中国大陆东部及海域地壳-上地幔结构研究c

中国大陆东部及海域（98～150Ｅ，5～50Ｎ）位于欧亚大陆和太平洋两大板块的衔接地带，且深受来自印度洋板块活动的影响．本文利用该区域内的35个数字地震台记录的面波资料，采取多重滤波技术等时频分析方法，求得了1252条路径上基阶瑞利波的频散曲线，然后将研究区域划分为１１的网格，通过Occam反演方法求得了10～158ｓ周期范围内基阶瑞利波群速度在研究区域内的分布．这些速度分布大致反映了不同深度范围介质Ｓ波速度的横向变化情况．利用求得的纯路径频散，进一步反演得到了青藏高原东部——太平洋、南海——蒙古两个剖面的Ｓ波速度随深度的变化，发现研究区内的横向不均匀性直到400ｋｍ仍很明显，各构造单元的划分与速度结构有明显的关系．      

时间域相邻道地震波衰减成像研究

在时间域中,利用地震记录中的振幅与上升时间信息可以计算出岩石介质的品质因子Q值.由于震源能量难以测量,本文通过共炮点道集相邻道循环对比的方法,消除了震源对计算过程的影响,推导出时间域相邻道振幅与上升时间衰减成像的计算公式,并在振幅衰减成像的计算过程中,去除了非粘滞性衰减成分.为了更全面地综合利用波形信息,并充分利用各种方法的长处,将波速成像、振幅衰减成像、上升时间衰减成像集成到一个处理流程中,通过在岩体结构研究中的实际应用,证明这种综合方法具有灵活、实用、可靠的特点.     

辽河盆地右行走滑构造运动新证据——基于岩样显微扫描电镜实验结果

依据7块岩样显微扫描电镜实验结果,报道辽河盆地早第三系东营期右行走滑构造运动的重要地质证据.认为辽河盆地早第三系东营期发生过右行走滑构造运动,裂谷后的右行走滑构造运动导致早期拉张断层系可以重新运动,并形成新的断层系.研究成果表明,右行走滑构造运动是辽河盆地复杂构造演化史中的主要地质事件之一,有效地控制了盆地中的断裂体系的格局.早第三系东营期右行走滑构造运动,影响和控制了盆地中油气的运移和聚集.     

地磁观测数据处理和方法研究的程序研制

依据地磁台观测数据和地磁研究的方法,在 VAX-11/750计算机上应用 FORTRAN 语言,编制了14个用于数据处理和地磁方法研究的程序,共计4800条 FORTRAN 语句行.处理了100多个台15个月的观测资料,总计26万个数据。为地震预报和地震科研工作提供了可靠的数据,为管理部门考核台站的观测质量提供了定量依据。     

大同—阳高震群多波分析及震群特征：—CDSN应用系列论文五

本文应用多波震相分析法,对1989年10月18日大同震群进行研究。使用模拟和数字台网资料,对主、余震群进行了多波分析处理。初步探讨了主震群的震源机制解及其与地质构造的关系;用sPn、P_M、S_M 等震相较准确的测定了震源深度及震群深度变化范围;通过震相、波形和振幅比的综合分析,清晰的显示大同-阳高震群具有两种震源类型特征,其中用(M)界面反射波 P_M、S_M 的振幅比,做出的大同-阳高地震序列时空域图象更为明显。本文初步研究表明,多波震相分析法,对较准确的测定主余震群的震源深度,推测震源延伸的走向,初步判断震源机制的变化及有可能为单台开展监测预报探索到一种新的途径。     

地震数据存储交换中的压缩技术

通过对全球地震专家系统所使用的地震数据传输过程的解析，介绍一种行之有效的数字地震数据压缩编码及使用的原理和方法。     

Identification of Strong Earthquake Sites in Hebei Region by Making Use of Cluster Method

The Cluster and Hamming methods are used in this paper for a comprehensive study on geology,geomorphology,geophysical field,crustal deformation,active faults,regional stress axes and their relation in Hebei region.Fourteen potential seismic zones in which shocks with M≥6 may happen have been identified.Shocks with M≥6 have occurred in seven of them,and the others have been considered as a future strong earthquake areas.Both the K value and testing of deleting nodes show the stability of results obtained in this paper.The potential seismic zones identified in the paper fall into the areas of marked risk areas within 10 years in North China,but the scale of the identified zones is smaller.The Datong-Yanggao earthquake with M-6.1 occurred in October 1989 precisely in the 14th potential seismic zone mentioned above.     

Substructure Method of Three-Dimensional Semi-Analytic Boundary Element and Its Application to Seismic Scattering of Hill Topography

In this paper,a substructure method of three-dimensional semi-analytic boundary element is established.The seismic scattering by three-dimensional topography of a hill can be analyzed by the method in frequency domain.Using this method,the computational effort and storage space are reduced considerably.Finally,analytic results are given.     

具有孔边裂纹的岩石厚壁筒试件的破裂特征

用五种应力途径对由五种岩石制备的孔边有予裂纹的厚壁筒试件进行实验,研究上述条件下岩石的破裂特征。结果表明:对含径向并贯穿轴向裂纹的试件,其破裂沿裂纹方向,为典型的张开型破裂;含与定直径成45°角并贯穿轴向裂纹的试件,破裂亦呈张开型,其裂面始于裂纹前缘,但却折转约45°角与定直径近于平行;中心含与轴向成45°角的椭圆裂纹试件的破裂,仍沿裂纹面方向,为张开型与滑开型的复合破裂。     

Heavy Metal Distribution in Soils near the Almalyk Mining and Smelting Industrial Area,Uzbekistan

Abstract: The present study demonstrates distribution and chemical forms of heavy metals in soils of the Almalyk mining and smelting industrial area along five transects. The study area is located in Almalyk, Uzbekistan, where the intensification of industrial enterprises negatively impacts the environment. The distribution of 17 heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Th, and U) were studied in 21 sampling locations (21×3=63 soil samples) along five radial transects with a total length of 60?km downwind deposition gradient. Soil samples were collected from the upper layer (0–10?cm) at 4–6?km intervals. As a result of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analyses by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF, Philips Analytical Ink, USA ), a significant decrease in heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Pb) deposition was found going from the source in a downwind direction. Soil samples taken from the first location (near the pollution sources) showed higher concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb, and lower concentrations with increasing distance from the source. Obtained data showed different impact of pollution sources to heavy metal deposition and distribution in soils. The Almalyk mining and smelting complex is the major source of Pb, Zn and Cu enrichment in soils. Distribution of other trace elements does not exceed background content and suggests lithogenic background. This allowed us to divide these elements into two groups: (1) technogenic (Cu, Zn and Pb); and (2) lithogenic (Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Th and U) origins.