用改进的主成分分析法对东湖的水质污染进行评价

从对逆指标进行线性变换、用对数化法对指标进行无量纲化及评价指标的选择等三个方面对传统主成分分析方法进行改进,并应用于东湖的水质污染质量评价中。与传统方法相比,本文方法更为合理地保留了原始指标矩阵中的信息,且第一主成分的贡献率有了显著的提高。评价过程全部用计算机实现,并将评价结果生成东湖水质污染专题图。     

基于GIS的武汉市街道汽车尾气扩散模式试验研究

通过对武汉市珞喻路路段的车流量、NOx浓度和气象要素的调查与监测,分析了车流量特征和NOx分布特征,并用街道峡谷扩散模式进行了模拟.在此基础上,结合GIS描述了城市汽车尾气扩散模式,并在利用GIS及二次开发的条件下动态、直观地反映污染的时空分布规律.     

Rheological Properties of Mantle Peridotites at Yushigou in the North Qilian Mountains and Their Implicationsfor Plate Dynamics

This paper discusses in detail the deformation textures, glide system, petrofabrics and olivine dislocation microstructures of mantle peridotites at Yushigou in the North Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. The peridotites have undergone high-pressure, high-temperature and low-strain rate plastic flow deformation. According to the dynamic recrystallized-grain size of olivine and the average spacing between the dislocation walls as well as the chemical composition of enstatite, the authors calculated the rheological parameters of the ancient upper mantle in the study area as follows: temperatures 1025-1093℃; pressures 3043-4278 MPa; depths 95-132 km; deviatoric stress 28-32 MPa; strain rates 0.2×10-14-2.13×10-14s-1 and equivalent viscosities 0.45×1020-4.65×1020 Pa · s. These parameters suggest that the position where plastic flow took place was correspondent to the low-velocity zone beneath the oceanic lithosphere and that oceanization characterized by middle-velocity (1-3 cm/a) sea-floor spreadi     

The Crustal Structure and Assembly of Terranes in the Qaidam-Qilian-Beishan Area, Western China

Through a study of the geotransect from Golmud to Ejin Qi published recently, the tectonics of the crust beneath the area from the northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau (Qaidam and the Qilian Mountains) to the border between China and Mongolia and its structure, composition and tectonic evolution have been revealed, and abundant information about the deep structures has been provided. Based on the research into the geotransect, it is suggested that the crust in this area was formed by the assembly of the terranes in different geological stages. Following the formation of the Palaeo-Asian continent, the north part of the corridor of the transect became a part of the huge unifying continent by the end of the Early Permian. In the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, as a result of the compression mainly by the push of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau on the south, the unique crustal structure and geomorphologic features on the northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau were formed. This geotransect together with the Yadong-Golmud geotransect co     

塔中地良奥陶系地层格架与沉积演化

塔里木中部地区奥陶系大致以Ⅰ号断裂为界分东北和西南两个地层分区,自下而上分白云岩段、灰岩段、泥质灰岩段、泥岩夹灰岩段、泥岩夹砂岩段、砂砾岩段、泥岩夹砂岩段、泥岩灰岩互层段和砂岩段等9个岩性段。早奥陶世,塔中地区以碳酸盐岩台地相为主,自西向东为局限台地相、开阔台地相、台地边缘相和深水斜坡相。中——晚奥陶世,塔中地区西部以混积陆架相为主,东部以深水斜坡相为主。中—晚奥陶世,塔中东部及塔东地区在构造上具弧后前陆盆地性质。中—上奥陶统地层完整地记录了该盆地从形成发展到消亡的过程,即早期为深水斜坡相复理石活动沉积,晚期演化为浅海陆架相稳定沉积。     

碳酸盐岩压溶埋藏史和排烃数值模拟模型初步探讨

压溶作用产生的缝合线是烃富集的场所及初次运移的通道。碳酸盐岩烃源岩压溶过程,随着地层厚度和体积的减小,未熟和低熟油气会伴随孔隙流体一同排出。根据碳酸盐岩埋藏与压溶机理,提出了压溶的碳酸盐岩缝合线或溶解缝厚度恢复及其古厚度恢复的数学模型,同时结合碳酸盐岩基质和缝合线孔度随深度的变化曲线建立了定量计算碳酸盐烃源岩压溶排烃量的数学模型。上述数学模型的关键是确定压溶作用开始和结束的深度和时间,缝合线的厚度     

陕西凤太矿田层控铅锌矿床古剥蚀面与古构造对成矿的控制作用

野外和室内研究表明,凤太矿田古道盆古道岭组岩层沉积结束后,曾出露水面,致使该组顶部出现不规则古剥蚀面和喀斯特地貌,为相继沉淀的矿石提供了堆积的场所。随后,由于北东向同沉积构造的反复活动,将该区分割成一系列的凹槽,同沉积构造的活动驱动深部流体上升,形成海底喷流铅锌矿床。     

皖南—浙西下古生界碳沥青成因及南方海相“有效烃源岩”问题探讨

赋存于皖南—浙西的固体碳沥青分为古油藏裂解碳沥青和古油藏破坏次生充填碳沥青两种类型 ,阐明了两类碳沥青的不同成因机制。重新认定了浙西“康山沥青脉”为碳沥青而不是泥岩。论证了皖南、浙西碳沥青的烃源为下寒武统、中—上奥陶统至下志留统、中—上寒武统等。认为加里东运动—广西事件期间是下扬子盆地相区以下寒武统黑页岩为烃源的油藏形成和部分破坏的主要时期。针对南方的油气勘探 ,提出了只有在晚期成藏中作出贡献的源岩才是“有效烃源岩”的新概念。     

SHRIMP U-Pb Dating of Zircons of a Dark Eclogite and aGarnet-bearing Gneissic Granitic Rock from Bixiling, EasternDabie Area, Anhui Province: Isotope Chronological Evidenceof Neoproterozoic UHP Metamorphism

The paper reports SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data of a dark eclogite and a post-eclogite garnet-bearing gneissic granitic rock from the Bixiling area, Yuexi County, Anhui Province, in the eastern Dabie Mountains. The eclogite, which is metamorphosed basic tuff, contains very scarce zircons in omphacite or garnet, but more zircons in quartz. They usually exhibit a double-layered texture, as shown clearly in cathodoluminescence images. Their inner main parts give a 206Pb/238U age of 757±7 Ma, representing the approximate age of the high-pressure (HP)- ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic event during which the eclogite was formed. The outer peripheral parts of the zircons, which have been modified by late-stage fluids, give an age of 223±3 Ma. The granitic rock contains more zircons of anatectic origin found mostly in feldspar and quartz and usually also showing a similar composite texture. The inner main parts of the anatectic zircons with oscillatory zoning give a 206Pb/238U age of 727±15 Ma for the approxim     

Cobalt Deposits in the Central China Orogenic Belt

Cobalt mostly occurs as an associated metal in Cu-Ni sulphide deposits, skarn Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn deposits and volcanic-hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) or sedex deposits. There are different types of cobalt deposits in the Central China orogenic belt. In the Tamu-Kalangu Mississippi-valley type Pb-Zn deposits, many cobalt-nickel sulphide minerals were found. The cobalt content of the ore is 0.064%-0.46% in sedex-type Kendekeke Fe-Pb-Zn-Au deposits, and cobalt sulphide veins with Co contents of 4%-9% have also been found. About 28000 tons of cobalt reserves were delineated in the Dur'ngoi Cu-Co-Zn deposit of VHMS type in the A'nyemaqen Mountains. It is considered that the exploration potential for cobalt is attractive in this district, especially in sedex-type deposits and Co-rich sulphide veins in sedex-type Fe, Cu and Pb-Zn deposits and their surroundings.