北京密云沙厂环斑花岗岩杂岩体黑钨矿钐—钕同位素研究

鉴于缺少可直接用于同位素测年的金属矿物,许多钨矿床的成矿时代大多数是悬而未决的地质难题。本文以我国著名北京密云沙厂环斑花岗质杂岩体内产出的黑钨矿为研究对象,对钨矿床的形成年龄进行了测定,8件黑钨矿Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄为1430±93Ma(2σ),Nd初始比值为0.510992±3(2σ)和ε_(Nd)(1430Ma)为-10.5±0.84(2σ),这是迄今在我国测定到的最老的钨矿床成矿年龄。通过对全国已有钨矿床同位素年龄数据的对比分析,并且结合它们的地质与地球化学特征,可以认为,我国最古老的钨矿床很可能形成于中元古代,而并非是古生代。另外,密云沙厂地区钨矿床的成矿作用与中元古代富矿碱性岩浆活动有关。     

成岩带、近变质带与一维纳米级层状硅酸盐

运用X射线衍射分析技术，计算了成岩带、近变质带粘土矿物C^*方向的粒度。根据阿尔卑斯造山带前陆碎屑岩粘土矿物粒度与伊利石结晶指数的关系，推导出了伊利石、绿泥石、蒙脱石、伊蒙混层、高岭石和叶蜡石的c^*方向粒度变化趋势曲线。结果表明，大多数产于成岩带和近变质带的粘矿物其c6*方向粒工为几至几十纳米。成岩带和近为质带是一维天然纳为级土帮物的产地。     

塔河油田奥陶系油藏的储层特征和成因机理探讨

本文通过岩心、录井、测井、测试资料的综合研究，在塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩剖面上识别出5类性质有别的储层（洞穴型、风化裂隙型、构造裂隙型、滩相颗粒灰岩溶蚀孔隙型、地表残积带裂隙-孔隙型），阐述了各类储层的储集性能及发育分布特征，并对碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用机制及岩溶洞穴型的发育控制因素进行了探讨。指出在不整合面下0～250m的深度内，区域性发育3套洞穴型储层，洞穴型储层的发育是油气高产、稳产的关键，风化裂隙型储层主要集中在海西早期不整合侵蚀面附近及洞穴层上下；构造裂隙型储层发育分布具有普遍性，海西早期构造裂隙发育状况与洞穴层发育状况之间有着良好的匹配关系，滩相颗粒灰岩溶蚀孔隙性储层具有相控和层控的特征，主要发育在塔河油田南平台-间房组上部（礁）滩相储集体中，岩溶洞穴层发育主要受岩溶地貌及裂缝发育程度控制，岩溶缓坡（特别是其上的丘丛）与阿克库勒凸起轴部的叠合部位是岩溶最发育的地区。     

A Preliminary Study of the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone in the South China Sea

Based on the analysis of sea-bottom temperature and geothermal gradient, and by means of the phase boundary curve of gas hydrate and the sea-bottom temperature versus water depth curve in the South China Sea, this paper studies the temperature and pressure conditions for gas hydrate to keep stable. In a marine environment, methane hydrate keeps stable at water depths greater than 550 m in the South China Sea. Further, the thickness of the gas hydrate stability zone in the South China Sea was calculated by using the phase boundary curve and temperature-depth equations. The result shows that gas hydrate have a better perspective in the southeast of the Dongsha Islands, the northeast of the Xisha Islands and the north of the Nansha Islands for thicker stability zones.     

A New Method for Clay Mineral Analysis and Its Application in Geology

X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks in a low-angle diffraction section of clay minerals, especially those of authigenic origin, have broadening and tailing features in shape. Using the five basic parameters, peak position, peak height, width, shape coefficient and asymmetry, to describe an XRD peak is more accurate, comprehensive and integrated than using only 3 of them, position, height and width. Following the concept of the five basic parameters of an XRD peak, the program Decoform proposed in this study provides more information in mineralogical analyses by fitting actual XRD profiles. In combination with the HW-IR plot, Decoform can be systematically and accurately used in the comprehensive analyses of crystallinity, domain size, lattice strain and quantitative phase. It is also of value for the geological investigations of diagenesis, metamorphism, basin maturity, structural stress field and so on.     

Geochemical Constraints of Sediments on the Provenance, Depositional Environment and Tectonic Setting of the Songliao Prototype Basin

The geochemistry of sediments is primarily controlled by their provenances, and different tectonic settings have distinctive provenance characteristics and sedimentary processes. So, it is possible to discriminate provenances, depositional environments and tectonic settings in the development of a sedimentary basin with the geochemistry of the clastic rocks. The analytical results of the present paper demonstrate that sediments in the Songliao prototype basin are enriched in silica (SiO2=66.48-80.51 %), and their ΣREE are 30-130 dmes of that of chondrite with remarkable Eu anomalies. In discriminating diagrams of Eu/Eu vs eeeeeREE and (La/Yb)N vs ΣREE, most samples locate above the line Eu/ Eu=l, on the right of the line Eu/Eu/ΣREE=1 and under the line La/Yb)N/eeeeeREE=1/8, which indicates that the depositional environment of sediments in the basin was oxidizing. In addition, variations of MgO, TiO2, A12O3, FeO+Fe2O3, Na2O and CaO vs SiO2 reflect a tendency of increasing mineral maturity of sediments     

The Shengli I Point Bar on the Yellow River Delta: Three-Dimensional Structures and Their Evolution

Point bars are well developed on the Yellow River delta, among which the Shengli I point bar is the most typical. The point bar, being about 4 km in length and several tens to more than 100 meters in width, is located on the south side of the Shengli Bridge in Kenli County, Dongying, Shandong. It is a typical fine-grained point bar with silt, which is predominant, some clay and minor plant debris and clay boulders. The Shengli I point bar has complicated 3-D structures. Firstly, in a plane view, it comprises mainly eight sedimentary units, bar edge, bar ridge, bar platform, bar plain, bar channel, bar gully, bar pond and bar bay, developing side by side and superimposed one by one in a complex way. Secondly, its vertical structures are very complex due to the partial superimposition of the 8 sedimentary units. Besides hydatogenesis, very intensive wind erosion, eolian, ice and meltwater actions are also visible on the Shengli I point bar. The complex form is made even more complicated because of the abo     

西藏札达盆地晚上新世古植被型分析

札达盆地晚上新世生长着以高山荒漠小灌木、草原、亚高山常绿针叶林和中低山常绿针叶林为主的植被。气候显示了从干旱寒冷至温暖湿润的垂向分异，总体偏于干、寒，属亚热带高山或亚高山类型。当时区内海拔已较高，南低北高的地势特征也已形成。古植被重建及现青藏高原的植被调查资料表明，当时盆地最低处的海拔可能不会超过2 500 m，其周围及北部可能存在海拔4 000 m的高地或更高的山峰。中、晚上新世迄今，该地区隆升的高度的可能不会超过1千米，幅度较喜马拉雅山中部地区小。     

两类埃达克岩(Adakite)的判别

埃达克岩是目前地学界的研究热点 ,普遍认为具有两种成因类型。在大量分析已经发表的两类埃达克岩资料的基础上 ,发现通过 Sr/Y- w (Y)散点图、Sr- Y× 10 - Zr三角图、Y/Yb- Sr/Y- L a/Yb三角图能够判别 , 类埃达克岩。     

塔里木盆地阿瓦提—满加尔低梁构造特征和形成演化

阿瓦提－满加尔低梁是介于阿瓦提凹陷与满加尔凹陷之间一个特殊的隆起构造，其在东西向上表现为宽缓的隆起形态，而在南北方向上则为凹陷面貌。该区沉积盖层可分为下、中、上3个构造层。下构造层由震旦系－泥盆系构成，所谓阿－满低梁主要即发育于该构造层。上构造层由白垩系－第四系构成，构造形态为－北西倾斜坡。由石炭系－三叠系构成的中构造层则是上、下构造层构造形态的过渡，总体上仍呈西北倾。阿－满低满自前震旦纪末塔里木运动以来经历了4大演化发展阶段：震旦纪－泥盆纪阿－满低梁形成发育阶段、石炭纪－三叠纪阿－满低梁改造阶段、侏罗纪－早第三纪北东倾斜坡发育阶段与晚第三纪－第四纪现今构造形成阶段。