华南山字型构造体系的厘定及意义

华南山字型的前弧展布于中国大陆南缘和越南北部,南抵西沙纬向带北侧。西翼反射弧出现于念青唐古拉-伯舒拉岭及其南侧,东翼反射弧位于南黄海地区,沿弧形带以中、新生代岩浆岩和构造动力变质带的弧形展布为显著特色。它的脊柱在川、黔、滇、桂毗邻地区,以近SN向褶皱带为主体。华南山字型是印支期发生发展,燕山期成型和定型,喜马拉雅期仍有较强活动的构造体系。该体系的确定,对研究华南地质构造格架与矿产资源的形成和分布规律具有重要意义。实际上,它是特提斯构造域与太平洋构造域间的纽带.      

胶东变质岩型金矿构造-岩相特征及其控矿作用

本文简述了胶东变质岩型金矿的构造-岩相特征。通过对构造体系及其复合成分的控矿和成矿作用,断裂性质和规模控制矿化类型和蚀变特征,构造-岩相类型控制矿化分带和矿体组合特征等方面的综合研究,分析了构造-岩相型式的控岩控矿作用,并对胶东变质岩型金矿构造-岩相成矿系列和成矿模式进行了探讨。      

燕山地区中生代岩浆活动特征及其与陆内造山作用关系

本文将燕山地区广泛分布的中生代岩浆活动划分为４个阶段,８个期次;并对火成岩的基本类型,产状,分布和岩石化学特征进行总结,分别阐述了火岩岩和侵入岩形成的构造环境,论述了构造运动导致的岩浆活动与陆内造山作用过程,笔者着重指出,多期次岩浆活动是造山运动的直接产物,火成岩系列与岩石化学特征指示的构造环境表明,燕山地区在中生代为一陆内造山带,其构造演化的主要特征是反转构造发育。     

西太平洋狗母鱼科鱼类种类多样性的研究

整理记述了西太平洋狗母鱼科Saurida、Synodus、Trachinocephalus 三属鱼类,给出了属以及主要种类的检索表,并报告了各个种的地理分布区。在此基础上,讨论了西太平洋狗母鱼科鱼类生物多样性特征、动物地理学特点及部分名称订正和资源与渔业上的意义。     

川西北发现喜马拉雅运动的新证据

川西北地质调查队杨恒书等（1995）认为岷江断裂带是松潘-阿坝地区若尔盖地块与摩天岭地块的分界,并认为其在喜马拉雅早期表现为伸展断陷,晚期呈现为扭动式逆冲推覆。1995年杨恒书等在热乌附近观察到岷江断裂飞来峰构造（图版I-1、2,图1）,由于漳腊断裂由东往西推覆,燕山期花岗岩推覆于新近系马拉敦组或古近系红土坡组之上形成飞来峰。     

Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy of a Back-Arc Basin： A Case Study of the Qom Formation in the Kashan Area, Central Iran

The Qom Formation comprises Oligo-Miocene deposits from a marine succession distributed in the Central Basin of Iran. It is composed of five members designated as A-F. Little previous work exists on the sequence stratigraphy. Based on an integrated study of sequence stratigraphy with outcrop data, wells and regional seismic profiles, the Qom Formation is interpreted as a carbonate succession deposited in a mid-Tertiary back-arc basin. There are two second-order sequences (designated as SS1 and SS2) and five third-order sequences (designated as S1-S5). Five distinct systems tracts including transgressive, highstand, forced regressive, slope margin and lowstand have been recognized. The relationship between the sequences and lithologic sub-units has been collated and defined (S1 to S5 individually corresponding to A-C1, C2-C4, D-E, the lower and upper portions of F); a relative sea level change curve and the sequence stratigraphic framework have been established and described in detail. The coincidence of relative sea level change between that of the determined back-arc basin and the world indicates that the sedimentary cycles of the Qom Formation are mainly controlled by eustatic cycles. The variable combination of the systems tracts and special tectonic-depositional setting causally underpin multiple sequence stratigraphic framework styles seen in the carbonates of the back-arc basin revealing: (1) a continental margin basin that developed some form of barrier, characterized by the development of multiple cycles of carbonate-evaporites; (2) a flat carbonate ramp, which occurred on the southern shelf formed by the lack of clastic supply from nearby magmatic islands plus mixed siliciclastics and carbonates that occurred on the northern shelf due to a sufficient clastics supply from the land; and (3) a forced regressive stratigraphic stacking pattern that occured on the southern shelf and in basin lows due to the uplifting of the southern shelf. Thick and widespread aggradational framework limestone usually occurs in the initial sequences (S1 and S3) of the supersequence, which led to preferential oil reservoir deposition but a lack of source and cap rocks, whereas the retrogradational and progradational framework limestone usually occurs in the later sequences (S2 and S4-S5) of the supersequence, which results in two perfect sets of source, reservoir and cap rock assemblies, so that the limestone in sub-member C2-C4 and the F-Member can be predicted as important objects for oil exploration.     

Upwelling Process of the Western Himalaya Mountains: Height and Velocity Estimation Evidenced by Formation and Evolution of the Zanda Basin,Tibet,China

<正>Based on field geological survey,stratigraphic section measurement and indoor comprehensive investigation,the Zanda Basin's tectonic location in the Himalaya Plate was ascertained,and the formation and evolution of the Zanda Basin during the Pliocene to Early Pleistocene was classified as six stages:(a) primary rift-faulting stage,(b) quick rift-faulting Stage,(c) intensive rift-faulting stage,(d) stasis stage,(e) secondary rift-faulting stage,and(f) secondary quick rift-faulting stage.Based on this six-staged formation-evolution theory of the Zanda Basin,the upwelling process of the Western Himalaya Mountains from the Pliocene to Early Pleistocene was classified as the following five stages:(a) slow upwelling stage(5.4-4.4 Ma),(b) mid-velocity upwelling stage(4.4-3.5 Ma),(c) quick upwelling stage(3.5-3.2 Ma),(d) upwelling-ceasing stage(3.2-2.7 Ma), and(e) quick upwelling stage(2.7 Ma).Research has shown that in the duration from the Early Pliocene(4.7 Ma) to the End of Pliocene(2.67 Ma),which lasted 2.03 million years,the Himalaya Mountains had uplifted 1500 m at a velocity of 0.74 mm/a;this belongs to a mid-velocity upwelling. During the 1.31 million years in the Early Stage of the Early Pleistocene,the Himalaya Mountains had risen up another 1500 m at a velocity of 1.15 mm/a;this is a rather quick upwelling.All of these data have shown that the upwelling of the Western Himalaya Mountains is along a complicated process with multi-stages,multi-velocities,and non-uniformitarian features.     

Petroleum System of the Fula Depression at the Muglad Basin in the Central African Fault Zone

Petroleum system theory has been used to study characteristics of the Fula depression in the Central African fault zone.In this system,deep lacustrine facies mudstone in the Abu Gabra For-mation of the Lower Cretaceous is a very good source rock,thick deltaic facies sandstone of the Abu Gabra Formation and fluvial facies sandstone of the Bentiu Formation are good reservoir beds,and the mudstone in the Upper Cretaceous Darfur Group is the regional cap rock.The oil search mode and fault block trap seal-off co...     

ΔlgR测井源岩评价方法的改进及其在松辽盆地的应用

通过引进新的测井源岩评价技术△lgR基线表达式(记为△lgR'基线),实现△lgR测井源岩分析的全自动化.测井源岩评价技术应用于松辽盆地青山口组源岩的研究表明:△lgR'基线在青山口组差异小,均值约为2.4,与青山口组时期稳定的湖相沉积环境是相符的;总有机碳质量分数(ω(TOC))与△lgR的关系系数α并非严格对应的关...     

松辽盆地南部片钠铝石形成与碎屑长石的成因联系

含片钠铝石砂岩通常以富长石类型为主(岩屑长石砂岩,长石岩屑砂岩,长石砂岩)。为揭示片钠铝石与长石之间的主要赋存关系及长石在片钠铝石形成过程中所做的贡献,通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及阴极发光等镜下观察方法对松辽盆地南部红岗地区含片钠铝石砂岩进行了岩石学系统研究。本区片钠铝石主要以充填孔隙及交代颗粒的形式产出,其中片钠铝石交代斜长石的现象明显多于交代钾长石,片钠铝石交代斜长石初期优先沿其双晶缝向内生长,有些甚至完全交代斜长石而呈现交代假象。整体上片钠铝石含量与长石含量呈负相关关系。长石的溶蚀溶解为片钠铝石的形成提供Na+、Al 3+,由于各类长石的热力学性质存在差异,钾长石发生溶蚀溶解的速率及程度会明显低于斜长石,因此斜长石对形成片钠铝石的离子贡献大于钾长石。