基于多分辨率融合的无人机图像拼接匀色研究

虽然图像的拼接技术已经得到了深入研究,但是无人机图像的拼接并没有取得理想效果,其在拼接过程中的鬼影和曝光差异问题仍然没有得到有效解决,拼接后图像的匀色效果也并不理想。本文将最佳缝合线和多分辨率融合技术联合应用于无人机图像拼接,以待有效解决上述两大问题。试验表明,该方法用于无人机图像拼接可以有效消除鬼影和曝光差异,图像的拼接匀色能够达到理想的目视效果。     

晋陕蒙能源区城镇化过程及其对生态环境的影响

研究能源区城镇化过程及其生态环境影响,对于更好地认识能源富集地区发展有重要的现实意义。利用1992-2009 年的DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据,建立晋陕蒙能源区城镇化形态的年尺度时间折线图,探究其空间过程与动态强度,并用与NPP价值量成正比关系的植被固碳释氧效应反映生态环境影响。结果表明,城镇化过程在空间上的总强度不断上升,但单位面积强度有所波动,其形态趋于边缘复杂化和布局分散化;大部分区域NPP价值量与城镇化强度均在增加,少数城镇化快速增长区域NPP价值量下降。说明城镇中心的植被固碳释氧效应虽因不透水面增大而有所降低,但城镇化进程并未降低区域整体的固碳释氧服务功能。能源区良好生态环境的客观需求和发展积累的大量资金可能有益于推动城镇化区域的生态建设。     

Diatom diet selectivity by early post-larval abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta under hatchery conditions

Benthic diatoms constitute the primary diet of abalone during their early stages of development. To evaluate the dietary preferences of early post-larval abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, we analyzed the gut contents of post-larvae that settled on diatom films. We compared the abundance and species diversity of diatom assemblages in the gut to those of the epiphytic diatom assemblages on the attachment films, and identified 40 benthic diatom species in the gut contents of post-larvae 12 to 24 d after settlement. The most abundant taxa in the gut contents were Navicula spp., Amphora copulate, and Amphora coffeaeformis. Navicula spp. accounted for 64.0% of the cell density. In the attachment films, we identified 110 diatom species belonging to 38 genera. Pennate diatoms were the dominant members including the species Amphiprora alata, Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, Cylindrotheca closterium, Navicula sp. 2, and A. coffeaeformis. Nano-diatoms (<20 μm in length) accounted for a considerable proportion of the total species number and cell density of the diatom assemblages in the gut contents and on the films. This suggests that nano-diatoms are important to the efficient production of abalone seed. The difference of the composition and abundance of diatoms between in the guts and on the biofilms suggests that early post-larval grazing was selective. An early post-larval abalone preferred nano-diatoms and the genera Navicula and Amphora during the month after settlement.     

精细数值预报在60周年国庆天气服务中的应用

在60周年国庆天气服务中,使用ARPS实时分析预报系统,将地面观测、探空、自动站、雷达基数据和风云2卫星TBB等多种观测资料同化,使用较多的观测数据调整模式初始场,对天安门地区未来3天的天气逐日进行精细化数值预报。对ARPS系统的降水落区和量级预报能力及单点降水预报准确率检验结果表明:对于秋季低槽东移造成的华北地区的大范围降水,ARPS系统有较好的预报能力,12-36 h预报的1 mm降水落区与实况十分吻合,降水量预报通常略大于实况;对单点的1 h的累积降水预报,预报降水的开始时间较实际降水时间提前1-3 h,1h累积降水随时间增大或减小的变化趋势预报比较准确。综合看来,使用ARPS实时分析预报系统进行精细化天气预报是可行的,数值预报的结果对于精细化天气预报决策具有较好的参考价值。     

An evaluation of ice nuclei characteristics from the long-term measurement data over North China

An attempt was made to delineate the characteristics of ice nuclei (IN) over North China using the ground-based measurement data from 1963?C2003. The results show that: (1) the IN concentrations increased during the period from 1963?C1996, but decreased after 2000; (2) the average IN concentrations range from 1.0 to 26.3, 3.6 to 78.9, 19.2 to 627.3, and 92.9 to 5285.0 L^?1 at temperature ?15, ?20, ?25, and ?30°C, with the overall average of 7.8, 20.6, 167.7, and 890.6 L^?1, respectively; and (3) the number concentration of active IN increased nearly exponentially with decreasing temperature, with the slope (ranging from 0.11 to 0.42°C^?1) being of a narrow range in a log-linear coordinate; the regression equations for the western central China and the eastern central China can be expressed as N(T) = 0.0396 exp (?0.317 ??T) and N(T) = 0.1496 exp (?0.299??T), respectively. The present study may be useful toward applications in models for predicting IN effects on the cloud, precipitation and climate over North China.     

The Behaviors of Optimal Precursors during Wintertime Eurasian Blocking Onset

In this paper the optimal precursors for wintertime Eurasian blocking onset are acquired by solving a nonlinear optimization problem whose objective function is constructed based on a blocking index with a triangular T21,three-level,quasi-geostrophic global spectral model.The winter climatological state is chosen as the reference basic state.Numerical results show that the optimal precursors are characterized by a baroclinic pattern with a westward tilt with height,which are mainly located upstream of the blocking region.For an optimization time of 5 days,these perturbations are mainly localized over the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and continental Europe.With the extension of the optimization time to 8 days,these perturbations are distributed more upstream and extensively in the zonal direction.Wave spectrum analysis reveals that the optimal precursors are composed of not only synoptic-scale(wave numbers 5-18) waves,but planetary-scale(wave numbers 0-4) waves as well.The synoptic-scale optimal precursors are mainly located in the mid-latitude area,while the planetary-scale optimal precursors focus primarily on the highlatitude region.The formation of a strong planetary-scale positive blocking anomaly is accompanied by the reinforcement of synoptic-scale perturbations and further fragmentation into two branches,in which the northern branch is generally stronger than the southern one.The eddy forcing arising from the selfinteraction of synoptic-scale disturbances is shown to be crucial in triggering the dipole blocking anomaly,and the planetary-scale optimal precursor provides the initial favorable background conditions for blocking onset.     

中尺度对流系统中的湿中性层结结构特征

基于CloudSat卫星获得的高分辨率中尺度对流系统垂直剖面结构,结合大气参量相对湿度和相当位温的诊断分析,在低纬度、中高纬度地区、陆地或海洋以及不同天气形势下,发现了多个非常典型的中尺度对流系统(MCS)内部具有湿中性层结特征的个例.进一步利用静止卫星普查到的东亚地区MCS分布情况,结合NCEP再分析资料诊断MCS重心位置处大气状态廓线,利用大量的例子从统计的角度揭示了湿中性层结结构特征在MCS中存在的普遍性,并且从动力学和热力学的角度探讨了湿中性层结结构在MCS发生和发展中所起到的作用.     

有耗媒质中脉冲响应的研究

本文详细论述了一维有耗媒质中脉冲响应的正演理论及其模拟技术。深入研究了导电率、介电常数对脉冲响应的影响。以平面脉冲电磁波在一维介质中的传播理论为基础，编制脉冲响应的仿真模拟软件。最后，用实际模型验证了该模拟技术的正确性和可靠性。     

亚洲MAGSAT卫星磁测数据处理

本文简要介绍了使用的ＭＡＧＳＡＴ数据变量，磁测数据的筛选，卫星磁练习薄宾提取，以及卫星磁异常图的编绘。     

东海陆架盆地丽水凹陷丽水36-1构造上古新统物源分析

丽水36-1构造位于东海陆架盆地(台北坳陷)丽水西次凹的中东部，该凹陷属新生代断陷型盆地，呈北东向展布，上古新统灵峰组和明月峰组是主要目的层段。根据该构造已钻3口井进行系统沉积学和测井相研究，上古新统物源主要来自凹陷西部的闽浙隆起带和中部的灵峰凸起带，可能还有北部的雁荡凸起带。不同的物源区通过断层的活动和海平面的升降等控制着沉积体系的发育和展布。在凹陷下陷兴盛和海平面快速上升期，灵峰凸起带物源经过边缘大断层在其西侧形成扇三角洲，进一步向凹陷中心推进形成深水浊积扇和浅海沉积；闽浙隆起带物源可能沿着不同的入口在凹陷西斜坡形成扇三角洲，它们也可进一步向凹陷深处推进形成深水浊积扇体。根据油气聚集规律和物源分析，形成于凹陷深水区的浊积扇沉积和斜坡带的扇三角洲前缘沉积，具有良好的生储盖组合，是有利的勘探目标。