大兴安岭中段东南部糜棱岩化花岗岩的Rb─Sr年龄

东北大兴安岭东南处扎兰屯地区东南部分布着糜棱岩化花岗岩,1∶20万地质图依据其产状及岩石特征将此类变形花岗质岩石划分为混合变质岩系,视为额尔古纳-兴安地块早元古代形成的结晶基底。该区糜棱岩化花岗岩带位于大兴安岭与松辽盆地的过渡带上,呈小面积不连续带状出露。研究表明,该区牦牛沟岩体眼球状糜棱岩化花岗岩的钾长石-全岩Rb─Sr等时线年龄为(173±3.45)Ma,锶初始值为0.733 0±0.000 61,明显高于区域中侏罗世花岗岩的锶初始值(0.705~0.710),糜棱岩化花岗岩的原始结晶年龄可能为古生代。根据野外地质观察和定向标本显微观测,牦牛沟北东向韧性构造变形带具左行走滑性质,该期左行走滑变形时代的确定对大兴安岭地区中生代区域构造演化具有重要意义。     

测井数据滑动窗关联维计算和沉积学分析

应用滑动窗关联维计算方法对鲁北济阳坳陷某钻井剖面石炭系—二叠系陆表海沉积层段GR测井响应数据进行了分形维数计算,结果表明海侵体系域关联维数一般较小,且维数曲线振荡变化较弱,而高水位体系域则相反。这与海侵体系域形成时海平面上升的主控因素压制或掩盖了其他因素的显现有关,同时也证明测井序列分形分析能从另一个新的视角观察识别测井序列中所包含的地质信息。随着分形方法应用研究的不断开展,必将从测井数据中挖掘出更多的有用信息,指导油气等资源勘探与开发,丰富及完善测井地质学理论。相信将来分形会成为地质数据分析的标准工具。     

油气二次运移研究进展述评

油气运移,尤其油气的二次运移是石油地质学研究的重要内容,同时也是一个薄弱环节。20世纪90年代以来,油气二次运移研究所取得的主要进展是:①对油气二次运移机理的认识有了很大提高;②油气二次运聚模拟实验设计更加科学,实验结果更为可信;③油气二次运聚数值模拟水平有了长足进步。深入的综合研究和油气运移聚集的三维可视化模拟是今后的研究方向。     

钦防海西-印支海槽西界断裂新探

本文主要根据二维地震剖面并结合野外露头的分析认为,十万大山盆地东南缘的基底断裂是钦防海槽向北西冲断-推覆的前锋断层,断裂两侧的中、古生界在地层层位与厚度上存在明显差异。钦防海西-印支海槽的西界不应是灵山断裂,而应是十万大山盆地东南缘的基底断裂,其范围远大于现今博(白)—罗(定)—广(宁)断裂与灵山断裂之间的范围。基底断裂为一无根的推覆构造带,其下掩覆了十万大山盆地东南缘的许多区域,是下一步油气勘探的重要领域。     

塔河地区加里东中期古岩溶作用及分布模式

地震资料解释、地层古生物、钻井地质及地球化学等方面的证据证实塔北地区存在加里东期运动及该期岩溶作用。本文探讨了原岩性质、断裂裂缝发育程度、古地貌形态、古气候等岩溶发育的控制因素,从岩石学、锶同位素、包裹体特征等方面建立了识别加里东期大气水作用的标志,指出早期断裂及伴生裂缝发育程度是加里东中期岩溶作用的主控因素,总结了该期岩溶具有以下特征:①层控性:岩溶发育具有发育面积广,深度浅,在不整合面以下0～35m发育;②断控性:较大溶洞发育在断裂附近;③有效储层具较强非均质性。由此预测该储层发育区位于古风化壳剥蚀区和加里东期断裂发育区的叠合部位,主要位于阿克库勒凸起的轴部倾没端和塔河西南部、东南部的北东向、近南北向断裂发育区。该期岩溶的存在与发现,对塔河油田南部的油气勘探具有重要意义。     

Organic Carbon Isotopic Evolution during the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition Interval in Eastern Guizhou, South China： Paleoenvironmental and Stratigraphic Implications

Secular variations of carbon isotopic composition of organic carbon can be used in the study of global environmental variation, the carbon cycle, stratigraphic delimitation, and biological evolution, etc. Organic carbon isotopic analysis of the Nangao and Zhalagou sections in eastern Guizhou reveals a negative excursion near the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary that correlates with a distinct carbonate carbon isotopic negative excursion at this boundary globally. Our results also demonstrate that several alternating positive and negative shifts occur in the Meishucunian, and an obvious negative anomaly appears at the boundary between the Meishucunian and Qiongzhusian. The isotope values are stable in the middle and lower parts but became more positive in the upper part of the Qiongzhusian. Evolution of organic carbon isotopes from the two sections in the deepwater facies can be well correlated with that of the carbonate carbon isotopes from the section in the shallow water facies. Integrated with other stratigraphic tools, we can precisely establish a lower Cambrian stratigraphic framework from shallow shelf to deep basin of the Yangtze Platform.     

Chronology and Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks in the Cretaceous Suifenhe Formation in Eastern Heilongjiang, China

Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data of volcanic rocks in the Suifenhe Formation in eastern Heilongjiang Province are reported, and their petrogenesis is discussed in this paper. The Suifenhe Formation mainly consists of basalt, andesite, and dacite. Zircon from andesite and dacite are euhedral in shape and show typical oscillatory zoning with high Th/U ratios (0.18-0.57), implying its magmatic origin. Zircon U-Pb dating results by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) indicate that the 206Pb/238U ages of zircons from andesite range within 105-106 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 105.5±0.8 Ma (n=14), and that 206Pb/238U ages of zircons from dacite are between 90-96 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 93.2±1.3 Ma (n =13). The volcanic rocks from the Suifenhe Formation are subalkaline series and show a calc-alkaline evolutionary trend with SiO2 content of 47.69%-65.47%, MgO contents of 1.42%-6.80% (Mg#= 45-53), and Na2O/K2O ratios of 1.83-3.63. They are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light-rare-earth elements (LREE), depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high field strength elements (HFSE) (e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti), and low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7041-0.7057) and positiveεNd(t) values (039-4.08), implying that they could be derived from a depleted magma source. Taken together, these results suggest that the primary magma of the volcanic rocks might originate from partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab under a tectonic setting of active continental margin.     

Mesoproterozoic Earthquake Events and Breakup of the Sino-Korean Plate

In the Mesoproterozoic time, the northern part of the Sino-Korean Plate experienced a period of intensive tectonic extension and breakup. 1. An abundance of sedimentary earthquake records is preserved in the Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Gaoyuzhuang formations in the Mesoproterozoic Changcheng System （1800-1400 Ma） and in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation of the Jixian System （1400-1000 Ma）. These earthquake records are characterized by various liquefied sand-veins, carbonate microspar and coarser spar veins, limestone dikes, liquefied breccia and various forms of liquefied contorted bedding. This deformation is always associated with synsedimentary faults and igneous activity. 2. Three liquefaction models for soft carbonate sediments are recognized, including liquefaction in laminated carbonate rocks, liquefaction in thin-bedded carbonates and large-scale liquefaction along huge carbonate dikes. 3. Based on the record of earthquake and volcanic activities, the Sino-Korean Plate experienced at least twice intraplate breakups. One occurred between 1800-1400 Ma, and the other occurred at about 1200 Ma. The last breakup resulted in formation of the Yan-Liao aulacogen, a tectonic zone characterized by deeper material vibrancy, active faults, major igneous activity and frequent earthquakes.     

Organic Material and Trace Elements of Bituminous Rocks in the Ozank(?)y Field,Ankara,Turkey

Bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field are different from those of the Paleocene- Eocene Mengen and Güineytepe(Bolu) regions in metal enrichment levels.Organic carbon(C_(org)) content of organic material-rich rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field is 3.66-40.72% wt averaging 14.34%.The dominant organic materials are algae/amorphous accompanied by minor amount of herbaceous material(The dominant kerogen type is Type-Ⅰwith a limited amount of Type-Ⅱkerogen.). The bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y field are enriched in heavy metals such as Ni,Mn,As and Cr.In comparison with the average enrichment values of elements,Ni,Mn,As and Cr in bituminous shales of the Ozank(?)y field are as about 4.38,14.93,10.90 and 5.58 times as average values.The average concentrations of these heavy metals are also as high as 215×10~(-6),828×10~(-6),58.54×10~(-6),and 148×10~(-6) respectively.In addition,sorption properties of clay and organic materials are also important for metal enrichments in the bituminous shales.     

成都经济区农业生态系统土壤镉通量研究

以四川成都经济区农业生态系统中的重金属Cd为对象,对其在土壤中的输入输出通量进行初步探索。综合各方面的因素,确定以大气干湿沉降、灌溉水、化肥为输入途径和农作物为输出途径进行研究。经过计算,经济区大气干湿沉降通量平均值为17.76g/hm2·a,灌溉水和化肥通量明显较低,三者对土壤Cd污染的贡献率分别为86%、10%和4%。对于6个不同的地区,三者比例略有差别,大气干湿沉降所占比例最高达94%,最低也达到了77%。Cd通过农作物收割输出的量相对较小。土壤Cd年净增量主要受大气干湿沉降的制约,因此大气环境质量应是重点监控的对象。以耕作土体为研究介质,经估算,当前的Cd年平均通量可引起土壤Cd的质量分数升高0.006mg/kg。