Pressure Prediction for High-Temperature and High-Pressure Formation and Its Application to Drilling in the Northern South China Sea

There are plentiful potential hydrocarbon resources in the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins in the northern South China Sea. However, the special petrol-geological condition with high formation temperature and pressure greatly blocked hydrocarbon exploration. The conventional means of drills, including methods in the prediction and monitoring of underground strata pressure, can no longer meet the requirements in this area. The China National Offshore Oil Corporation has allocated one well with a designed depth of 3200 m and pressure     

X线钡餐联合CT扫描在食道癌诊断中的应用

目的:分析X线钡餐与CT扫描在食道癌诊断中的影像学表现特点,以及两者的优势和不足,探讨两者的联合使用对食道癌的诊断价值,提高影像学技术对该病的诊断水平.方法:回顾分析56例经手术或病理证实的食道癌患者的影像学资料,所有病例均进行了X线钡餐及CT检查,影像学资料完整.结果:①分布部位:56例中,食管颈段8例,胸上段10例,胸中段23例,胸下段15例.②X线钡餐征象:早期表现为粘膜增粗、紊乱,蠕动减弱,以及小的允盈缺损和小龛影(13例);中晚期为粘膜破坏、管腔狭窄,管壁僵硬,以及较大的充盈缺损和恶性龛影(43例).③CT征象:直接征象为管壁不规则增厚(56例),腔内肿块(36例),管腔狭窄(51例)或闭塞(3例),狭窄以上扩张(43例);间接征象为肿瘤对临近结构的侵犯和转移,以及并发症征象.表现为食管周围脂肪线侵犯(43例),气管支气管侵犯(16例),主动脉侵犯(22例,其中3例可疑),心包侵犯(7例),淋巴结转移(8例),并发肺脓肿(1例).④与手术病理确诊对照:X线钡餐正确诊断率为83.8%,CT正确诊断率为95.3%,两者联合诊断正确率达100%.⑤CT分期:Ⅱ期13例,Ⅲ期36例,Ⅳ期7例.结论:X线钡餐与CT扫描各具其优劣.X线钡餐能观察食管的功能性改变,对病变部位长度及粘膜病变显示精准,CT扫描对肿块位置、大小、范围及周围组织器官受侵和淋巴结转移情况具优势,两者联合使用有利于全面观察食道癌的病变范围和程度,提高了对该病的影像学诊断准确率,对指导临床分期、制定治疗及手术方案、判定预后有积极作用.     

"罗田穹隆"中的下地壳俯冲成因榴辉岩及其地质意义

在“罗田穹隆”中发现了下地壳俯冲成因榴辉岩．榴辉岩呈透镜状或板状产于含石榴子石条带状片麻岩中．新鲜的榴辉岩主要由石榴子石、绿辉石、金红石等组成．含少量退变质的角闪石、斜长石、紫苏辉石、透辉石、(钛)磁铁矿和石英等．研究区榴辉岩以保留早期麻粒岩相变质矿物残留体以及经受晚期麻粒岩相和角闪岩相退变为特征．指示它们由扬子镁铁质下地壳麻粒岩相岩石俯冲到深部发生变质并形成榴辉岩．然后折返至下地壳发生麻粒岩相退变，由于麻粒岩相退变质阶段仅以后成合晶形式出现．因而它们可能在下地壳停留时间不长．就又进一步被构造抬升至中上地壳而发生角闪岩相退变．大别山造山带乃至扬子板块北缘现今缺乏厚层镁铁质下地壳．它们也很少出露地表．推测这些俯冲的镁铁质下地壳可能已拆离再循环进人地幔．从而为“罗田穹隆”的形成和演化以及大别山高压-超高压岩石的形成与折返机制等研究提供了关键性的岩石学证据。     

三峡水库地震孕震机理与未来地震趋势初探

以三峡库区区域地质构造、活动断裂及库区水文地质特点为基础,借鉴老一辈地震工作者对三峡地区地震地质活动的勘察与科研成果,阐述了蓄水后岩石的库水与地质相互作用对该区水文地质及构造的影响,浅释了三峡库区水库地震孕震机理;用三峡遥测台网及宜昌台定点地壳形变手段在蓄水前后的监测资料,对三峡宜昌库区水库诱发地震作了初步探讨及趋势分析。研究显示,库区地震活动的时空强频随着库区水体的变化而增强,并与活动断层空间分布呈一致性,具备水库地震的明显特征。预测认为:未来三峡宜昌库区的巴东-黔江与高桥断裂带、仙女山、九湾溪及天阳坪断裂交汇带,是诱发ML4.0～4.5水库地震的危险区。     

海南岛东部黄竹岭地区变质火山岩锆石U-Pb同位素年龄及其地质意义

海南岛东部黄竹岭地区出露一套中浅变质岩系,其中夹变质火山岩。变质火山岩中存在2组不同成因的锆石,获颗粒锆石U-Pb一致曲线上交点年龄为527Ma±48Ma,可解释为火山岩生成年龄的下限,下交点年龄为230Ma±13Ma,为岩石后期经受变质热事件的年龄。据上述颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄,结合区域地质背景分析,认为变质火山岩的形成年龄介于498.9～(527±48)Ma之间,该套地层形成时代为早古生代。     

西藏日土南部阿依拉杂岩体的地球化学年代学特征及其构造意义

冈底斯岩基西段的阿依拉杂岩体含有大量的镁铁质包体,在125万区域地质填图的基础上,系统开展了该杂岩体内的包体和寄主岩石的岩石学、主量元素、微量元素地球化学、锆石年代学的研究工作.确定阿依拉杂岩体的包体具火成结构,包体与寄主岩石存在地球化学差异,但同时二者主量元素、微量元素在比值-比值协变图中呈双曲线或直线变异关系,在共分母比值-比值成分变异图中则呈直线变异特点,包体εNd(t)值在1.6～4.4之间,寄主花岗岩εNd(t)值为-10.2～-1.1,反映了壳幔混源的特征.锆石测年获得眼球状花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄为69.8Ma±0.3Ma,根据杂岩体内强烈的塑性构造变形和杂岩体主要岩性在R1-R2图解、微量元素洋脊花岗岩标准化图解上的判别结果,确定该杂岩体属同碰撞花岗岩,69.8Ma±0.3Ma代表了青藏高原西构造结一带印度大陆和欧亚大陆最初碰撞的时间,与两大陆碰撞有关的底侵作用是青藏高原地壳生长和岩石圈结构改变的重要因素之一.     

Paleofire Indicated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil of Jinluojia Archaeological Site,Hubei,China

Combustion-derived and land-plant-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been investigated by using the GC-MS analysis in an ancient soil profile from Jinluojia (金罗家) archaeological site at Macheng (麻城),Hubei (湖北) Province,Central China.Retene,cadalene and simonellite were proposed to be derived from contemporary land plants.The pyrolytic PAHs identified include fluoranthene,pyrene,benzofluoranthenes,benzo[e]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene.The distribution of these pyrolytic PAHs varies with depth,d...     

~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb Zircon Dating of the Huangtuling Hypersthene-Garnet-Biotite Gneiss from the Dabie Mountains, Luotian County, Hubei Province, China: New Evidence for Early Precambrian Evolution

The Huangtuling hypersthene-garnet-biotite gneiss at Luotian County, Hubei Provine, is a typicalgranulite-facies rock of the Dabie Group Complex in the Dabie orogenic belt. Investigations on the morphology andoccurrence of zircons and their internal structures shown in the thin sections lead to the recognition of three types ofzircons, which are in good agreement with the types identified on the basis of morphology, colour and external fea-tures from the related zircon concentrates. The observation of zircons in the rock reveals that part of type 1 zirconsshow signs of a double-layered structure. The interval part existed in the protolith prior to the granulite-facies meta-morphism. Type 2, the prismatic zircons which mainly occur in garnet and hypersthene are metamorphic minerals ofthe granulite-facies metamorphism. Type 3, the round multifaceted zircons in felsic minerals and biotite, are proba-bly attributed to a later geological event related to migmatization. The ~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb zircon dating by direct evaporationon (thermal evaporation ion mass spectrometer) yields ages ranging from 2814 Ma to 1992 Ma. The age discrepancyamong these different zircon types is conspicuous. The yellow-brown(type 1) zircons give ages of 2814±29 Ma to2527±6 Ma, the prismatic euhedral zircons (type 2), 2456±7 Ma to 2254±4 Ma, and the round multifaceted zircons(type 3), 1992±10 Ma. The results are geologically interpreted in consideration of the complicated behaviours of zir-cons during Precambrian geological evolution of the Dabie area. (1) If the protolith of the gneiss is a sedimentaryrock, then type 1 zircons are clastic ones and the ages 2814±29 Ma and 2811±27 Ma may reflect the minimum age ofthe rocks of its source region. also the first geological event in the area. Sedimentation of the protolith occurred be-tween 2814 Ma and 2527 Ma, probably close to 2814 Ma. If the protolith is a volcanic rock, then the formation age ofthe supracrustal rocks of the Dabie Group Complex is around 2814 Ma. The age 2456±7 Ma reflects the time whenthe granulite-facies metamorphism took place. The later migmatization event is dated at aboat 1992±10 Ma, and isprobably the latest early Precambrian event in the area. The present work provides geochronological evidence for the existence of the Dabie Archaean craton, whichhad probably experienced 3 or 4 geological events during its early Precambrian evolution.