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991.
992.
四川省武都水库右岸EL574 m灌浆平洞揭露出厚度2.3~9.8 m的粉细砂层,普通水泥高压灌浆无法形成可靠的防渗帷幕。采用高压旋喷、湿磨细水泥、化学灌浆的组合处理方式,取得了较好的施工效果。通过钻孔压水、大功率声波CT、单孔声波、钻孔全景数字成像等方法检测,表明达到了设计防渗要求。 相似文献
993.
某火山岩矿区由于受后期构造影响,含水介质除了发育成岩裂隙-孔洞外,还发育有多组构造裂隙和剪切破碎带。抽水试验显示:抽水早期(≤6min)各观测孔的降深明显大于泰斯理论降深(单重均质),中后期(6min)趋于一致,呈现出双重含水介质的释水特征。本次研究在充分分析双重介质释水机理的基础上,结合时间步长为20s的高分辨率降深资料,采用分段泰斯模型进行了水文地质参数的识别。结果表明:剪切破碎带等强导水介质的弹性给水度略小于成岩裂隙-孔洞弱导水介质的弹性给水度;但导水系数相差很大,强导水介质一般为5 590~6 130m2/d,而弱导水介质仅715~743m2/d,这必然会导致未来矿山开拓过程中初见涌水量和稳定涌水量的显著差异,需要引起足够的重视。 相似文献
994.
This work aims to quantify sulfate ion concentrations in the system Na2SO4-H2O using Raman micro-spectroscopy.Raman spectra of sodium sulfate solutions with known concentrations were collected at ambient temperature(293 K) and in the 500 cm1-4000 cm-1 spectral region.The results indicate that the intensity of the SO42- band increases with increasing concentrations of sulfate ion.A linear correlation was found between the concentration of SO42-(c) and parameter I1,which represents the ratio of the area of the SO42- band to that of the O-H stretching band of water(As/Aw):I1=-0.00102+0.01538 c.Furthermore,we deconvoluted the O-H stretching band of water(2800 cm-1-3800 cm-1) at 3232 and 3430 cm-1 into two sub-Gaussian bands,and then defined Raman intensity of the two sub-bands as ABi(3232 cm-1) and AB2(3430 cm-1),defined the full width of half maximum(FWHM) of the two sub-bands as WB1(3232 cm-1) and WB2(3430 cm-1).A linear correlation between the concentration of SO42-(c) and parameter I2,which represents the ratio of Raman intensity of SO42-(As)(in 981 cm-1) to(AB1+AB2),was also established:I2=-0.0111+0.3653 c.However,no correlations were found between concentration of SO42-(c) and FWHM ratios,which includes the ratio of FWHM of SO42-(Ws) to WB1 WB2 and WB1+B2(the sum of WB1 and WB2),suggesting that FWHM is not suitable for quantitative studies of sulfate solutions with Raman spectroscopy.A comparison of Raman spectroscopic studies of mixed Na2SO4 and NaCI solutions with a constant SO42- concentration and variable CI- concentrations suggest that the I\ parameter is affected by CI-,whereas the I2 parameter was not.Therefore,even if the solution is not purely Na2SO4-H2O,SO42- concentrations can still be calculated from the Raman spectra if the H2O band is deconvoluted into two sub-bands,making this method potentially applicable to analysis of natural fluid inclusions. 相似文献
995.
MA Fujun WANG Qiujun DONG Junling YANG Yi WANG Wenji YAN Defei SUN Bainian 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1453-1469
The present paper reports two new species of Buxus from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China, on the basis of several compressed fossil leaves. Buxus ningmingensis sp. nov. is characterized by an elliptic to ovate shape; pinnate venation with marginal secondary, long hairs on the adaxial side of the midvein base; and amphistomatic, anomocytic stomata with a prominent outer ring. All of these characteristics suggest a closest af?nity to the living Buxus microphylla subsp. sinica. Another new species identi?ed as Buxus preaustro-yunnanensis sp. nov. is characterized by the diagnostic formation of its admedially branched tertiaries, the trunks of which are often strongly thickened by sclereides. This species is most similar to the extant Buxus austro-yunnanensis. The co-occurrence of Buxus ningmingensis sp. nov. and Buxus preaustro-yunnanensis sp. nov. suggests that these two Buxus lived during the Oligocene under a warm, tropical to subtropical climate, similar to the current climate of Ningming. Our ?ndings provide the earliest fossil evidence of Buxus leaves with detailed illustrations of leaf architectural and cuticular features. The occurrence of these two species indicates that Buxus began to diversify in Guangxi no later than the Oligocene. 相似文献
996.
In Europe, fossil fruits and seeds of Rhodoleia (Hamamelidaceae) have been described from the Upper Cretaceous to the Miocene, whereas no fossil record of Rhodoleia has been reported in Asia, where the modern species occur. Herein, 21 fossil leaves identified as Rhodoleia tengchongensis sp. nov. are described from the Upper Pliocene of Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The fossils exhibit elliptic lamina with entire margins, simple brochidodromous major secondary veins, mixed percurrent intercostal tertiary veins, and looped exterior tertiaries. The leaf cuticle is characterized by pentagonal or hexagonal cells, stellate multicellular trichomes, and paracytic stomata. The combination of leaf architecture and cuticular characteristics suggests that the fossil leaves should be classified into the genus Rhodoleia. The fossil distributions indicate that the genus Rhodoleia might originate from Central Europe, and that migrated to Asia prior to the Late Pliocene. Additionally, insect damage is investigated, and different types of damage, such as hole feeding, margin feeding, surface feeding, and galling, are observed on the thirteen fossil leaves. Based on the damage frequencies for the fossil and extant leaves, the specific feeding behavior of insects on Rhodoleia trees appears to have been established as early as the Late Pliocene. The high occurrence of Rhodoleia insect herbivory may attract the insect-foraging birds, thereby increasing the probability of pollination. 相似文献
997.
YANG Minghui LI Liang ZHOU Jin JIA Huichong SUN Xiao GONG Ting DING Chao 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1636-1648
The hydrocarbon potential of the Hangjinqi area in the northern Ordos Basin is not well known, compared to the other areas of the basin, despite its substantial petroleum system.Restoration of a depth-converted seismic profile across the Hangjinqi Fault Zone(HFZ) in the eastern Hangjinqi area shows one compression that created anticlinal structures in the Late Triassic, and two extensions in ~Middle Jurassic and Late Early Cretaceous, which were interrupted by inversions in the Late Jurassic–Early Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous, respectively.Hydrocarbon generation at the well locations in the Central Ordos Basin(COB) began in the Late Triassic.Basin modeling of Well Zhao-4 suggests that hydrocarbon generation from the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian coal measures of the northern Shanbei Slope peaked in the Early Cretaceous, predating the inversion in the Late Cretaceous.Most source rocks in the Shanbei Slope passed the main gas-migration phase except for the Hangjinqi area source rocks(Well Jin-48).Hydrocarbons generated from the COB are likely to have migrated northward toward the anticlinal structures and traps along the HFZ because the basin-fill strata are dipping south.Faulting that continued during the extensional phase(Late Early Cretaceous) of the Hangjinqi area probably acted as conduits for the migration of hydrocarbons.Thus, the anticlinal structures and associated traps to the north of the HFZ might have trapped hydrocarbons that were charged from the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian coal measures in the COB since the Middle Jurassic. 相似文献
998.
The Tongshankou Cu-Mo deposit, located in southeast Hubei province, is a typical skarn–porphyry type ore deposit closely related to the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry, characterized by a high Sr/Y ratio.Detailed in situ analyses of the trace elements and U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopes in zircons from the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry were performed.Scarcely any inherited zircons were observed, and the analyzed zircons yielded highly concordant results with a weighted mean 206Pb/238 U age of 143.5 ± 0.45 Ma(n=20, mean square weighted deviation was 0.75), which was interpreted to represent the crystallization age of the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry.The chondrite-normalized rare-earth element pattern was characterized by a slope that steeply rises from the light-group rare-earth elements(LREE) to the heavy-group rare-earth elements(HREE) with a positive Ce-anomaly and inconspicuous Eu-anomaly, which was coincident with the pattern of the zircons from the Chuquicamata West porphyry, Chile.The analyzed zircons also had relatively low 176Hf/177 Hf ratios of 0.282526–0.282604.Assuming t=143 Ma, the corresponding calculated initial Hf isotope compositions(εHf(t)) ranged from-5.6 to-2.9.The results of the in situ analysis of trace elements and U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopes in zircons from the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry suggest that a deep-seated process involving a thickened-crust/enriched-mantle interaction may play an important role in the generation of high Sr/Y-ratio magma and potentially in the generation of porphyry Cu-Mo systems. 相似文献
999.
XIONG Xiaohui XIAO Jiafei HU Ruizhong WANG Jian WANG Yi WANG Xinsong DENG Qi 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(6):2012-2029
This paper presents a set of bulk geochemical and mineralogical data from a paleoweathering profile located in Zunyi District, Northern Guizhou, China. It was formed at the top of the Hanjiadian Formation of the Lower Silurian. A truncated, argillic, gleyed, kryptic paleospodosol is recognized in the paleoweathering profile. Ratios of immobile elements (Ti/Zr, Ti/Al) and their binary (e.g., Nb vs. Zr/TiO2 and Th/Sc vs. Zr/Sc), triangular diagrams (La-Th-Sc, Th-Sc-Zr/10, Zr-Cr-Ga) reflect that the Gaojiayan paleosol is the product of in-situ weathering of gray-green silty mudstone of the underlying Hanjiadian Formation. Mass balance calculations indicate K enrichment and Na enrichment in the upper and lower portions of paleosol, respectively. These findings both are the results of transgression, which brings substantial concentrations of such elements as K, Na, and Sr. In particular, K enrichment is achieved by the illitization of kaolinite. The biological processes of terrestrial vascular plants also enhance K concentration, especially at the top of the paleosol. Na enrichment is a consequence of albitization and/or adsorption by clay minerals through cation exchange. The mass distributions and relative mass changes of rare earth elements (REEs) in the studied profile display characteristics of vertical zonation. Three peaks in total REEs content are observed, indicating two paleoclimatic or paleoenvironmental changes. Mineralogical characteristics indicate that the paleoclimate changed first from warm and humid to cold and dry and later, to dry and lightly warmer. The corresponding soil environment varies from weakly acidic to strongly alkaline and later, to weakly acidic. Mass translocation characteristics of REEs and several transition metals suggest that the Gaojiayan paleosol may have undergone top erosion. 相似文献
1000.
<正>The newly-discovered Xiyi lead-zinc deposit is a large deposit located in the north central Baoshan block of the southern Sanjiang metallogenic belt section,Southwest China.The surface of the deposit is mainly covered by 相似文献