基于FVCOM的长江口预选倾倒区抛泥扩散数值模拟

2019年以来,长江口海域年疏浚总量约为7 000×104 m3,现有的7座吹泥站停用后,长江口倾倒区容量仅剩约3 000×104 m3,疏浚物处置缺口约为4 000×104 m3,需及时开展海洋倾倒区选划工作。通过FVCOM （Finite Volume Community Ocean Model）数值模型对预选倾倒区进行抛泥扩散模拟,并分析其影响。根据长江口航道管理局所统计的疏浚船只,结合实际情况,选定12 000 m3舱容作为代表船只进行模拟。模拟结果显示,抛泥悬浮物主要在倾倒区周围呈螺旋状扩散,从扩散范围来看,4个预选倾倒区抛泥时,其10 mg/L增量包络线均不会显著影响到附近主航道及周边环境敏感区,其中预选倾倒区D扩散影响范围最大,C次之,A和B扩散影响范围最小。从动力角度来看,长江口深水航道北侧两个预选倾倒区（A和B）倾倒扩散时,对南侧深水航道造成回淤的概率更大,深水航道南侧水动力条件优于北侧。综合抛泥扩散影响范围和动力条件来看,预选倾倒区C位置最佳。     

Field Observation and Analysis of Wave-Current-Sediment Movement in Caofeidian Sea Area in the Bohai Bay, China

In order to study the mechanism of flow-sediment movement, it is essential to obtain measured data of water hydrodynamic and sediment concentration process with high spatial and temporal resolution in the bottom boundary layer (BBL). Field observations were carried out in the northwest Caofeidian sea area in the Bohai Bay. Near 2 m isobath (under the lowest tidal level), a tripod system was installed with AWAC (Acoustic Wave And Current), ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers), OBS-3A (Optical Backscatter Point Sensor), ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters), etc. The accurate measurement of the bottom boundary layer during a single tidal period was carried out, together with a long-term sediment concentration measurement under different hydrological conditions. All the measured data were used to analyze the characteristics of wave-current-sediment movement and the BBL. Analysis was performed on flow structure, shear stress, roughness, eddy viscosity and other parameters of the BBL. Two major findings were made. Firstly, from the measured data, the three-layer distribution model of the velocity profiles and eddy viscosities in the wave-current BBL are proposed in the observed sea area; secondly, the sediment movement is related closely to wind-waves in the muddy coast area where sediment is clayey silt: 1) The observed suspended sediment concentration under light wind conditions is very low, with the peak value generally smaller than 0.1 kg/m3 and the average value being 0.03 kg/m3; 2) The sediment concentration increases continuously under the gales over 6-7 in Beaufort scale, under a sustained wind action. The measured peak sediment concentration at 0.4 m above the seabed is 0.15-0.32 kg/m3, and the average sediment concentration during wind-wave action is 0.08-0.18 kg/m3, which is about 3-6 times the value under light wind conditions. The critical wave height signaling remarkable changes of sediment concentration is 0.5 m. The results show that the suspended load sediment concentration is mainly influenced by wave-induced sediment suspension.     

查干德尔斯钼矿复杂地层钻探技术探讨与实践

针对内蒙古乌拉特后旗查干德尔斯钼矿区大部分地层（尤其进出矿层部位）破碎、漏失、坍塌、掉块的复杂特性,为避免因孔壁的不稳定等因素而造成卡钻、埋钻或报废钻孔等事故,结合以往复杂地层钻探施工经验,采取了腐植酸钾低固相泥浆及相关技术措施,确保了钻进的顺利,取得了良好的施工质量和效率,为下一步施工提供了技术保证措施和经验。总结了该区复杂地层钻探施工经验,可供类似矿区借鉴。     

立足先行先试 强化保护保障 全省国土资源工作会议在郑州召开

本刊讯 2月8日,全省国土资源工作会议在郑州召开。会议对我省去年的国土资源工作进行了回顾总结．安排部署了今年的重点工作。张大卫副省长出席会议并讲话。     

张启生厅长到洛阳现场办公

本刊讯 3月8日．省国土资源厅厅长张启生、土地总督察王西同带队赴洛阳市现场办公,表示要全力支持洛阳快速发展。     

云南镇康地区区域地球化学特征及找矿方向

基于1∶5万水系沉积物测量成果,对云南镇康地区的地球化学参数进行计算和分析,并对分布特征、岩石地球化学特征、异常元素组合特征进行研究。结果表明,二叠系沙子坡组(Ps^)中的Cu、Ni、Hg、Mo、Zn、As含量高出全国水系沉积物均值的2~4倍,是该区最具找矿潜力的地球化学地层。以Zn、Pb、Cu为主的异常元素组合主要分布在芦子园复式背斜轴部附近;而以Hg、Sb、Pb为主的异常元素组合主要分布在麻栗林断裂以东的大东子—南伞隆起部位,异常呈北东或北北东向展布,与主要构造线方向一致。研究区元素异常分带与区内已知矿产一致,具有由南往北,由Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、Mo、W、Ni等逐渐向Pb、Zn、Ag、As、Au、Sb、Hg→Sb、Hg的元素温度分带特征,应按此元素分带规律寻找相应矿产。结合地质、矿产分布特征,圈定了找矿靶区9个,为该区寻找多金属矿提供地球化学依据。     

曹妃甸开发布局与滩槽格局协调性研究

渤海湾曹妃甸近岸海区多个潮汐深槽与沙岛相伴而生并构成极为复杂的海岸动力地貌体系,而维护既有的滩槽宏观格局是保持滩槽稳定与合理开发布局的重要基础。曹妃甸开发遵循因势利导的原则,对浅滩与深槽进行了科学保护和合理利用,通过寻找深水岸线开发、滩涂匡围与环境影响之间的平衡点,在开发合理规划布局与维护滩槽动力地貌格局现状之间实现了很好的协调性。工程实践效果表明,由于曹妃甸开发布局规划科学合理,没有改变整个海区的滩槽动力地貌格局和潮汐深槽形成的动力机制,因而深槽及周边海区在开发工程实施后稳定性良好。     

地理国情监测工作机制探讨

开展地理国情监测对实现科学决策和社会经济可持续发展具有重要作用。本文在浙江省地理国情监测试点工作取得的经验基础上,提出了地理国情监测工作机制初步框架设计,并从目录标准体系、技术支撑体系、业务流程体系和工作保障体系4方面对工作机制进行阐述,为制定地理国情监测工作机制、全面开展监测工作提供参考。     

甘肃北山地区红山铁矿床成因及成矿机制

甘肃北山地区红山铁矿床为赋存于元古界青白口系顶部的沉积变质型铁矿床,其铁矿石主要类型为磁铁矿,少量为赤铁矿、镜铁矿。矿石储量可达亿吨,经野外调研和室内综合研究,本矿床形成于裂陷海盆中,与多处含铁的热卤水喷流柱上涌有关,属于"Sedex"型铁矿类型。