基于规则引擎的空间数据分发服务研究

随着观测技术的进步及计算机信息技术的发展,地理信息应用不断向各行业扩展.地理空间信息服务方面出现了信息资源供需矛盾,一方面,测绘专业部门拥有丰富的空间信息数据;另一方面,各行业的特定需求难以满足.如何提高地球空间信息服务的质量和效率,使已有的测绘成果在各行业应用中得到更好的应用,借助飞速发展的计算机技术已成为一种趋势.本文研究并分析了地球空间信息服务的特征和分类,对目前在各行业广泛应用的规则引擎技术进行了研究,提出了将规则引擎技术应用到空间信息服务的方式和关键技术,并设计了基于分布式计算的空间规则引擎,将其应用到地理空间信息向特定行业应用提供空间数据分发服务的应用系统中.以空间规则引擎为核心,构建了面向行业应用的空间数据服务模型,并进行了原型系统设计,通过空间规则引擎,提高了测绘专业部门向其他特定行业提供空间数据分发服务的时效性,满足了特定行业对空间信息特殊、多变的需求.     

现代大地测量学中的时间系统及其转换

现代大地测量学中的时间系统分为原子时系统和世界时系统两大类。原子时系统包括坐标时TCB和TCG、力学时TDB和TT,它们之间的转换公式主要是基于相对论框架得到的。世界时系统包括UT1、ERA、GMST、GST、LMST、LST等,它们之间的转换公式主要是基于地球自转、岁差-章动模型得到的。TAI是原子时的具体实现,UTC是连接原子时和世界时的桥梁。本文根据时间系统间的转换公式,计算了原子时系统彼此之间的差值序列,以及相关世界时系统在IERS 2003、2010规范间的差值序列,并分析了这些差值序列的特点。     

测震miniSEED格式数据在线实时展示方法研究和Java实现

本文介绍了一种基于Java语言的测震miniSEED格式数据的解压缩方法和数据实时展示程序。程序能够通过Java的socket接口接入测震流服务器,自动接收liss数据流并解压缩测震miniSEED格式数据。使用队列与缓冲池技术将解压缩的数据分流、过滤,并以ASCII码的数据形式进行存储,最终通过web对数据进行实时发布,以提供测震波形数据实时在线服务。     

华北地区GPS基准站坐标时间序列噪声特征研究

利用华北地区GPS连续运行基准站网络2008-08~2013-04观测数据,分析36个基准站坐标时间序列的噪声特征。利用区域堆栈滤波方法对GPS单日解坐标时间序列进行共性误差剔除,使用极大似然估计准则定量估计坐标时间序列的噪声特性,并分析有色噪声对测站计算速度的影响。结果表明,华北地区GPS基准站坐标时间序列的共性误差在N、E和U方向分别约为1 mm、1 mm和3 mm,且共性误差具有类似闪烁噪声的特性;共性误差剔除前,坐标时间序列的噪声特性可以用可变白噪声加闪烁噪声模型或可变白噪声加幂律噪声模型来描述;共性误差剔除后降低了坐标时间序列噪声中闪烁噪声的成分,突出了本地效应部分噪声,坐标时间序列的噪声特性可以用可变白噪声加闪烁噪声和随机漫步噪声模型或可变白噪声加幂律噪声模型来描述;最优噪声模型计算的速度误差比仅考虑可变白噪声所计算的速度误差增大5~8倍;剔除共性误差,可使测站速度的精度获得40%左右的提高。     

高阶电离层改正对PPP对流层估计的影响

对观测量进行高阶电离层改正,利用改正后的观测量求解卫星轨道和卫星钟差,根据所得的卫星轨道和卫星钟差来计算其余测站的对流层。结果显示,二阶电离层在低纬度地区很容易达到1 cm,可使对流层引起2～3 mm的误差。而三阶电离层在低纬度地区一般不超过5 mm,对对流层的影响不会超过0.5 mm。数据测试表明,要获取1 mm精度的对流层,中低纬度地区的二阶电离层必须进行改正,而三阶电离层可以忽略不计。     

Method of identifying absorption systems in quasar spectra. II. Application to OQ 172 and discussion

1. According to the principle and procedure given in Ref. [1], we have identified the absorption systems in the spectrum of the high-redshift quasar OQ 172 (PKS 1442 + 101). Four systems were found. Their redshifts are 2.07010, 2.56312, 0.17546 and 0.17910. 2. We have checked the model of random identification in Ref. [1] using Monte Carlo methods [2]. The results were satisfactory. 3. We discuss the advantages of the method of [1] and the problems that await further investigation. It is stressed that the method of [1] avoids certain selection effects that affect the usual methods.     

微重力方法在考古工程中的应用：——明茂陵地下陵殿探查

根据微重力和重力垂直梯度方法对已知地下物质体（定陵地下宫殿）的验测所取得的信息与经验，对于地下未知物质体（茂陵的地下建筑物）进行了探测。在微重力探查的基础上，预测了茂陵地下陵殿的分布形态，所在位置等。此结果可供有关考古部门参考使用，同时也表明微重力方法在考古工程方面具有很广的应用前景和实用价值。     

Applying a Ruggiero three-stage super-efficiency DEA model to gauge regional carbon emission efficiency: evidence from China

China’s climate change mitigation strategies and efforts are based on accurate regional carbon emission efficiency (CEE) estimates. Decision-making units which are all data envelopment analysis (DEA)-effective cannot be ranked by using the original DEA model. While previous studies omit environmental factors when gauging resources or environmental efficiency. In this study, we combine a Ruggiero three-stage model with a super-efficiency DEA model (SE-DEA) to solve these two problems. Following this method, we consider environmental factors and thereby compare provincial CEE in China in the new production frontier. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) provincial CEE values differ significantly in the first stage and the third stage; (2) in the third stage, only Eastern China reaches the SE-DEA relatively effective level, where CEE rankings in descending order are: Eastern, Central, and Western China; (3) provinces are divided into four categories in terms of provincial CEE values and per-capita GDPs, and therefore, regional climate and development policies could be oriented due to different categories. This efficiency evaluation methodology and the results obtained in our study not only contribute to understanding this issue, but also could be of specific interest to climate change policy makers in China.     

Origin of Peridotites and Chromitites in the Pozanti-kar Santi Ophiolite, Turkey

The Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite(PKO)in Turkey’s eastern Tauride belt comprises mantle peridotites,ultramafic to mafic cumulates,isotropic gabbros,sheeted dikes and pillow lavas.The mantle peridotites are dominated by spinel harzburgites with minor dunites.The harzburgites and dunites have quite depleted mineral and whole-rock chemical composition,suggesting high degrees of partial melting.Their PGEs vary from Pd-depleted to distinct Pd-enriched patterns,implying the crystallization of interstitial sulphides from sulphur-saturated melts(e.g.MORB-like forearc basalt).U-shaped or spoon-shaped REE patterns indicate that the PKO peridotites may have also been metasomatized by the LREE-enriched fluids released from a subducting slab in a suprasubduction zone.Based on the mineral and whole-rock chemical compositions,the PKO peridotites show affinities to forearc peridotites.Chromitites occur both in the mantle peridotites and the mantle-crust transition zone horizon(MTZ).Chromitites from the two different horizons have different textures but similar mineral compositions,consistent with typical high-Cr chromitites.Chromitites hosted by mantle harzburgites generally have higher total platinum-group element(PGE)contents than those of the MTZ chromitites.However,both chromitites show similar chondritenormalized PGE patterns characterized by clear IPGEs,Rh-enrichments relative to Pt and Pd.Such PGE patterns indicate no or only minor crystallization of Pt-and Pd enriched sulphides during formation of chromitites from a sulphur-undersaturated melt(e.g.boninitic or island arc tholeiitic melt).Dunite enveloping chromitite lenses in the ho*s ting harzburgite resulted from melt-rock reaction.We have performed mineral separation work on samples of podiform chromitite hosted by harzburgites.So far,more than200 grains of microdiamond and more than 100 grains of moissanite(Si C)have been separated from podiform chromitites.These minerals have been identified by EDX and Laser Raman analyses.The diamonds and moissanite are accompanied by large amounts of rutile.Additionally,zircon,monazite and sulphides are also common phases within the heavy mineral separates.Both diamond and moissanite have been analyzed for carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition using the CARMECA 1280-HR large geometry Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer at the Helmholtz Zentrum Potsdam.In total,61δ13CPDB results for diamond were acquired,exhibiting a range from-28.4‰to-18.8‰.31δ13CPDB results for Moissanite vary between-30.5‰to-27.2‰,with a mean value of-29.0‰.Diamond has relatively large variation in nitrogen isotopic composition with 40δ15NAIR results ranging from-19.1‰to 16.6‰.The discovery of diamond,moissanite and the other unusual minerals from podiform chromitite of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite provides new support for the genesis of ophiolitic peridotites and chromitites under high-pressure and ultra-high reducing conditions.Considering the unusual minerals,the high Mg#silicate inclusions,and the needle-shaped exsolutions in the PKO chromitites,the parental melts of these chromitites may have been mixed with deep asthenospheric basaltic melts that had assimilated materials of the descending slab when passing through the slab in a subduction zone environment.We suggest melt-rock reactions,magma mixing and assimilation may have triggered the oversaturation of chromites and the formation of PKO chromitites.     

中国南海水下文化遗产的形成条件、探测与保护探讨

中国南海拥有丰富的水下文化遗产资源,具有重要的价值和意义。文章论述南海水下文化遗产的形成条件,分析南海水下文化遗产的探测现状,阐述南海水下文化遗产的保护进展,指出当前南海水下文化遗产保护工作所面临的问题,最后提出南海水下文化遗产探测的展望与保护的对策建议。