渤海湾盆地东营凹陷S6′界面的构造变革意义

以三维地震剖面的解释为基础,在东营凹陷古近纪裂陷期充填序列中识别出了一条在全盆地范围内可以追索对比的区域性不整合界面S6′,该界面构成了盆地沙三段的底界.盆地充填地层的厚度和构造应力场分析揭示,S6′界面将盆地古近纪同裂陷期的演化划分为2个不同构造应力场控制的裂陷幕,即裂陷Ⅰ-Ⅱ幕和裂陷Ⅲ-Ⅳ幕.前者受控于近南北向的拉伸应力场,形成了分别由NWW向的陈南断裂和石村断裂带控制的半地堑式断陷盆地;后者受控于NW-SE向的拉伸应力场,形成了由NE向的断裂系统控制的半地堑式断陷盆地.S6′界面的发育是区域性的,在渤海湾盆地和中国东部的许多盆地中均可追索,其发育的时代为中始新世晚期(43.5 Ma),并且与印度洋板块和太平洋板块新生代期间的一次重大的运动学调整的时间一致,因此,S6′界面的识别有可能为中国东部新生代盆地形成演化的动力学背景的研究提供新的信息.     

岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露史的数字模拟

通过对岩浆冷却过程的数字模拟研究,揭示出岩浆在冷却成矿过程中的温度分布和变化规律及影响因素．在此基础上,进一步应用高精度的温龄计组合来限定岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露历史,精确地计算出岩浆的初始侵位时间和深度、矿物结晶时间、冷却速率、冷却和暴露地表时间,以及剥露和剥蚀速率等重要参数,并将模拟结果应用于斑岩铜矿床的成矿研究中．研究表明,将精确的年龄测试手段与计算机模拟技术相结合,可为定量研究岩浆矿床的热演化和剥露史、深入了解矿床的成因机制提供一种有效方法．     

塔里木盆地库车坳陷白垩纪层序地层格架及古地理演化

白垩纪的库车坳陷是一个干旱气候条件下的内陆坳陷,其中只发育下白垩统,为一套干旱红层地层,进一步划分为亚格列木组、舒善河组、巴西盖组和巴什基奇克组。该套干旱红层,包括洪积扇砾岩、间歇性河流砂砾岩、风成砂岩和沙漠湖紫红色泥岩等沉积。这些沉积在地层记录中常以一种特别的旋回性形式产出,在不整合面及其相关面之上首先沉积的是洪积扇砾岩和间歇性河流砂砾岩所构成的冲积沉积物,向上逐渐演变为沙漠湖红色泥岩,在成湖初期或湖退期发育了滨湖相风成砂岩,它们构成了一个较为典型的沙漠沉积体系。从冲积沉积到湖泊沉积构成总体向上变细的沉积相序组合。按照地层记录的旋回性进行三级沉积层序划分,将库车坳陷下白垩统划分为5个三级沉积层序即SQ1至SQ5。下白垩统的顶和底界面均为间断时间很长的区域不整合面,由它们所限定的下白垩统本身则构成一个二级构造层序,在二级构造层序内三级沉积层序常常形成有规律的叠加形式,下部的SQ1和上部的SQ5发育较多的冲积粗碎屑物,中部SQ2至SQ4则以湖泊相沉积为主。与海相地层不同,库车坳陷白垩系中由三级层序和二级层序所代表的地层记录中的中周期和长周期旋回的主要控制因素是幕式构造沉降,沉降初期由于地形高差大而以发育冲积粗碎屑物为主,均衡沉降期则与成湖期相对应从而发育较多的细粒沙漠湖沉积。以沉积物的时间演化序列和沉积相的空间展布形式所代表的规律性入手,建立库车坳陷下白垩统的层序地层格架,在层序地层框架内,系列层序地层格架栅状图和相应的古地理图较为清晰地反映出早白垩世库车坳陷的古地理面貌,以及相应的沉积岩相古地理演变过程。     

Calculation of the Model of Coesite Inclusions and Analysis of Their Retrometamorphic Paths

The process and path of retrometamorphism of coesite have great significance to our understanding of the P-T tracks of the exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks. Most of the coesites in the eclogite from Shima, Anhui Province, the Dabie Mountains, China, are found degraded to quartz partly or wholly, with ruptures occurring in the shells, outside which include the coesite and quartz. According to the microscopic observation, the sample of coesite inclusion is composed of garnet, quartz and coesite, based on which we have built a three-shelled composite sphere model to compute the transition of coesite. Based on the crystal growth formulas and pressure conditions of the ruptures in the garnet, we have calculated the radius of the quartz sphere, which depends on temperature, and eventually drawn the different retrometamorphic paths for different retrometamorphism rates.     

Genesis of the Xinqiao Gold-Sulfide Orefield, Anhui Province, China

The Xinqiao S-Fe-Cu-Au orefield is located in the Tongling ore cluster in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in East China. There have been many researches regarding the genesis of the Xinqiao orefield in recent years, showing that it belongs to various types, such as sedimentary-reformed type, stratabound-skarn type, sedimentary submarine rocks-hosted exhalative type. We propose that it was formed in two periods of mineralization base on systematic field observation and Pb and S isotopic analyses in nearly ten years. The first period was formed during a syngenetic sedimentary process, whereas the massive sulphide orebodies are mainly related to the Yanshanian granitic magmatism. Sulfide metallic mineral associations show zoning around a granite intrusion, i.e. magnetite and pyrite→pyrite, chalcopyrite and native gold→pyrite, sphalerite and galena. Gold orebodies occur outside the contact zone of the granite intrusion.     

Geochemistry of Ore Fluids and Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating for the Wulong Gold Deposit in Liaoning, China

On the basis of detailed geological studies of the Wulong gold deposit, three metallogenic stages can be identified. With quartz fluid inclusions as an object of study, the authors investigated phase characteristics, compositional variations, temperature and pressure changes, fluid evolution, Pb isotope tracing and Rb-Sr isotopic dating of fluid inclusions entrapped in the above three metallogenic stages. The results show that Na+ is decreased obviously with metallogenic evolution, while K+ and other cations and gas compositions (H2, CO, CH4 and CO2) are increased slightly, and that the temperature and salinity vary in a pulsating manner along with the metallogenic evolution. Inverse calculation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes indicate that at the first metallogenic stage the fluids were magmatic water, at the second stage they were dominated by magmatic water with a minor amount of meteoric water involved, and at the third stage, i.e., the final stage of metallogenesis, the fluids were composed complete     

当代生物多样性剧减与古-中生代之交生物绝灭的对比

18世纪以来人类活动对环境造成了强烈破坏,给生物多样性带来了巨大损失.为了了解生物多样性的变化趋势,利用"绝灭物种统计法"、"种-区曲线法"和化石记录对400年以来的生物多样性和古-中生代之交的生物绝灭进行了分析.当代生物多样性剧减表现为物种的快速绝灭(从8×104种/Ma增大到1.2×106种/Ma),而属的绝灭几乎为0;古-中生代之交生物绝灭的初始阶段也表现为物种的快速绝灭(从40种/Ma增大到150种/Ma),并且这个阶段的属的绝灭速率远低于绝灭高峰阶段的相应值(即66属/Ma远小于465属/Ma),可见当代生物多样性剧减相当于二叠-三叠系之交生物绝灭的初始阶段.     

Dynamic Analysis of Deformational Structures of the Xianniishan Fault Zone in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River

Field investigation and laboratory work reveal that inhomogeneity of the deformation of the Xiannushan fault is mainly characterized by lateral zonation, longitudinal segmentation and downward stratification. Based on these results, a 3-D deformational structure model of the fault was established and its geometrical and kinematic characteristics in two main deformational stages i.e. the main Yanshanian and Himalayan were discussed. The directions of principal and the differential stresses in these two stages were determined by using conjugate joints, striations of fault planes and microstructures of the fault zone. The direction of σI is N-S in direction with differential stresses of 150-250 MPa in the Yanshanian, and N70E with a differential stress ranging from 80-120 MPa in the Himalayan.     

累托石制备润滑脂的初步研究

累托石是一种具有独特的结构组成和性质的粘土矿物,其既具有象蒙脱石一样的阳离子交换性,吸水膨胀性,制浆性等,又具有象云母一样的耐高温性和光滑性等性能。经提纯和有机改性后的累托石吸油速度快,膨胀率高,是一种较好的稠化剂,用它制备的润滑脂滴点〉６３３．１５Ｋ,远高于膨润土润滑脂的指标要求,研究表明,累托石是制备润肖脂稠化剂的好原料,累托石润滑脂是一种新型高温润滑脂。     

PTtD Path and Fluid Evolution of HighPressure Eclogites from the Dabie Mountains,Central East China

１．Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ＴｈｅＱｉｎｌｉｎｇＤａｂｉｅｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔｗａｓｆｏｒｍｅｄｂｙｃｏｌｌｉｓｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａａｎｄＹａｎｇｔｚｅｂｌｏｃｋｓ．Ｔｈｅｃｏｒｅｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆｓｅｖｅｒａｌｍｅｔａｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｒｏｃｋｇｒｏｕｐｓ,ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｔｈｅＤａｂｉｅ（Ｔｏｎｇｂａｉ）ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ,Ｈｏｎｇ’ａｎ（Ｓｕｓｏｎｇ）ｇｒｏｕｐ,ＳｕｊｉａｈｅｇｒｏｕｐａｎｄＳｕｉｘｉａｎ（Ｙａｏ…