水位改正的天文潮时差方法

针对传统时差法水位改正按距离内插计算的潮时差可能与实际情况存在较大差异，进而影响水位改正效果的问题，提出利用天文潮直接计算站间潮时差实施水位改正的方法，研究了我国沿海部分验潮站天文潮与实测水位之间潮时系统的差异与变化性质，并分析了不同分潮选择下确定的天文潮对站间潮时差计算值的影响量级。利用黄海沿岸与北部湾的验潮站设计了天文潮时差水位改正试验，比较了传统时差法与天文潮时差方法的效果。试验和分析表明，利用天文潮计算潮时差比传统时差法更接近实测潮时差，且8分潮水位改正结果的中误差控制在5 cm以内，比传统时差法的水位改正精度提高了近一倍，实现了对传统方法的改进，证明了利用天文潮进行时差法水位改正的可行性。     

Spatial Distribution of Integrated Impact Index of Mega-event A Case Study of Expo ''99 Kunming

Taking the affinity between events and media as a conceptualization base,a total of 1032 related news reports of Expo '99 Kunming,gathered from the internet data bank of China INFOBANK from 1992 to 2003,ate used as data sources.After classifying them with a communication research method-the content analysis,a data bank for SPSS is set up,and a mathematic model called the Integrated Impact Index of Expo '99 Kunming is constituted.With the model,the spatial distribution of the total integrated impacts of Expo '99 Kunming on the regions or cities with different regional scales is analysed quantitatively.The conclusions are:1) the Expo '99 Kunming made obvious integrated impacts on the regions or cities of every scale,especially in the venue city and the region-Kunming City and Yunnan Province; 2) it had corresponding impacts on other provinces; 3) the spatial distribution of Integrated Impact Index had a disaggregation with both plane extension and spotted decentralization; and 4) there was a distance decay law in all three scales of regions (Kunming City,Yunnan Province and the whole China),which incarnated the spatial extension law of the integrated impact of a special mega-event.     

ASAR斑点噪声模型验证及噪声滤除效果评价

ASAR合成孔径雷达数据因影像中相干斑点噪声的存在,影响了地物信息定量的提取与应用效果。本文结合雷达信号传输理论,推导出适于ASAR多视图像的功率概率分布。并从理论推导和试验两方面证实了ASAR影像符合乘性噪声模型。利用乘性噪声模型的滤波算法,采用不同滤波器和不同大小窗口对ASAR影像的斑点噪声进行了滤除,并用平滑指数、边缘保持指数等因子对滤除结果进行评价,通过对比发现:7×7窗口的Enhanced Lee滤波的效果最好。     

热液硫化物现场调查中超短基线异常定位数据的快速剔除

热液硫化物现场调查所需的船舶动力定位系统给水下定位数据带来较大的噪声干扰,而调查的现场决策与后续研究均对水下定位数据提出更高的要求.针对现有的Posidonia 6000超短基线水下定位系统,快速有效地剔除受干扰的异常定位数据对热液硫化物调查研究具有积极的意义.本文从超短基线解算过程数据(x,y,z三维分量)入手,根据现场作业水深、滑轮偏角,建立异常定位数据的三维剔除模型;根据三维各自的时间系列分布图,采用合理的数据结构与算法,实现对异常定位数据的交互式剔除.本研究成果能快速有效地剔除异常定位数据,为热液硫化物调查的现场决策和各搭载传感器的后续资料研究提供更准确的水下定位数据.     

A novel high resolution model without open boundary conditions applied to the China Seas: first investigation on tides

We developed a Global Ocean Circulation and Tide Model (GOCTM) with coarse grids in the open deep ocean degrading ‘smoothly’ into the highly resolved China Seas (CS) of refined grids to study the tides and circulation there.GOCTM is based on the framework of the Finite Volume approach for better mass conservation through improved transports across the discrete individual control volume.It also takes a full advantage of the geometric flexibility of unstructured mesh using a realistic global topography including the Arctic Ocean.The CS are given a special focus by refining the unstructured grids,but they are embedded into global domain naturally.Furthermore,GOCTM not only successfully avoids the treatment of the open boundaries,but also optimizes the trade-off between computational cost and model accuracy.Meanwhile,GOCTM is driven by the astronomical tide-generating potential and the secondary tide-generating potential directly,together with the wind stress and heat flux.GOCTM succeeds in reproducing the global eight principal tidal harmonic constants.Particularly,the simulated tidal results in the CS are improved compared to some other regional models with the discrepancy of 3.9 cm for M 2 tide.This idea of GOCTM can also be referred for other regional ocean study.     

福建紫金山矿田晚中生代英安玢岩形成时代及其成矿意义

福建紫金山Cu-Mo-Au-Ag多金属矿田是一个完整的斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床成矿体系。英安玢岩主要分布在紫金山Au-Cu矿床内火山机构及其附近,与高品位Au-Cu矿体空间上联系密切,是矿田内火山-侵入岩浆过程的一个重要环节。采自矿区的两个英安玢岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为(105.0±0.7)Ma(MSWD=0.83)和(105.0±2.2)Ma(MSWD=1.70),其形成时代与区内Mo-Cu矿化的萝卜岭和四方岩体形成时代相近。三个岩体形成时代及地球化学特征的相似性表明它们应为同源岩浆演化的产物,它们均具有较高的锆石Ce4+/Ce3+值,即岩浆体系具有较高的氧逸度,与区内斑岩成矿体系巨量金属堆积的地质事实相一致。英安玢岩的精确定年表明,紫金山Cu-Au矿与萝卜岭Mo-Cu矿及四方岩体有关的Mo矿床为同一斑岩成矿体系的产物。     

物探方法在基岩地下水勘查中的应用

介绍激发极化法与音频大地电场法相结合,在基岩地下水勘查中的应用效果,实践证明,合理选择物探方法组合,就能够确定断裂构造位置及含水情况,为基岩地下水勘查提供科学依据。     

湖北大峡口剖面下三叠统岩石学特征及沉积环境

湖北大峡口剖面下三叠统层位齐全,界线清楚,出露良好,沉积构造发育,是研究鄂西地区下三叠统的理想剖面。该区下三叠统自下至上可划分为大冶组和嘉陵江组,总厚度1 204.47m,是一套碳酸盐岩沉积,以石灰岩和白云岩为主。研究表明,早三叠识别出了开阔台地、局限台地、盆地、斜坡、浅滩等环境。沉积相的纵向演化为盆地-斜坡-台地,整体上是一个海平面下降、水体变浅的过程,期间偶有短暂的海平面上升的过程。在岩石特征、沉积环境分析的基础上建立了大峡口剖面下三叠统盆地-斜坡-开阔台地-浅滩-局限台地的沉积模式。     

太湖大气气溶胶中硫稳定同位素组成分析

用 MAT-253同位素质谱仪对太湖大气气溶胶中的硫稳定同位素组成特征进行了分析.结果显示,太湖大气气溶胶中δ34S 数值变化范围为4.46‰~9.87‰,表明该地区大气气溶胶的主要硫源与当地燃煤排放直接相关.Δ33S 绝对值普遍大于0.1‰,说明太湖大气气溶胶中存在显著的硫稳定同位素非质量分馏效应;基于正Δ33S 和负Δ36S 的关联,揭示太湖气溶胶中硫稳定同位素的分馏异常主要与平流层 SO2发生的光化学反应有关,该科学问题迫切需要做进一步系统深入的研究.     

YR-3井井身井管结构设计及固井技术

以YR-3井为例,阐述了牛驮镇地热田从下伏石灰岩-白云岩完整地层钻取地热水时的多级成井结构及固井技术。该技术可有效地克服因地层漏失造成的孔壁坍塌及因设备能力偏小而造成的固井困难。经多眼井施工证明,该方法是牛驮镇地热田及类似地层地热井施工的有效方法。