Responses of foraminiferal isotopic variations at ODP Site 1143 in the southern South China Sea to orbital forcing

1 Astronomical theory One of the greatest achievements of the EarthSciences in the 20th century is the establishment of theMilankovitch theory or the astronomical theory[1]. AsImbrie pointed out[2], the astronomical theory can bedescribed as a simple system model. The input to thesystem can be defined as changes in the geometry ofthe Earth’s orbit or the seasonal and latitudinal distri-bution of incoming solar radiation, whereas the outputto the system can be defined as one or more calc…     

Types and formation mechanism of collapse in Tianchi region of Changbai Mountain

Collapse is a disaster in Changbai Mountain area.Based on the present stage of collapse,the anthors summarized three types of collapse and analyzed their formation mechanism.This research makes sense to further study.     

Spatial prediction of landslide for Badong County in the ThreeGorges reservoir district

By using the landslide risk evaluating model and the advantages of GIS technology in image processing and space analysis, the relative landslide hazard and risk evaluating system of the new county site of Badong is built up. The system is mainly consisted of four subsystems： Information management subsystem, hazard as- sessment subsystem, vulnerability evaluation subsystem and risk prediction subsystem. In the system, landslide hazard assessment, vulnerability evaluation, risk predictions are carried out automatically based on irregular units. At last the landslide hazard and risk map of the study area is compiled. During the whole procedure, Matter-Element Model, Artificial Neural Network, ancl Information Model are used as assessment models. This system provides an effective way for the landslide hazard information management and risk prediction of each district in the Reservoir of Three Gorge Project. The result of the assessment can be a gist and ensure for the land planning and the emigration project in Badong.     

Stability analysis and treatment of No. 2 dump of Nanfen iron mine

On the basis of the study on the engineering geological characteristics of No. 2 dump of Nanfen iron mine and the analysis of the failure mode of dump landslide, the stability of the present dump, the stability of the dump 20 years later and the stability of double-bench dump are analyzed. Then, the debris flow risk is evaluated by fuzzy mathematics method. Finally, the comprehensive treatment for the dump is suggested. It is concluded that ① In rainy and snowmelt period, the stability would be decreasing sharply when ground water is not drained out in time; ② Double-bench dumping mode will improve stability of the dump little;③ Debris flow risk is middle danger. The interim debris flow with medium scale may occur. ④ Monitoring, draining and baffling work ought to be well done. ⑤In order to prevent the damage of landslide and debris flow, three measures are adopted, including setting rockfall net, setting the debris flow barrier and removing the residents.     

三峡地区地震灾害损失预测研究

利用三峡及邻区发生的40多次历史地震资料，结合30多年来的20多次地震灾害现场考察资料，对三峡地区地震灾害损失进行了预测。结果显示：同震级的水库诱发地震的危害性比天然构造地震大，破坏性更强，但对三峡大坝不会构成危害。     

用GPS监测城市地面沉降的可行性研究

研究了用GPS观测取代常规水准测量方法监测城市地面沉降变化的可行性。在宁波市进行了两期GPS测量和水准测量，观测中并采取一定的措施以获得高精度的高程分量。顾及到对流层延迟的影响，采用Saastamcinen模型改正对流层延迟的干分量部分，用分段线性方法来估计对流层的湿分量变化。用Bernese软件对数据进行处理，获得了毫米级的高程精度。实际算例证明，用GPS测量代替水准测量来监测城市地面沉降变化是可行的。     

阿拉善地块新生代构造作用——兼论阿尔金断裂新生代东向延伸问题

阿拉善地块在新生代的变形是青藏高原北部活动的直接结果,各方面的资料显示这种影响仅发生在中新世中晚期,前的活动性已经很低。阿尔金断裂的延伸并不能穿过阿拉善与南蒙古相关断裂相连,我们的研究更偏重认为阿尔金断裂没有进入阿拉善地区,而是经过金塔—花海盆地南缘的宽滩山—黑山地区与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂相连,中新世中晚期,由于青藏高原北部重要的构造事件,青藏高原由南向北挤压河西走廊地区,造成了金塔—花海盆地内部由近南北向构造转变为近东西向构造。同时形成北山地区控制上第三系沉积(上新统)的东西向断裂。而阿拉善南缘产生右行走滑运动,地块的北部及内部则产生了近南北向的第三纪伸展构造,这些伸展构造以及金塔—花海盆地第三纪断裂控制的沉积与前人认为的强前陆、弱限制性边界的侧向挤出类似。我们认为阿拉善及蒙古地区中新世—上新世期间,由于受到青藏高原近南北向的挤压,产生区域性的"共轭"断裂系统,由于这些地区早期构造的控制,这些新活动的断裂主要迁就于老构造,以脆性活动为主,在蒙古国形成了沿阿尔泰山的北西—南东向断裂和东南部的北东—南西向"共轭"断裂系统,而阿尔金断裂与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂则形成南侧的"共轭"断裂系统。北山以及金塔—花海地区则是这两组断裂的交汇地区,挤压作用明显,控制了新生代的沉积,并导致了新生代金塔—花海盆地的形成。阿拉善地块作为夹持在这两组断裂之间的地块,发生了一定程度的向东挤出运动,在其东缘贺兰山西侧形成了新生代的挤压构造,而在其东北缘和西南缘则迁就早期的韧性剪切带分别向北东和南西运动,产生相应的变形。该模型能够合理地解释阿拉善周围地区及其内部中新世以来的变形及其与青藏高原北部构造运动之间的关系。     

东营凹陷东辛2-4井上新世至全新世天文地层研究

东辛2-4井钻取岩芯0—530.1m,明化镇组上段的上亚段至平原组划分为18个层,其中,下更新统平原组一段(简称平一段)的底作为第四系下界;同时进行了古地磁研究,测定出布容、松山、高斯和吉尔伯特等4个极性时。由于天文地层研究的需要,对90年代古地磁的年龄与"国际地层表"(2004)对比,作了相应调整,确定井深242.5m处的年龄为781ka,274.5m处的为2581ka,452.0m处的为3596ka和529.5m处的为4493ka,井深242.5m和452.0m这两个界线的年龄值作为天文地层计时的标定。研究大致分为两步:①以磁化强度(MI)数值曲线的频谱和小波分析,选定平原组一段102.4m周期和明化镇组上段68.36m周期分别对应于天文偏心率404ka旋回,求出了堆积速率为0.1584mm/a和0.1692mm/a及其他各层位的年龄:井深274.5m处上新统明上(上)亚段顶界的年龄为2546ka,平一段底界的年龄是970ka,不整合的延续时间大约为1.6Myr。②推测明上(上)亚段顶2546—1806ka期间可能沉积了129m地层;而在1806—908ka期间,由于构造活动上升,把原沉积又剥蚀掉了,形成井深274.5m处的一个大的不整合面,对储层孔隙的扩张和压实有重要影响,成为最后二次烃源物质的卸载和封堵。     

On the Yangtzeconus Priscus-Archaeospira Ornata Assemblage (Mollusca) of the Earliest Cambrian of China

Yangtzeconus priscus-Archaeospira ornata, an important earliest Cambrian benthonic Assemblage of the Yangtze micromolluscan fauna, occurs mainly in the Lower Cambrian Zhongyicun and Dahai Members of the Yuhucun Formation in E Yunnan, the Tianzhushan Member （=Huangshandong Member） of the Dengying Formation in W Hubei and the Maidiping Member of the Hungchunping Formation in C Sichuan, China. About 90% of the genera of this Assemblage are unknown from the Nemakit-Daldynian and Tommotian molluscan Assemblages of the Siberian Platform, Russia. About 90% of the Siberian molluscan genera do not occur in the Zhongyicun and Dahai Members in the Meishucun section and in the corresponding beds of the Yangtze Platform, because the Tommotian molluscan Assemblage is characterizedly abundant archaeocyathids. It is clearly indicated that the Yangtze and Siberian molluscan Assemblages represent different bio- and lithofacies and ages. The age of the pre-trilobitic Yangtzeconus priscus-Archaeospira ornata Assemblage is older than that of the Nemakit-Daldynian and Tommotian molluscan Assemblages and referable to the Earliest Cambrian. Two new genera Mcnamaraconus and Zhangwentangoconus are herein proposed.     

两种Rosenblueth改进法分析边坡稳定可靠度

采用Rosenblueth方法进行边坡可靠度分析时,需要计算2n个参数变量的组合。当输入的参数变量n较多时(如4,5,6),计算量便大大增加。提出两种改进方法:Lind法与Harr法,通过改变取样点的选取位置,将计算次数降为2n次。算例1中,采用上述3种方法计算所得边坡滑坡概率依次为:8.23%、7.93%和7.49%,采用Monte Carlo法进行对比计算得滑坡概率为9.18%,计算结果均非常接近。且2种简化法无需了解各变量的分布特征,只需利用变量的均值和方差,有效地提高了计算效率,并满足一般边坡的精度要求。