东海黑潮热输送及其与黄淮平原区汛期降水的关系

根据日本气象厅1956—1990年PN（G）断面观测资料分析东海黑潮热输送的变异特征，并探讨其冬季热输送与黄淮平原区汛期（6－8月）降水的关系。结果表明，黑潮通过PN（G）断面多年平均的热输送达15．74×1014W，其中冬季热输送的年际和长期变化特别明显；冬季热输送年际变化的周期主要为对．23.4a、3.5a、和2.6a，长期变化总趋势是70年代末以前各年热输送距平均为负值，对年代末接近多年平均值，进入80年代各年距平值不仅为正且逐年增大；东海黑潮冬季热输送与黄淮平原区汛期降水具有相近的长期变化趋势，两者间存在较好的负相关关系。     

东海大规模赤潮危害影响的实验研究——对黑褐新糠虾和卤虫的毒性效应

The effects of Prorocentrum donghaiense,Karenia mikimotoi,Alexandrium catenella,the causative species of Harmful Algal Blooms in the East China Sea,on the survival and growth of Neomysis awatschensis and Artemia salina were investigated.And the toxicity of eleven strains of Alexandrium----A.lusitanicum(AL-1)、A.minutum(AM-1)、A.spp.(A-K)、A.tamarense(ATHK,ATCI02,ATCI03,AT5-1,AT5-3,AT-6)、A.affine(AS-1,AC-1) to the two above organisms were compared. The results showed that P.donghaiense and K.mikimotoi had no adverse effect on the survival and growth of N.awatschensis and A.salina at 96h.However,the survival rate of N.awatschensis and A.salina declined linearly with the increasing density of A.catenella,and the 96h LC₅₀ for N.awatschensis and A.salina was 4500 and 460 cells/mL,respectively, Five strains of Alexandrium----A.spp,A.lusitanicum (AL-1),A.tamarense(AT5-3,AT-6) and A.affine (AS-1)at the density of 4000cells/mL and 96h had no adverse impacts on N.awatschensis. But other six strains of Alexandrium a.Tamarense(AT5-1,ATHK,ATCI02,ATCI03),A.affine(AC-1) and A.minutum(AM-1)decreased the survival fate of N.awatschensis significantly. Two strains of Alexandrium----A.lusitanicum(AL-1) and A.tamarense(AT-6),at the density of 500cells/mL. had no adverse effects on A.salina in 96h;while the other Alexandrium strains all had adverse effeets on the survival of a.salina, A.salina could increase its length with the increasing density of P.donghaiense,K.mikimotoi and A.luxitanicum. The results indicate that P.donghaiense and K.mikimotoi have nio significant effect on the survival of crustaeean zoop lankton in a short period. But several Alexandrium specised/strains could influence the survival of crustacean zooplankton likely by non-PSP substances. A.salina is shown to be more sensitive than N.awatschensis as test organisms to harmful species.     

海洋平台阴极保护监测系统的研制及应用

介绍了自行研制的海洋平台阴极保护监测系统，它由双电极电位测量探头，牺牲阳极输出电流测量探头，信号传输电缆系统和微机数据采集系统组成，并结合近10a其在南海北部近海石油开发区的应用和运行状况，对阴极保护监测系统的性能，作用及意义进行了系统论述，以期为进一步的工作奠定基础。     

鸭绿江洪季的河口最大混浊带

对 1 994年 8月在鸭绿江河口的水文和悬浮泥沙的观测资料进行分析。结果表明 ,在洪季鸭绿江河口的最大混浊带 ,出现在第一个河口锋面内侧。它的核心处盐度小于 1 ,从上游带入河口的细颗粒泥沙多数被河口第一锋面截留 ,还有一部分上游来沙穿过该锋面 ,聚集在河口第一和第二锋面之间。垂向密度环流作用和絮凝作用在鸭绿江洪季最大混浊带的维持过程中起着主导作用     

长江口淡水端淡、盐水混合表层pCO2的急剧变化及其影响机制

根据2004年5月长江口淡水端淡、盐水混合初期表层水二氧化碳分压(pCO2)的实测数据,结合水文、化学和生物等要素的同步观测资料,对pCO2的变化及其影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:在长江口淡水端盐度0~15的淡、盐水混合初期,表层水pCO2由3 500μatm左右大幅度下降至约1 000μatm。生源要素的补充使生物活动的急剧增加是pCO2以对数形式大幅度降低的主要原因,这一性质显著体现的拐点为(S<0.6,50<浊度<110)这一范围。同时由于生物活动和物理混合作用的分别控制,使得长江口淡水端淡、盐水混合初期表层水碱度与盐度呈二次抛物线关系,拐点处的盐度约为0.6。     

南海曾母盆地南部陆架边缘三角洲沉积特征

曾母盆地作为发育于古巽他陆架上的盆地,南部的古巽他河所携带的巨量沉积物和曾母盆地的陆架特征使得陆架边缘三角洲在曾母盆地南部发育成为必然。通过对曾母盆地中中新世以来陆架边缘三角洲的地震、钻井及进积特征分析,认为曾母盆地内陆架边缘三角洲的沉积形态呈分别向陆和向海减薄的楔形体,古巽他河携带多期次的沉积物向陆坡沉积过程中形成多套沉积复合体,这些沉积体由于具有良好的生储条件,因而具有重要的油气勘探价值。     

钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及群体遗传结构的初步研究

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对产于山东蓬莱水域的野生钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及其群体遗传结构进行研究。对钝吻黄盖碟的眼、鳃、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳍条共8种组织的15种同工酶分析结果表明,钝吻黄盖碟同工酶的表达呈明显的组织特异性。选择肝脏和肌肉2种组织的AAT,ADH,GPI,G3PDH,IDHP,LDH,MDH,MPI,PGDH,PGM,SDH和SOD共12种同工酶进行了钝吻黄盖碟种群结构遗传学分析,共记录了17个基因座位,其中,PGDH*,LDH*,PGM-1*和MPI-1*等4个基因座位呈多态,其多态座位比例为0.235 3(P0.99),观测杂合度和预期杂合度的平均值分别为0.019 6和0.018 1,平均有效等位基因数为1.093 0。     

台湾海峡的温度逆跃层

本文利用1940～1986年国内外海洋观测资料约3600站次,分析了116°～121°E,21°30′～26°N区域内海水的温度逆跃层,结果表明本海域秋、冬、春季西岸海区出现温度逆跃层,同渤海相比,本区温度逆跃层的上界深度较深,厚度较大强度也较大,文中对该类温度逆跃层的成因作了初步探讨。     

Investigation of the hydrate reservoir production under different depressurization modes

Abstract

Large reserves of natural gas hydrates exist, and the depressurization method has the greatest potential for gas hydrate reservoir recovery. Currently, the most commonly adopted depressurization simulation method is a constant bottom-hole pressure production scheme. This study proposes a new depressurization mode with decreasing bottom-hole pressure. The production characteristic was numerically investigated using this method. The results show the following: (1) As the depressurization exponent (n) decreases, the development effect improves, and production indexes including cumulative gas production/dissociation and gas-water ratio increase. However, the reservoir energy consumption is higher and the hydrate reformation is more severe. (2) Compared to the proposed depressurization mode, the hydrate production index of the constant bottom-hole pressure production (n?=?0) is better. However, the hydrate reservoir energy consumption is higher and the hydrate reformation is more severe using constant bottom-hole pressure production. (3) To achieve a balance between production and reservoir energy consumption during depressurization production, the bottom-hole pressure should be controlled by selecting a suitable depressurization exponent between n_min and n_max, which can be determined through numerical simulations.