Contrast in Fluid M etallogeny between the Tianmashan Au-S Deposit and the Datuanshan Cu Deposit in Tongling, Anhui Province

A comprehensive contrast of ore-forming geological background and ore-forming fluid features, especially fluid ore-forming processes, has been performed between the Tianmashan and the Datuanshan ore deposits in Tongling, Anhui Province. The major reasons for the formation of the stratabound skarn Au-S ore deposit in Tianmashan and the stratabound skarn Cu ore deposit in Datuanshan are analyzed in accordance with this contrast. The magmatic pluton in Tianmashan is rich in Au and poor in Cu, but that in Datuanshan is rich in Cu and Au. The wallrock strata in Tianmashan contain Au-bearing pyrite layers with some organic substance but those in Datuanshan contain no such layers. Moreover, the ore-forming fluids in Tianmashan are dominantly magmatic ones at the oxide and sulfide stages, but those with high content of Cu in Datuanshan are mainly groundwater fluids. In addition, differences in compositional evolution and physicochemical condition variation of the ore-forming fluids result in gradual dispersion     

~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar Dating of Deformation Events and Reconstruction of Exhumation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks in Donghai, East China

Recent investigations reveal that the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in the Donghai region of East China underwent ductile and transitional ductile-brittle structural events during their exhumation. The earlier ductile deformation took place under the condition of amphibolite facies and the later transitional ductile-brittle deformation under the condition of greenschist facies. The hanging walls moved southeastward during both of these two events. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of muscovites from muscovite-plagioclase schists in the Haizhou phosphorous mine, which are structurally overlain by UHPM rocks, yields a plateau age of 218.0±2.9 Ma and isochron age of 219.8Ma, indicating that the earlier event of the ampibolite-facies deformation probably took place about 220 Ma ago. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of oriented amphiboles parallel to the movement direction of the hanging wall on a decollement plane yields a plateau age of 213.1±0.3 Ma and isochron age of 213.4±4.1 Ma, probably representing the age o     

Re-Os Age of Cu-Ni Ores from the Huangshandong Cu-Ni Sulfide Deposit in the East Tianshan Mountains and Its Implication for Geodynamic Processes

An isochron age of 282±20 (95% conf. limit) Ma of the sulfide ores in the Huangshandong Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, the East Tianshan Mountains has been obtained through Re-Os isotopic measurement. The age implies that the Cu-Ni sulfide deposit and other related deposits in the same area occurred in a Permian extensional environment of post-collision instead of Devonian-Early Carboniferous ophiolite-related oceanic or island arc environments inferred before. It shares the same ages with the orogenic and epithermal gold deposit systems in the same area. An initial 187Os/188Os ratio of 0.25±0.04 (1σ) and a γos value of 99 on average display the participation of large quantities of crustal components into the rock-forming and ore-forming system during mineralization and magmatic emplacement.     

An X-Ray Diffraction Study of an Inclusion in Diamond from the Luobusha Chromite Deposit in Tibet, China

Diamond was found in podiform chromitites of ophiolite and harzburgite from Luobusha, Tibet. There are silicate inclusions in some diamond grains from this area. In the present work, the CCD (charge coupled detector) technology of X-ray powder diffraction was applied to the study of the inclusion in diamond from the ophiolite of Tibet. Diffraction patterns are obtained even though the inclusion is only 20 μm in crystal size. The results show that the inclusion in diamond consists of talc and clinochrysotile. Therefore, it is clear that the diamond from the ophiolite of Luobusha, Tibet, is natural diamond rather than a synthetic one.     

SHRIMP Age and Geochemistry of the Bikou Volcanic Terrane: Implications for Neoproterozoic Tectonics on the Northern Margin of the Yangtze Craton

The Bikou volcanic terrane is predominated by subalkaline tholeiitic lavas. Rock samples display lower initial ratios of Sr and Nd, 0.701248-0.704413 and 0.511080-0.512341 respectively. 207Pb and 208Pb are significantly enriched in the lavas. Most samples have positive εNd, which indicates that the magma was derived from EM-type mantle source, while a few samples with negative εNd indicate that there was contamination in the magma evolution. Magma differentiation is demonstrated by variations of LREE and LILE from depletion to enrichment. Additionally, normalized REE patterns and trace elements showed that lavas from the Bikou volcanic terrane have similar characteristics to those of basalts in arc settings caused by subduction and collision. Analyses showed that the Bikou volcanic terrane is a volcanic arc. New evidence proved that the Hengdan Group, north of the Bikou arc, is a turbidite terrane filling a forearc basin. Consequently, the Bikou volcanic terrane and the Hengdan turbidite terrane const     

An Experimental Calibration on the Sphalerite-Galena Sulfur Isotope Geothermometer

A new experimental calibration was undertaken in this study to get a more reliable sphalerite-galena sulfur isotope geothermometer. The experimental conditions selected in study were very similar to those of natural hydrothermal solution. The high-precision SF6 method was used in sulfur isotope analyses. The obtained calibration curve for sulfur isotope fractionation between sphalerite and galena can be expressed with the equation 10001nαSp-Gn= 0.74×106T-2+0.08.     

A Metallogenic Model of Gold Deposits of the Jiaodong Granite-Greenstone Belt

An analysis of trace elements and isotopic geochemistry suggest that the ore-forming materials of gold deposits in the Jiaodong granite-greenstone belt have multiple sources, especially the mantle source. Seismic wave, magnetic and gravity fields show that the crust-mantle structure and its coupling mechanism are the fundamental dynamic causes for the exchange and accumulation of materials and energy in the metallogenic system. Considering the evolution history of the structural setting, the tectono-metallogenic dynamics model of the area can be summarized as follows: (1) occurrence of the greenstone belt during the Archean-Proterozoic-the embryonic form of Au-source system; (2) stable tectonic setting in the Paleozoic-an intermittence in gold mineralization; (3) intensive activation and reformation of the greenstone belt in the Mesozoic-tectono-mineralization and tectono-diagensis; (4) posthumous structural activity in the Cenozoic-destruction of orebodies in the later stage. In the middle and late Ind     

贵州峨眉山玄武岩喷发期的岩相古地理研究

贵州峨眉山玄武岩喷发，从动态的角度可以分为茅口期晚期和龙潭期（吴家坪期），龙潭期又可分为三个喷发旋回，对应于四个不同的岩相古地理环境，体现了东吴运动在造成贵州地区地壳抬升、下沉和接受最大海侵之后，又上升、拉张、沉陷带发生地裂（又称峨眉地裂）以及地幔物质喷溢等地质活动，具间歇性和多旋回性的特点。本文从研究海陆变迁入手，揭示峨眉山玄武岩喷发与沉积作用的内在联系，进而探讨其与金、锑等矿产的成因联系，提出该期各相区与成矿区的形成模式。通过对贵州峨眉山玄武岩不同喷发期岩相古地理的研究可以看到，茅口期晚期和龙潭期早期海域的沉积韵律和相带展布格局与玄武岩喷发的间歇性和多旋回性特征完全一致。玄武岩的喷发为成矿提供了物质基础，玄武岩喷发的间歇期又为沉积矿产的富集提供机遇。这种岩浆期后气液以富硅和二氧化碳为特征的玄武岩，本身富含铁、锰、铜、铅、锌、锑、砷、汞、金、银、氟、磷以及一些稀散和放射性元素等成矿组分。在喷发过程中，气液成分有一定变化，各阶段和离岩浆的远近距离不同以及喷发性质和环境差异，形成了火山气液矿床、火山沉积矿床和沉积矿床的不同成矿带。     

准噶尔盆地陆梁隆起不整合面与油气运聚关系

准噶尔盆地陆梁隆起不整合面十分发育，且与油气运聚关系非常密切：二叠系、三叠系底不整合面是该区侏罗纪末成藏的主控因素，侏罗系底不整合面是深部油气进入该系的有利通道，而白垩系底不整合面又是油气顺利从侏罗系进入白垩系的必要条件。研究区的不整合面有褶皱、断褶、超覆、削截、平行5种类型，各种类型的不整合面对研究区油气运聚作用也有着差异，其中断褶不整合面对油气的垂向运移与聚集作用最大，是研究区最为典型的油气成藏方式。不整合面的分布具有差异性、继承性、迁移性，三性对油气的演化和分配有着影响作用。     

河南东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组盐岩沉积特征及成因

东濮凹陷是渤海湾盆地的一个次级构造单元，其古近系的两个沉积旋回发育了四套盐岩，分别位于沙河街组第三段的第四亚段(S34)、第三亚段(S33)、第二亚段(S32)和沙河街组的第一段(S1)。主要分布在凹陷北部。每套盐岩又由若干个盐韵律组成，每一单韵律由盐岩和泥岩组成。两套等时对比标志层（深湖沉积）之间盐岩与砂泥岩存在着相变关系。盐岩是在深盆背景下干旱成因的，盐类物质来自地下深处上涌的卤水，分层卤水是盐形成的基本形式，上涌通道是基底大断裂，动力基础是岩浆活动。盐的阻隔作用使其对下部地层的温度、压力均有影响，这种影响有利于加快盐下地层中的有机质成熟与演化。盐又是良好的盖层，且在高温、高压下盐呈塑性状态。勘探实践看出东濮凹陷的岩性油气藏与盐岩的沉积有密切的关系，因此搞清盐岩的分布规律对东濮凹陷下步勘探有着极为重要的意义。