部分粘结预应力抗拔(浮)桩的优化设计

介绍了一种新型的抗拔（浮）桩——部分粘结预应力抗拔（浮）桩。该新型桩有效改善了抗拔桩的桩身结构,能充分发挥抗拔桩的承载力,改变了混凝土受拉时的受力性状,克服了普通抗拔桩容易产生裂缝的弊病。结合有关地下结构浮力方面的研究成果及现场实际的部分粘结预应力抗拔桩荷载试验结果,对抗拔（浮）桩进行了优化设计。     

渝利铁路青石岩段边坡危岩体稳定性评价及防治措施研究

渝利铁路青石岩段为深切河谷型边坡,该边坡表部岩体在风化缷荷作用下结构复杂且稳定性差。此外,浅表层岩体在降雨、地震及工程开挖等影响下,局部已经出现了不同模式不同规模的变形失稳现象,严重影响工程建设和运营期间的安全。因此,本文根据边坡岩体结构特征及风化缷荷特征等工程地质条件,结合不同失稳模式的危岩体,提出了相应的稳定性评价理论和方法。最后,针对不同规模和不同稳定状态下的危岩体提出了有效的防治措施。     

生物发光菌技术在地震灾区饮用水源地水质监测中的应用

"5.12"汶川地震发生后,利用生物发光菌技术对阿坝州7个县饮用水源地水质进行综合毒性监测。2008年5月28日到2008年6月12日期间的水质监测结果表明,地震对阿坝州饮用水源地水质并未造成严重污染,当地饮用水源水质正常。     

山东省电气石矿地质特征及勘查方法探讨

论述了山东省电气石矿分布及赋存特征,矿体的产状、规模、厚度及其质量变化;研究了矿石类型、加工技术性能及开采技术条件;论述了目前该矿产勘查现状,结合矿床实例,对该类矿产的勘查方法进行了探讨。     

纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体形成机制及其成矿模式分析

通过系统研究纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体的地质、地球化学特征,深入剖析了含矿斑岩体的形成机制及其成矿模式。研究结果表明,纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体与藏东玉龙含矿斑岩体同属一个成矿带,是喜玛拉雅运动第一幕(40～35Ma)的产物。斑岩体主体部分是黑云母二长花岗斑岩,少部分为花岗闪长斑岩,围岩为中二叠世尕笛考组(P2gd)的玄武岩。含矿斑岩为同源岩浆经长期演化、多期侵位而形成的复式岩体,它们多沿区域性断裂呈串珠状断续分布。斑岩体的内外接触带以及各种裂隙是主要矿体的产出部位。岩体侵入后,由于热重力扩散作用和Cu、Mo元素化学性质的差异,导致成矿元素在空间分布上具有分带性,并且显示出下部富钼、上部富铜的分布特征。研究结果对于深入认识该区的成矿地质条件、成矿规律和指导下一步勘探均具有重要的参考价值。     

直脉蝎蛉科(昆虫纲长翅目) 3个异物同名和 1个种的修正

1996 年,张海春发表《新疆准噶尔盆地中生代直脉科(昆虫纲)昆虫化石》一文[古生物学报,35(4)：442-494],共有5个新种和5个老种,其中1个老种定为Mesopanorpa obscura(Martynov, 1927),包含3 个标本：① NIGP126378(92-T-22/K1),② NIGP126377(58SK15/K3),③ NIGP126376(92-T-22/K3)。另1个标本NIGP126379(93-HE-2K1,2)定为Protorthophlebia latipennis Tillyard, 1933。笔者在研究长翅目化石的过程中,发现张的4个标本系异物同名,前3 个标本即：① NIGP126378号标本勉强修订为1个近似种P. (Protorthophlebia) aff. obscura (Martynov,1925) Martynov,1927;② NIGP126377号标本修订为新名种Protorthophlebia(Protorthophlebia) badouwanica nom. nov.;③ NIGP126376号标本, 由于这个标本脉序结构与副蝎蛉科 Parachoristidae Tillyard, 1937的脉序特征相同,已被修订为另一个属、种Junggarochorista tuzigouensis Hong, 2009[13],已转移归入该科。④另1个标本NIGP126379号标本被修订为新名种 P.(Protorthophlebia) karamayiensis nom. nov.。上述被修订后的新名属、种在本文中作了必要的重新描述。修订的标本,都根据张海春论文中原标本照片显示的脉纹特征和文字描述。所修订学名的原标本均按原文的记录保存在中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所。     

东昆仑阿牙克库木湖北巴什尔希花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义

巴什尔希岩体分布在东昆仑西段白干湖断裂和阿尔金断裂之间,岩性主要为二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩,其中二长花岗岩与白干湖钨、锡多金属矿床关系密切。对锆石内部结构、阴极发光图像特征和Th/U比值的研究表明,二长花岗岩中的锆石为岩浆锆石。锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb同位素分析结果显示,二长花岗岩形成年龄为(458.0±9.0)Ma。结合前人对巴什尔希钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年(432.3±0.8)Ma,初步认为该岩体为晚奥陶世—早志留世侵入体。元素地球化学特征显示,巴什尔希花岗岩为弱准铝质或弱过铝质A型花岗岩,是东昆仑地区加里东期局部弧后盆地拉张过程中,地幔底侵导致地壳物质熔融的产物。     

西藏墨竹工卡地区甲玛矽卡岩型铜多金属矿体的变化性

以甲玛矽卡岩型矿体为研究对象,通过对矿体主要区域化变量矿石品位半变异函数的分析,建立了相应的半变异函数的球状模型,从而求得矿体主要变化方向上的滞后距、块金值、变程等参数。根据这些参数,求得矽卡岩型矿体的铜钼矿体主元素Cu、Mo品位在各方向上的变化性质系数为0.45,表明铜钼矿体中主元素品位在走向、倾向和垂向上都具有明显的坐标性变化;而铅锌矿体中Pb在各方向上的变化性质系数为0.58,Zn变化性质系数为0.5,显示铅锌矿体中主元素品位在走向、倾向和垂向上均具有一定的随机性变化。Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn品位变化程度系数在走向、倾向方向均大于0.9,表明矿体内的矿石品位变化程度是极复杂的。Cu、Mo在垂向上的变化程度系数值均在0.6~0.8之间,变化程度中等;Pb、Zn垂向上的变化程度系数值介于0.3~0.6之间,变化程度较简单。据此认为,控制矿体变化的因素主要是由斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床的成因所决定的,矿体形成时存在多阶段的矿化叠加,使有用矿物、成矿元素具有明显的分带性。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000058

<正>The thermo-electric coefficients of twenty-six magnetite samples,formed either by magmatism or metamorphism,were tested by the thermo-electric instrument BHET—06.Results showed that the coefficient is of a constant value of about -0.05 mV/℃.It is emphasized that because every magnetite grain was tested randomly,the coefficient is independent of the crystallographic direction.This fact means the thermal voltage generated from a single magnetite crystal can be accumulated,and as a result a new thermo-electric field can arise when a gradient thermal field exists and is active within the earth's crust.Because magnetite is widespread in the earth's crust(generally appearing more in the middle-lower crust),there is more-than-random probability that the additional thermo-electric field can be generated when certain thermal conditions are fulfilled.We,therefore,used the thermo-electric effect of magnetite to study the mechanism responsible for the presence of abnormal geo-electric fields during earthquake formation and occurrence, because gradient thermal fields always exist before earthquakes.The possible presence of additional thermo-electric fields was calculated under theoretical seismological conditions,using the following calcu-lation formula:E= - 0.159(σ×△T×φ×ρ_2×[(h~2-2x~2)cosα+ 3hxsinα]/ρ_1(h~2 +x~2)~(5/2)).In the above formula,σis thermo-electric coefficient of magnetite,△T is the temperature difference acting on it,φis a sectional area on a block of magnetite vertically perpendicular to the direction of the thermal current.ρ_1 andρ_2 are the respective resistivities of magnetite and the crust,and h,α,and x,respectively,h is the depth of embedded magnetite block,αmeans the angle created by the horizontal line and ligature of the two poles of magnetite block,and x is the distance from observation point to projective center point of the magnetite block on earth surface.According to simulations calculated with this formula,additional thermo-electric field intensity may reach as high as n to n×10~2 mV/km.This field is strong enough to cause obvious anomalies in the background geo-electric field,and can be easy probed by earthquake monitoring equipment. Therefore,we hypothesize that geo-electric abnormalities which occur during earthquakes may be caused by the thermo-electric effect of magnetite.     

Ammonia adsorption and nitritation in sediments derived from the Three Gorges Reservoir,China

The influences of suspended particles (SPs) on NH₄ ⁺ adsorption and nitritation occurring in the water system of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) were evaluated in this study. The results indicated that the adsorption of NH₄ ⁺ was significantly affected by the SPs concentration under the conditions typically present in the TGR. The amount of ammonia adsorbed per unit weight of suspended particles was inverse proportional to the concentration of suspended particles. However, the influences of the particle size and the organic matter concentration existing in SPs were insignificant under the experimental conditions. The effects of suspended particles on nitritation were determined by the use of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) strain SW16, identified as Nitrosomonas nitrosa, which was isolated from sediment samples of the TGR. Suspended particle concentration in water–sediment solution played an important role in the nitritation process. The rate of nitritation enhanced with the increase of the suspended particle concentration. It was found that the critical factor controlling ammonia oxidizing rate was the AOB biomass resulting from the AOB growth rate. Moreover, results demonstrated that both particle size and organic matter content showed little effect on the nitritation process under the experimental conditions.