长江口北支盐水倒灌南支对青草沙水源地的影响

自1978年以来，在长江口的几个关键岸段（例青龙港、新建、高桥、堡镇等）设置盐度观测站；1992－1994年的枯季、在青草沙水源地的南、北两侧各抛测量船一般，在一个完整的大、中、小潮期间、连续逐时观测流速、流向、水深、盐度等，同时在青龙港等处设置6个岸边观测点同步取样；1995－1996年在船站位置各设置氯离子自动监测仪一台；1996年3月又进行了一次大规模的长江口水文测验。本文对大量的现场资料作了分析计算。研究结果表明，青草沙水源地盐水来源主要有北支倒灌咸水团和外海咸水入侵。前者的特征为，氯度的半月变化是小潮期（或小潮后的寻常潮）的氯度反高于大潮期，氯度的潮周日变化是日最高值出现在落憩附近，日最低值出现在涨憩附近，氯度的垂向分层不明显。这与外海盐水入侵引起的氯离子浓度在半月和潮周日内的变化特征正好相反。     

Long-term Sensor Drift Found in Recovered Argo Profiling Floats

We recovered three Argo profiling floats after 2 to 2.5 years of operation, and recalibrated their temperature, conductivity, and pressure sensors. The results demonstrate that these floats exhibited a significant drift in salinity of −0.0074 to −0.0125, primarily due to the conductivity sensor drift. Combined with the recalibration result for another previously recovered float, the indication is that the negative salinity drift increases nearly in proportion to the operating period of floats. The increasing rate is −0.0041 (±0.0015) year⁻¹, which yields a salinity drift of −0.016 (±0.006) for the expected float lifetime of four years. The present result suggests that reducing the float surfacing time would improve the accuracy of the salinity measurements.     

Simple determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, sensitive and less destructive method for the determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in seawater. Combined with detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the method had sufficient sensitivity (minimum detectable concentration of DMS was 0.05 nM), and practical levels of reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤7%) and linearity (r ² > 0.995) over a wide concentration range (0.5 to 910 nM). The protocol developed was applied to a Sagami Bay water sample to determine concentrations of DMS and DMSP, and in situ DMSP-lyase activity.     

Eddy Shedding from the Kuroshio Bend at Luzon Strait

TOPEX/POSEDIENT-ERS satellite altimeter data along with the mean state from the Parallel Ocean Climate Model result have been used to investigate the variation of Kuroshio intrusion and eddy shedding at Luzon Strait during 1992–2001. The Kuroshio penetrates into the South China Sea and forms a bend. The Kuroshio bend varies with time, periodically shedding anticyclonic eddies. Criteria of eddy shedding are identified: 1) When the shedding event occurs, there are usually two centers of high Sea Surface Height (SSH) together with negative geostrophic vorticity in the Kuroshio Bend (KB) area. 2) Between the two centers of high SSH there usually exists positive geostrophic vorticity. These criteria have been used to determine the eddy shedding times and locations. The most frequent eddy shedding intervals are 70, 80 and 90 days. In both the winter and summer monsoon period, the most frequent locations are 119.5°E and 120°E, which means that the seasonal variation of eddy shedding location is unclear.     

An Analysis on Limit Load for Corroded Submarine Pipelines

1 .Introduction Submarine pipelines are one of the safest and the least environmentally disruptive means for ma-rine gas or oil transport . With the development of exploitation of submarine oil or gas ,the safety ofsubmarine pipelines has becomethe major …     

Geodynamics of the deep sedimentary basin of the Caspian Sea region: paragenetic correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism

In this paper we analyze seismic regime and earthquake depth distribution and correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism in the Azerbaijan and the Caspian Sea region. For the present region we have calculated accurate source locations, seismic activity, earthquake repetition and released earthquake energy parameters. It is shown that the active tectonic processes in the region are concentrated within the thick sedimentary cover that we consider as a general source of contemporary stress and a main structural element responsible for the origin of regional earthquakes. The correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism is of paragenetic character.     

秋季东、黄海异养细菌(Heterotrophic Bacteria)的分布特点

2000年10-11月,乘"北斗号"考察船进行秋季"东、黄海生态系统动力学与生物资源可持续利用"大面调查,研究秋季东、黄海异养细菌的分布.结果表明,异养细菌在黄海和东海的丰度分别在(2.37-13.33)×108 cell/L和(3.05-13.62)×108 cell/L之间.细菌丰度最高值出现在长江口附近,且断面E和断面F各站位的细菌丰度明显高于其他断面.异养细菌丰度大小以长江口为中心向外海依次递减.东、黄海水体异养细菌生物量分别在244.45-1812.90mgC/m2和100.60-940.87mgC/m2之间.东、黄海异养细菌丰度无显著差异,但是东海海域水体异养细菌生物量高于黄海海域.异养细菌空间分布与浮游植物叶绿素在东海有一定的相关性,黄海异养细菌与硝酸盐浓度的相关性极显著.     

海底烃类渗漏的地球物理识别

海底烃类渗漏在向上运移过程中会改变深部地层和海底表层沉积物的声学性质,在地震和浅地层剖面上会形成各种可能指示烃类渗漏的地球物理标志。渗漏烃到达海底后会改变海底表面形态,形成与海底烃类渗漏有关的表面特征,如麻坑构造、海底凸起、海底古河道、碳酸盐丘、硬地面、泥火山以及表面断层等。渗漏烃进入海水后在继续上升过程中会形成气泡、渗漏羽,到达海面后会形成表面油膜。利用侧扫声纳、多波束测深和浅地层剖面可以探测到与海底烃类渗漏有关的表面特征。合成孔径雷达能够识别因海底烃类渗漏形成的海水表面油膜。海底烃类渗漏的地球物理标志是间接的,必须通过地球化学校验才能确定渗漏的存在。     

基于AHP法和灰色模式识别理论的海底管道系统路由定量风险评估

根据海底管道路由潜在风险的特点及风险类型,提出了一种将层次分析法（AHP法）和灰色模式识别理论相结合的海底管道系统路由定量风险评估方法,该方法利用AHP确定风险评价指标体系,运用灰色模式识别理论,建立识别结果标准,并结合实际工程进行计算,计算结果表明该方法是可行的.     

渤海海域的上第三系油气研究

综述了渤海湾盆地沉积与构造活动在时间与空间上的迁移与演化、烃源岩与储盖层的空间分布规律，结合盆地内的勘探现状分析了渤海湾海域上第三系的油气远景。认为盆地内凸起、低凸起以上第三系为主体，伴有东营组和前第三系油气藏的复式油气聚集带是目前渤海油气勘探最现实的有利目标。