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Shantanu Keshav Alexandre Corgne Michael Bizimis Yingwei Fei 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2005,69(11):2829-2845
In this experimental study, we examine the mineral-melt partitioning of major and trace elements between clinopyroxene and CO2-rich kimberlitic melts at a pressure of 6 GPa and temperatures of 1410°C and 1430°C. The melts produced contain ∼ 28 wt% dissolved CO2, and are saturated with olivine and clinopyroxene. To assess the effects of temperature, crystal and melt compositions on trace element partitioning, experiments were performed in the model CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-CO2 system. Our results reveal that all the elements studied, except Al, Mg, Si, and Ga, are incompatible in clinopyroxene. Partition coefficients show a considerable range in magnitude, from ∼ 10−3 for DU and DBa to ∼ 2.5 for DSi. The two experimental runs show similar overall partitioning patterns with the D values being lower at 1430°C. Rare earth elements display a wide range of partition coefficients, DLa (0.012-0.026) being approximately one order of magnitude lower than DLu (0.18-0.23). Partition coefficients for the 2+ and 3+ cations entering the M2-site exhibit a near-parabolic dependence on radius of the incorporated cations as predicted from the lattice strain model. This underlines the contribution made by the crystal structure toward controlling the distribution of trace elements. Using data obtained in this study combined with that in the published literature, we also discuss the effects that other important parameters, namely, melt composition, pressure, and temperature, could have on partitioning.Our partition coefficients have been used to model the generation of the Group I (GI) kimberlites from South Africa. The numerical modeling shows that kimberlitic melts can be produced by ∼0.5% melting of a MORB-type depleted source that has been enriched by small-degree melts originating from a similar depleted source. This result suggests that the source of GI kimberlites may be located at the lithosphere-asthenosphere transition. Percolation of small degree melts from the asthenosphere would essentially create a metasomatic horizon near the bottom of the non-convecting sublithospheric mantle. Accumulation of such small degree melts together with the presence of volatiles and conductive heating would trigger melting of the ambient mantle and subsequently lead to eruption of kimberlitic melts. Additionally, our model shows that the GI source can be generated by metasomatism of a 2 Ga old MORB source ca. 1 Ga ago. Assuming that MORB-type mantle is the most depleted source of magmas on earth, then this is the oldest age at which the GI source could have existed. However, this age most likely reflects the average age of a series of metasomatic events than that of a single event. 相似文献
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我国尾矿综合利用研究现状及建议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
尾矿资源综合利用问题已受到世界各国的重视,其对策已由消极的废物处理转向物质再回收,尾矿资源化的发展趋势越来越清晰。但是,我国尾矿综合利用率和发达国家相比还存在较大的差距。大量的尾矿积存,对矿山周边地区环境、土地利用造成了严重的影响。开展典型尾矿资源综合利用技术研究和推广尾矿资源产业化利用技术研究与推广,不但可使原来资源枯竭或资源不足的矿山焕发青春,而且还能够重新成为新的资源基地,以开辟新的材料科技领域,推动科技进步,同时也可以解决环境污染、改善生态环境和整治国土,具有巨大社会、经济和环境效益。因此尾矿的综合利用要做到国家重視、立法保障、评价先行、技术支撑、全部利用,才能真正解决尾矿污染等问题。 相似文献
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正China is one of the most prolific countries for dinosaur material in the world,from skeletons to footprints and eggs.At present,China has documented more than 160kinds of dinosaur,35 genera and 39 ichnospecies of dinosaur footprints,and 17 genera and 44 oospecies of dinosaur eggs.The dinosaur eggs in China are mainly distributed in Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia,Ningxia,Gansu, 相似文献
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正For thousands of years,a large number of peripheral rivers have been flowing into deserts,the water from which then will infiltrate underground or evaporate into the air.When desert sand engulfs and humans retreat,precious freshwater resources lie dormant all the year round,making almost no contribution to human progress. 相似文献
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海河平原地下水资源可持续利用前景评价 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文通过综合分析海河平原地下水资源盈余量以及建立典型三级区平原开采系数与地下水水位下降速率、地面沉降速率的关系,分析了各三级区平原依靠环境容量可扩大开采量,根据疏干时限性评价指标对海河平原地下水的开采潜力进行了评价,客观展现了维持现状开采条件下研究区地下水资源可持续利用的暗淡前景。 相似文献
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