fertility, and age distribution. A discussion of the advantages of using cartograms (maps drawn proportional to a given variable) as opposed to conventional, area-based maps, is included.     

Far beyond the Gulf: the implications of warfare for Asian labour migration

The implications of the Gulf War are assessed for the countries in Asia that send labor migrants to the Middle East. "This paper seeks to examine the effects of...the loss of remittances (and related issues, including return migration), primarily in terms of the long-term implications of the War for the future of contract labour migration in the Asian region...."     

郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起北段的左旋走滑挤压变形及其~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年

郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起北段,自西向东分别出露北北东向的韧性滑脱变形带、脆-韧性过渡带和脆性的前陆褶断带。韧性滑脱变形带内的张八岭群片岩,广泛发生了低绿片相背景下的糜棱岩化。其中呈现为平缓的糜棱面理和近南北向的矿物拉伸线理。显微构造及石英C轴组构分析显示,该韧性滑脱带一致为上盘向南的运动。该带以东依次变为上盘向南南东→南东的逆冲活动,总体上为左旋走滑挤压变形带。张八岭群所在的韧性变形带为深部陡立走滑构造与浅部脆性构造之间的滑脱变形带,其间的差异走滑变形,造成了该滑脱层在总体向北运动中出现上盘向南的剪切变形。对6处张八岭群片岩中15个不同粒级白云母的40Ar/39Ar定年指示,变形发生在(236.2±0.5)~(238.0±0.4)Ma的中三叠世晚期。这表明郯庐断裂带的左行平移发生在华北与华南板块碰撞的深俯冲阶段,起源于陆内转换断层。     

济南张夏组灰岩岩溶地下水供水潜力探讨

济南南部广布巨厚张夏组灰岩,其中赋存优质丰富的岩溶地下水。出露众多泉水,其流量为800—8000m^3／d。该文通过简述济南地区张夏组灰岩岩溶地下水的赋存条件与水文地质特征,概略计算与评价其资源量,论证开发利用这一新水源的可行性,以期为济南供水与保泉开辟新途径。     

紫坪铺水电站泄洪洞围岩稳定性的FLAC3D分析

在高坝建设中.由施工期导流洞改建成的"龙抬头"形式永久泄洪洞是实际工程中一种常见形式.本文以紫坪埔为例,在岩体结构模型概化的基础上.采用FLAC3D"的数值分析方法t系统研究了紫坪铺水电站导流洞改造成泄洪洞,开挖完成后围岩的二次应力场、变形场和塑性破坏区的变化特征,与开挖过程中的监测资料进行对比分析.为洞室稳定性评价和工程施工设计提供了基础资料和参考依据.     

苗儿山矿田花岗岩型高品位铀矿成矿环境及控制条件

(1)透镜状菱形断块及其对花岗岩型高品位铀矿床的控制 走滑叠接带所形成的透镜状菱形断块是花岗岩型高品位铀矿床最普遍、最重要的成矿构造场地.矿床定位于菱形断块内,如苗儿山矿田由新宁一资源断裂的次一级控制断裂双瓜断裂、天金断裂、香草坪断裂、茶狮断裂、孟沙断裂呈向北撒开,由南收敛的走滑带状叠接,形成东西高角度对倾、具地堑式正断层组合的菱形断块,控制了沙子江、双滑江及孟公界等高品位铀矿床分布(图1).     

碳的地下封存

引言 减少温室气体排放量的需要 随着地球大气层中二氧化碳和其他温室气体浓度的不断上升,自然温室效应不断增强,这将导致全球气候变化。这些气候变化的特征、程度和时限是不可确定的,但一种主要的气候变化是可预测的,即全球平均气温上升。图1中的观测结果表明,由于外在因素的影响,例如火山尘和太阳辐射输出,全球平均气温逐渐增加且很有可能已超出气候自然变化的范围。