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991.
992.
Wu Fu-chun Song Li-sheng Zhu Xing-guo Wang Feng Jing Bei-ke Dong Xing-hong Fang Wei Zuo Yong-qing 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):434-439
Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping
water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally
small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or
the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and
the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten
or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled,
or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990
in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been
dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region
belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens.
The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level
in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its
specially geological condition.
Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province. 相似文献
993.
根据中国地震局地球物理研究所中国数字地震台网数据管理中心 (CDSN DMC)从美国地震学合作研究会数据管理中心 (IRIS DMC)得到的资料 ,2 0 0 0年 9月全球范围内共发生 M≥ 5 .0地震 81次 (见表 1 ) ,发生在厄瓜多尔沿海的 M6 .6地震为 9月的最大地震。 9月发生的 81次 M≥5 .0地震中有 49次发生在东半球 ,32次发生在西半球。1 0月全球范围内共发生 M≥ 5 .0地震 1 1 9次 (见表 2 ) ,其中 7级以上地震 1次 ,即 1 0月 6日日本本州南部 7.0级地震。在 1 0月发生的 1 1 9次 M≥ 5 .0地震中有 76次发生在东半球 ,43次发生在西半球。东半… 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Helmcke DGZG University of Goettingen D Goettingen GermanyIngavat Helmcke Rc/o GZG University of Goettingen D Goettingen GermanyFeng QinglaiFaculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan Wagner B Heppe KGZG 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(3)
INTRODUCTIONTheSimaoregion (SWYunnan ,China) ,situatedbe tweentheAilaoshanbeltintheeastandtheLancangjiangzoneinthewest (Fig .1) ,isakeyareatochronologicallyconstrainlatePaleozoiccompressionaldeformationsandthusofprimein terestwhendiscussingtheplate tectonichi… 相似文献
997.
Partitioning of heavy metals on soil samples from column tests 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R. N. Yong W. Z. W. Yaacob S. P. Bentley C. Harris B. K. Tan 《Engineering Geology》2001,60(1-4):307-322
In this study, column tests were used to determine the retention capability of three types of estuarine alluvia collected adjacent to landfill sites in South Wales. Selective sequential extraction (SSE) was used to study the retention mechanisms of heavy metals in the soil columns obtained from leaching experiments. Acid digestion was later used to check the validity of the SSE results. Breakthrough curves show good retention of heavy metal ions (Pb, Cu, and Zn) by all soils, where almost 99% of heavy metals were retained with the Ce/Co values in the order of 10−3. The retention strength of these soils was observed to be constant up to five pore volumes (PV). This corresponds with the pH of the effluents and pore water of soil slices, which also show good buffering capacity against very acidic leachate up to 5PV. The heavy metal extraction profiles from SSE show very similar trends with the retention profiles from the leaching experiments, where heavy metals were retained mainly at the top part where the leachate entered the column. SSE indicates qualitatively that heavy metals precipitated with carbonates and amorphous materials (oxides/hydroxides) are higher than heavy metal retention via exchangeable mechanisms. The mass balance calculation gives range of deviation of 1–16% of the total soil extraction. The distribution of the heavy metals with various soil constituents are ranked in the following order: Carbonates>Amorphous oxides hydroxides>Organic matter>Exchangeable phases. 相似文献
998.
Sorption is an important process in the modelling and prediction of the movement of heavy metals in unsaturated clay barriers. This experimental study investigates the effect of pH changes in the acidic range on the sorption characteristics of heavy metals such as: lead, copper and zinc in an unsaturated soil. A series of one-dimensional coupled solute and moisture leaching column tests, using different heavy metal solutions, were conducted on an unsaturated illitic soil at varying pH values. Variations of volumetric water content (VWC) with distance were measured for different time durations, and concentrations of heavy metals in the liquid and solid phases were analysed. Partitioning coefficient profiles of contaminants along the soil column were determined for each individual layer in the soil.
Results from column leaching tests showed that the sorption characteristics of heavy metals are controlled by many factors which should be taken into consideration, i.e. the VWC, time of wetting, soil pH, and the influent heavy metal concentrations. Simplification of Kd as a constant and of the VWC as a linear function cannot be considered a good assumption and may lead to an improper evaluation of the sorption phenomena and also to serious errors in predicting contaminant transport through unsaturated soils. 相似文献
999.
对胎体材料中添加稀土元素问题进行了试验研究。对添加稀土和未加稀土的胎体性能进行测试,结果表明,添加稀土比未加稀土的胎体材料的抗弯强度、硬度和冲击韧性均有所提高,其中抗弯强度提高了10%-62%,冲击韧性提高了5%。胎体中添加稀土对提高胎体和金刚石碎岩工具的技术经济指标具有重要作用,并且为在胎体材料中实现以Fe代Co创造了有利条件。 相似文献
1000.
石岩系是塔里木盆地西南地区重要的海相烃源岩和储集岩地层,油气潜力很大,但目前仅发现了1个气田、1个油田和2个油藏,勘探程度很低。本文在岩相古地理和地震地层学岩性岩相研究的基础上,对本区石炭系的烃源岩和储集岩的类型、分布及其与沉积环境的关系进行了研究,对盖层性质和分布,尤其对石炭系经过多次大的构造变动后所形成的油气潜景区进行了较深入的探讨,并指出4个有利的油气勘探地区,即巴楚隆起西端、玛扎塔克断裂带-海米-罗斯断裂带、麦盖提斜坡的北缘、南缘推覆体上盘。同时指出了各有利地区的勘探对策。 相似文献