云南墨江金矿床含金石英脉中流体包裹体的地球化学特征及其意义

本文对含金石英脉中流体包裹体进行了研究 ,结果表明主阶段石英中流体包裹体均一温度为 1 2 2～ 30 6℃ ,存在两个区间分别为 1 30～ 2 2 0℃、2 5 0～ 2 70℃ ,均一温度在水平和垂直方向存在规律性变化 ,盐度主要集中在3%～8%NaCl范围内 ,密度为 0 .80～ 0 .95g/cm3 ,流体包裹体具有相对稳定的气液比 ,流体包裹体气液相成分与典型的岩浆水和大气降水不同。结合氢氧锶和稀有气体同位素研究 ,认为墨江金矿成矿流体曾发生过部分地幔流体、大气降水等多种类型水不充分的混合 ,水岩反应和多种流体混合可能为墨江金矿矿质迁移沉淀主要机制。结合哀牢山金矿带成矿流体类似性和流体包裹体特征分析认为墨江金矿深部可能存在有含金石英脉型矿体。     

热带东太平洋海温与北半球大气臭氧层的遥相关结构

统计分析了１月份、７月份热带东太平洋海温同北半球大气Ｏ３层之间的季节性相互联系以及海温导致的Ｏ３导遥相关的空间结构。结果发现：１月份海温与Ｏ３层的空间相关区域明显地不同于７月份，并且相关符号呈相反趋势，因而由不同季节海温导致Ｏ３层的遥相关型也不相同。此外，海温对Ｏ３层的变化存在着持续的影响，导致不同季节海温对Ｏ３层的影响效果产生叠加，使Ｏ３层对海温的响应表现出十分明显的波列结构特征。表明了热带东太     

东伙房金矿中黄铁矿和石英的某些标型特征及其找矿意义

主要对黄铁矿及石英的某些标型特征进行研究，并推测成矿的有利部位，研究发现，本区成矿阶段的黄铁矿为ｎ＋ｐ混合型，ｐ型含量愈高，矿化愈好，金品位高值区与热电系数标志值５００～７００部位吻合，主成矿阶段出现（１００）＋（３２１）＋（２１０）＋（３２１）及（１００）＋（２１０）＋（１１１）黄铁矿聚形，石英热发光强度大（大于０．５Ｒ）发光曲线峰多（双峰），总积分强度大于４．３Ｒ是本区主成矿阶段的一个标志。     

地幔中水的赋存状态的研究进展

地幔水不仅对地球物理场的性质有重要影响，而且对地球化学动力学，地幔横向不均一性、地幔对流、低速层、板块俯冲、相平衡、熔融行为、深部地质灾害以及成矿作用等都具有重要意义，因此，地幔水的研究早已引起人们的重视。为了探讨水在地幔过程中的作用，必须搞清楚水的赋存状态。研究表明，地幔中水的储存形式主要有三种：以ＯＨ形式储存的矿物中，以自由相形式存在以及溶解在熔体中，本文对地幔中水的赋存状态研究进展作了综述，     

Tectonic Environments of Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks in China and Characteristics of the Source Regions in the Mantle

Extensive volcanism is one of the important features of Cenozoic geology in China.Based on temporal-spatial distribution,the volcanism was associated with three major different geological settings:1)the continental rift basalts in Northeast and North China;2)the tension-fault basalts on the continental margins of Southeast China; and 3) the collision-zone high-K volcanics in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its vicinities.The characteristics of “depletion in the south and enrichment in the north“of the China continental mantle are strongly supported by isotopic evidence.The Cenozoic continental cal characters,into the following geochemical provinces:1)the depleted mantle in South China;2)the primary mantle in Northeast and NorthChina; 3)the hybrid and transi-tional mantle in the region of Shandong ,Anhui,Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang;4)the depleted mantle around the Bohai Bay and the Lower Liaohe River;5)the K-metasomatic enriched mantle in the northern part of Northeast China;and 6)the re-cycled enriched mantle in the ancient subduction zone in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surround-ings.These geochemical characteristics on a regional scale must be a reflection of the nature of lithosphere evolution.     

Evaporation of Accretion Disks around Black Holes: The Disk-Corona Transition and the Connection to the Advection-dominated Accretion Flow

We apply the disk-corona evaporation model (Meyer & Meyer-Hofmeister) originally derived for dwarf novae to black hole systems. This model describes the transition of a thin cool outer disk to a hot coronal flow. The mass accretion rate determines the location of this transition. For a number of well-studied black hole binaries, we take the mass flow rates derived from a fit of the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) model to the observed spectra (for a review, see Narayan, Mahadevan, & Quataert) and determine where the transition of accretion via a cool disk to a coronal flow/ADAF would be located for these rates. We compare this with the observed location of the inner disk edge, as estimated from the maximum velocity of the Halpha emission line. We find that the transition caused by evaporation agrees with this determination in stellar disks. We also show that the ADAF and the "thin outer disk + corona" are compatible in terms of the physics in the transition region.     

γ射线噪Blazar天体中尘埃的作用

利用具有多波段谱指数及流量观测资料的５９ 个Ｂｌａｚａｒ 天体作为样本,我们研究了各波段流量之间,谱指数之间的可能的相关性。新的可能的限制已从理论上进行了深入地讨论。结果暗示：（１） 同步自康普顿机制是Ｂｌａｚａｒ 天体γ射线辐射的主要机制。（２） 相对论电子与吸收积盘热光子的逆康普顿散射是Ｂｌａｚａｒ 天体γ射线产生的另一个重要机制。（３）ＢＬＬａｃ 天体不是“纯非热辐射”的天体,它们也具有强的热辐射。     

台湾海峡及其两岸的地球动力学环境

本文根据断层的力学性质、活动习性、褶皱、断陷盆地、平原、海湾的形成机理,火山活动、水系分布格局,震源机制解、地壳形变场、ＧＰＳ观测成果和ＥＤＭ（光电测距）资料等,对比研究了台湾海峡及其两岸现今的地球动力学环境。结果表明：台湾海峡处在北西方向引张的应力环境;台湾地区受到来自太平洋菲律宾海板块向北西方向的挤压和因台湾海峡下降而产生的向南东方向的挤压;福建沿海则受到印度板块向北向东的挤压和太平洋菲律宾海板块向北西方向的挤压以及台湾海峡下降而产生的向北西方向的挤压。     

Mapping multiple tree species classes using a hierarchical procedure with optimized node variables and thresholds based on high spatial resolution satellite data

ABSTRACT

Tree species distribution mapping using remotely sensed data has long been an important research area. However, previous studies have rarely established a comprehensive and efficient classification procedure to obtain an accurate result. This study proposes a hierarchical classification procedure with optimized node variables and thresholds to classify tree species based on high spatial resolution satellite imagery. A classification tree structure consisting of parent and leaf nodes was designed based on user experience and visual interpretation. Spectral, textural, and topographic variables were extracted based on pre-segmented images. The random forest algorithm was used to select variables by ranking the impact of all variables. An iterating approach was used to optimize variables and thresholds in each loop by comprehensively considering the test accuracy and selected variables. The threshold range for each selected variable was determined by a statistical method considering the mean and standard deviation for two subnode types at each parent node. Classification of tree species was implemented using the optimized variables and thresholds. The results show that (1) the proposed procedure can accurately map the tree species distribution, with an overall accuracy of over 86% for both training and test stages; (2) critical variables for each class can be identified using this proposed procedure, and optimal variables of most tree plantation nodes are spectra related; (3) the overall forest classification accuracy using the proposed method is more accurate than that using the random forest (RF) and classification and regression tree (CART). The proposed approach provides results with 3.21% and 7.56% higher overall land cover classification accuracy and 4.68% and 10.28% higher overall forest classification accuracy than RF and CART, respectively.     

新疆阿尔泰—准噶尔北缘晚古生代构造演化和内生金属矿床成矿系列

阿尔泰是中亚成矿域重要的内生金属矿产集中区,该矿集区晚古生代发育有 5类内生摘金属要矿床：1）块状硫化物Cu-Pb-Zn矿床,2）斑岩型Cu-Au矿床,3）岩浆 Cu-Ni硫化物矿床,4）矽卡岩型Cu-Mo-Fe矿床,5）造山型金矿床和伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。在构造上,这些矿床的形成与阿尔泰造山带俯冲—增生作用密切相关。阿尔泰晚古生代矿床的形成可以划分为3个主要阶段：Ⅰ）早-中泥盆世,沿阿尔泰南缘古生代活动大陆边缘弧后伸展,导致在阿尔泰西部琼库尔—塔拉特地质体中形成的多金属火山成因块状硫化物矿床,以及阿尔泰东段铁—铜矽卡岩矿床;Ⅱ）石炭纪—二叠纪的地体增生和弧岩浆作用,在布尔津—二台和额尔齐斯地体中形成了广泛分布的斑岩型矿床、岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床,在额尔齐斯地体中形成的铜铁矽卡岩矿床;Ⅲ）早二叠世的持续增生导致阿尔泰南部的杜拉特岛弧形成,并伴随有矽卡岩铜钼矿床和造山型金矿的形成;晚二叠世阿尔泰地区进入造山带演化阶段,并发生区域动力热流变质作用和片麻岩穹隆,伴随有花岗岩化和重熔岩浆活动和大量伟晶岩矿床的形成。晚古生代阿尔泰南缘的俯冲—增生构造演化过程,导致了不同类型内生金属矿床的形成,构成了我国重要的内生金属矿集区和矿山后备基地。