南黄海中部隆起印支面剥蚀量恢复与演化过程——来自CSDP-2井的证据

南黄海中部隆起是下扬子地块向海域的延伸,是当前海相盆地海域资源调查的潜力区。中部隆起自印支期以来经历多期构造隆升、挤压及剥蚀作用,显著影响了盆地油气资源的形成和分布。2016年底完钻的大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井首次在中部隆起钻穿印支不整合面,该不整合面在中部隆起既是新近系-第四系底界,又是下三叠统灰岩的顶界,横向延伸平缓,上、下地层产状差异巨大,下伏地层具有强烈的挤压变形及逆冲推覆,呈现显著的角度不整合接触关系。本次研究基于泥岩声波时差法计算的印支面地层剥蚀量约为1200 m,镜质体反射率法计算的剥蚀量约为1400 m,与地层趋势面估算的剥蚀量基本一致。结合南黄海盆地演化过程分析,认为中部隆起大致于晚三叠世开始隆升,至晚白垩世期间经历快速剥蚀,并可能延续到渐新世末期。在当前南黄海盆地资源调查逐步转向中、古生界海相残留盆地之际,依托实际钻探资料进行印支不整合面研究及剥蚀量恢复对于恢复盆地构造-热演化史及评价油气资源等均具有重要的现实意义。     

Progress in the Research on the Impact of Wind Farms on Climate and Environment

Wind power has become one of the fastest growing renewable energy. With the large-scale deployment of wind farms in the world, people have started to pay attention to the impact of wind farms on the ecological environment and climate. This paper summarized the impact of wind farms on climate and ecological environment by investigating relevant literature: In the areas of wind farms, on the one hand, the set-up of wind turbines changes original aerodynamic roughness height and strengthens the dragging of the land surface against turbulence, directly affecting the turbulent motion of the boundary layer, resulting in the changes of intensity and pattern of material energy and water vapor exchange between land surface and near-surface atmosphere, further affecting the atmospheric circulation and climate. On the other hand, wind turbines convert the majority of the wind kinetic energy into electric energy, which produces the wake effect of the wind turbine. The budget patterns and spatial and temporal distribution of large-scale kinetic energy in the boundary layer are changed correspondingly, generating changes in various fluxes (heat flux, water vapor flux, etc.) in the atmosphere, which affect temperature, precipitation, and wind speed. Generally, the warming or cooling effect of wind farms on the near-surface is related to the stability of atmosphere. However, simulations in the global climate model showed that the average impact of wind farms on global climate is small, much smaller than the expected changes in greenhouse gas emissions and the interannual changes in natural climate.Wind power emits almost no carbon dioxide and pollutants. Compared with other traditional energy sources, it reduces water consumption but may generate some negative ecological impacts such as animal habitats, bird collisions, and noise, vision impact. However, some measures can be taken to mitigate these adverse effects.     

卫星导航定位基准站备案管理系统设计与实现

针对我国卫星导航定位基准站统一管理需求和信息共享交换不足的问题,利用信息化的手段构建了一套网络化的基准站建设备案管理系统。该系统以全国基准站摸排和核查结果信息为数据基础,利用集中在线式设计架构和数据库自动识别同步技术,提出了基于空间拓扑结构的基准站信息表单构建方法,实现了相关性信息唯一标识、动态关联以及基于主辅标识的基准站信息管理工作流。系统解决了数据库之间实时联动更新问题,实现了全国基准站的信息交互共享和统一规范管理,已成为全国基准站建设和应用高效管理的工具。     

Provenance and Tectonic Implications of Paleozoic Strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin,China–Revealed from the Borehole CSDP-2

Well CSDP-2 is a fully coring deep drilling hole, penetrating the thick Paleozoic marine strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin(SYSB) in the lower Yangtze Block(LYB). Based on the petrological and geochemical analysis of 40 sandstone samples from the core CSDP-2, the provenance and tectonic features of Paleozoic detrital rocks from SYSB are analyzed and systematically delineated in this article. The results show that the Silurian – Carboniferous sandstones are mature sublitharenite, while the Permian sandstones are unstable feldspathic litharenite. The average CIA(chemical index of alteration) is 74.61, which reflects these sediments were derived from source rocks with moderate chemical weathering. The REE(rare earth element) patterns are characterized by LREE enrichment, flat HREE and obviously negative Eu anomaly, which are similar to that of the upper continental crust. Dickinson QFL discrimination results indicate the recycled orogeny provenance. Various diagrams for the discrimination of sedimentary provenance based on major and trace element data show all the sediments were derived predominantly from quartz sedimentary rocks, of which the Permian strata contain more felsic sedimentary rocks. Geochemical data for these detrital rocks suggest they occur at the passive continental margin and island arc settings, and the Permian sandstone presents active continental margin setting.     

冷涡背景下山东省“5·17”极端强对流天气环境条件分析

2020年5月17日,山东省出现大范围强对流天气(简称“5·17”强对流),冰雹范围之广为近10年之首。对流风暴高度组织化,区域性的超级单体群以及一条长度超过500 km的强飑线造成此次极端强对流天气。利用ERA5再分析、加密自动气象观测站、多普勒天气雷达等资料,剖析了此次极端强对流天气的环境条件。结果表明:冷涡位于最有利于山东出现强对流的关键区,大尺度天气系统强迫强,对流层中层异常强的冷空气南下影响前期异常增暖的山东地区,造成“5·17”极端强对流。天气系统的异常程度更能代表动热力强迫的强度,异常程度达到2σ以上有可能造成极端强对流天气。当冷涡南下过程中强度减弱,但异常程度增加时,其东南象限仍能产生极端强对流天气。强的深层垂直风切变有利于对流风暴组织化发展,飑线的长轴走向与0～6 km垂直风切变矢量方向相同,新单体发生、发展、合并的区域位于风矢量差大值中心前沿。低层暖湿平流源源不断地向山东输送暖湿空气,是CAPE重建的机制,是超级单体群和长飑线得以长时间维持的主要能量来源。     

Impact of soil moisture and winter wheat height from the Loess Plateau in Northwest China on surface spectral albedo

The understanding of surface spectral radiation and reflected radiation characteristics of different surfaces in different climate zones aids in the interpretation of regional surface energy transfers and the development of land surface models. This study analysed surface spectral radiation variations and corresponding surface albedo characteristics at different wavelengths as well as the relationship between 5-cm soil moisture and surface albedo on typical sunny days during the winter wheat growth period. The analysis was conducted using observational Loess Plateau winter wheat data from 2015. The results show that the ratio of atmospheric downward radiation to global radiation on typical sunny days is highest for near-infrared wavelengths, followed by visible wavelengths and ultraviolet wavelengths, with values of 57.3, 38.7 and 4.0%, respectively. The ratio of reflected spectral radiation to global radiation varies based on land surface type. The visible radiation reflected by vegetated surfaces is far less than that reflected by bare ground, with surface albedos of 0.045 and 0.27, respectively. Thus, vegetated surfaces absorb more visible radiation than bare ground. The atmospheric downward spectral radiation to global radiation diurnal variation ratios vary for near-infrared wavelengths versus visible and ultraviolet wavelengths on typical sunny days. The near-infrared wavelengths ratio is higher in the morning and evening and lower at noon. The visible and ultraviolet wavelengths ratios are lower in the morning and evening and higher at noon. Visible and ultraviolet wavelength surface albedo is affected by 5-cm soil moisture, demonstrating a significant negative correlation. Excluding near-infrared wavelengths, correlations between surface albedo and 5-cm soil moisture pass the 99% confidence test at each wavelength. The correlation with 5-cm soil moisture is more significant at shorter wavelengths. However, this study obtained surface spectral radiation characteristics that were affected by land surface vegetation coverage as well as by soil physical properties.     

高脂饮食大鼠肾脏HMGCS2表达及调控研究

目的 探讨高脂饮食大鼠肾脏3-羟基-3甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶2（HMGCS2）表达及可能调控机制。方法 断乳Wistar 雄性大鼠27只分为3组：正常对照组（CON）、高脂组（HFG）、绿茶多酚（green tea polyphenols,GTPs）组（G）。CON组大鼠喂养普通饲料,HFG组及GTPs组给予高脂饲料,GTPs组同时自由摄食绿茶多酚浓度为1.6g/L水溶液。26周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。免疫印迹法测定肾脏HMGCS2和Sirt3蛋白表达水平。结果 与CON组比较,HFG组大鼠体重和脂肪系数升高,血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs降低大鼠体重和脂肪系数,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,GTPs组血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均不同程度降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与CON组比较,肾脏组织HMGCS2的表达降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs组增加肾脏HMGCS2的表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高脂饮食、正常饮食和GTPs干预后,大鼠肾脏组织Sirt3蛋白表达差异无统计学意义。结论 高脂饮食可降低肾脏组织HMGCS2表达,绿茶多酚可逆转此效应;高脂饮食及绿茶多酚对肾脏组织HMGCS2表达的调控不经Sirt3途径。     

地震前兆群体空间非均匀性指标Cv值研究

本文描述了排除地台站空间分布不均匀、台站观测项目数量不同等非地震成因因素影响后的前兆群体空间非均匀性研究思路及其指标Ｃｖ值,确定了Ｃｖ值反映的前兆群体空间分布图象的类型及其判定方法。利用Ｃｖ值对华北地区１９９５年以来的水氡短临前兆异常群体空间非均匀性及其与地震的关系进行了分析,结果表明,华北地区１９９５年１月１日至１９９８年２月１日发生的５次５级以上中强地震前,前兆群体空间分布出现５次非均匀性增强     

制造金刚石钻头的快速电镀法研究

总结了两年多来采用较高电流密度法制造金刚石钻头的经验,运用快速电镀法制造金刚石钻头不仅大大提高了生产效率,而且提高了金刚石钻头的质量。     

非开挖铺管施工中几个问题的探讨

随着非开挖铺管技术的不断应用,遇到的困难越来越多,针对施工中存在的诸如硬土层中导向孔的形成、硬土层扩孔钻头的改进、软土层扩孔钻头及设备、恶劣工作面的多束钢管反拉等问题提出了相应的解决方法。