在服务国土资源管理改革创新中释放信息化正能量

以党中央关于信息化工作的战略部署为统领,研判新一代信息技术对信息化建设与应用服务模式带来的革新,综合分析信息化对于服务保障国土资源管理已取得的显著成效,以及今后行政体制改革方向和生态文明建设新要求,预示着在国土资源管理改革创新中还蕴涵着巨大的信息化红利,基于"一张图"和"三大平台"在可预见的将来仍不会过时的基本判断,并将其作为逻辑起点,以国土资源管理改革创新业务目标为导向、以构建"智慧国土"为愿景、以新一代信息技术与国土资源管理业务深度融合为措施,提出全面升级国土资源信息化体系的基本思路和途径。     

Measurement of similarity for spatial directions between areal objects

Similarity for spatial directions plays an important role in GIS. In this paper, the conventional approaches are analyzed. Based on raster data areal objects, the authors propose two new methods for measuring similarity among spatial directions. One is to measure the similarity among spatial directions based on the features of raster data and the changes of distances between spatial objects, the other is to measure the similarity among spatial directions according to the variation of each raster cell centroid angle. The two methods overcome the complexity of measuring similarity among spatial directions with direction matrix model and solve the limitation of small changes in direction. The two methods are simple and have broader applicability.     

Integrated data processing method for GPS and INS field test over Rocky Mountain

The method of integrated data processing for GPS and INS(inertial navigation system) field test over the Rocky Mountains using the adaptive Kalman filtering technique is presented. On the basis of the known GPS outputs and the offset of GPS and INS, state equations and observations are designed to perform the calculation and improve the navigation accuracy. An example shows that with the method the reliable navigation parameters have been obtained.     

Accuracy analysis for SST gravity field model in China

Taking China as the region for test the potential of the new satellite gravity technique, satelliteto-satellite tracking for improving the accuracy of regional gravity field model is studied. With WDM94 as reference, the gravity anomaly residuals of three models, the latest two GRACE global gravity field model (EIGEN_GRACE02S, GGM02S) and EGM96, are computed and compared. The causes for the differences among the residuals of the three models are discussed. The comparison between the residuals shows that in the selected region, EIGEN_GRACE02S or GGM02S is better than EGM96 in lower degree part (less than 110 degree). Additionally, through the analysis of the model gravity anomaly residuals, it is found that some systematic errors with periodical properties exist in the higher degree part of EIGEN and GGM models, the results can also be taken as references in the validation of the SST gravity data.     

警用地理信息平台中三维全景系统建设研究

针对当前警用地理信息平台中空间信息表达直观性欠缺的缺憾,提出了三维全景系统的解决方案。结合警用地理信息平台建设的要求,简述了三维全景技术的原理,详细介绍了在PGIS平台中三维全景系统的系统构架、数据体系、系统功能等,并探讨了系统实现的关键技术。通过实际应用,验证了系统建设的合理性和可操作性,为各地公安三维全景系统的建设提供了较好的参考和借鉴。     

GIS地图数据库的研究与实现

将地形图和地质图等进行处理和数字化,然后在GIS平台Arc GIS中建立空间数据库,采用Oracle作为后台数据库,使用空间数据引擎Arc SDE来管理Arc GIS对数据的访问,实现显示、查询、管理和下载等功能。     

基于室内光谱测量的玉米单叶偏振与二向性反射关系研究

本研究利用多角度光度计实测了玉米单叶的偏振反射比与二向反射比数据。该光度计能够在不同的观测天顶角、入射天顶角和方位角下测量目标物的偏振反射和二向反射,获得地物目标在2π空间的多角度观测数据。通过分析实测的偏振反射和二向反射数据,得出了玉米单叶的偏振反射与二向反射之间关系密切,最大与最小偏振反射比之和的平均数约等于同等观测条件下玉米叶片的二向反射比。该研究成果为植被遥感监测做出了一种新的尝试,并且对偏振光遥感、多角度遥感的深入研究与应用提供了依据。     

地理空间情报技术与应用

地理空间情报是最近几年出现的一个新概念，比起一般的地理空间信息有更好的实时性，更高的精确性，更强的描述性和指导性。本文介绍了地理空间情报的概念，阐述了地理空间情报的技术基础，关键技术及发展趋势，分析了地理空间情报的应用现状。     

Transmission and visualization of large geographical maps

Transmission and visualization of large geographical maps have become a challenging research issue in GIS applications. This paper presents an efficient and robust way to simplify large geographical maps using frame buffers and Voronoi diagrams. The topological relationships are kept during the simplification by removing the Voronoi diagram’s self-overlapped regions. With the simplified vector maps, we establish different levels of detail (LOD) models of these maps. Then we introduce a client/server architecture which integrates our out-of-core algorithm, progressive transmission and rendering scheme based on computer graphics hardware. The architecture allows the viewers to view different regions interactively at different LODs on the network. Experimental results show that our proposed scheme provides an effective way for powerful transmission and manipulation of large maps.     

基于B/S结构的小城镇管网数据库的建立和维护

针对我国小城镇地下管网管理的现状,提出建立基于B/S结构的小城镇地下管网数据库的必要性,并详细叙述本数据库具有的功能和优点、建立的技术路线、开发平台以及最终的实现成果,对小城镇地下管网的科学管理具有一定借鉴意义。