Late Permian- Early Triassic Conodont Biofacies and Bioprovinces in South China and Himalaya

On the basis of existing conodont data, the authors have studied the Late Permian-Early Triassic conodonts of different forms and biofacies in detail. Five conodont biofacies are recognized, from shallow to deep waters 1. Hindeodus conodont biofacies, 2. Pachycladina-Parachi rognathus conodont biofacies, 3. Gondolella -Hindeodus conodont biofacies, 4. Gondolella-Neospathodus conodont biofacies, and 5. Xaniognathus conodont biofacies. Considering the temporal and spatial changes of these conodont biofacies, 3 conodont bloprovinces have been divided. In light of the biofacies changes of each bioprovince, the authors also discuss, in this paper, the regularity of transgression-regression cycles of eastern Tethys and their possible relation to the mass biotic alternation.     

华南早前寒武纪陆壳基底及其组成特征

在编制《闽浙赣铀矿地质图（１：１００万）》的基础上，结合近年来地质、地球物理及同位素年代学等方面的最新研究成果，本文初步分析了华南地区早前寒武纪（Ａｒ＿２－Ｐｔ＿１）陆壳结晶基底的组成特征及“扬子”与“华夏”地块之间的相互关系，认为该基底经吕梁运动（１７００－１８００Ｍａ）后，于中晚元古代逐渐解体，并转化为由板块构造机制所控制的多旋回槽台发展体制。由于古陆壳组成的不均一性和演化的不平衡性，使局部地区相对富铀，为尔后各种衍生型富铀地质体的形成及矿化分布奠定了基础。     

The influence of soil moisture on convective activity: a review

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Soil moisture (SM) influences the initiation and development of convective systems and consequently the generation and development of precipitation through...     

Experimental clearance rates of Aurelia coerulea ephyrae and medusae,and the predation impact on zooplankton in Jiaozhou Bay

The population explosion of jellyfish Aurelia coerulea occurred in Jiaozhou Bay,China in 2009.The potential predation impact of A.coerulea on zooplankton was investigated.Population clearance potential and residence time(t_(1/2)) for copepods were calculated from laboratory clearance rates and measurements of jellyfish size and abundance from May to August 2009 in Jiaozhou Bay.Clearance rates varied widely with prey organisms,but they were not significantly different among various prey concentrations.Medusae captured rotifers,fish larvae and hydromedusae more efficiently than fish eggs,copepods and chaetognaths.Ephyrae captured rotifers and hydromedusae more efficiently than fish larvae and copepods.Clearance rate linearly increased with the cro s s sectional area of A.coerulea(size from 0.3 to7.1 cm).Water temperature also had a marked effect on clearance rate and this was related to the increased beat freque ncy as water temperature increased.In early May 2009,A.coerulea potentially cleared the volume of water in the Bay less than 0.001 times a day,but this value was estimated to be more than 0.3 times a day in July.The t_(1/2) for copepods was less than 6 d in June and July.Abundances of copepods,hydromedusae and chaetognaths were extremely low in 2009 compared to 2008 and 2010(jellyfish non-bloom years).Large predation pressure by the A.coerulea population occurred to control zooplankton communities in Jiaozhou Bay.A.coerulea,when present at a high population level,can be a keystone species in Jiaozhou Bay and control the trophic structure here.     

Nonlinear hydroelastic analysis of a moored floating body

By integration of the second-order fluid pressure over the instantaneous wetted surface, the generalized first- and second-order fluid forces used in nonlinear hydroelastic analysis are obtained. The expressions for coefficients of the generalized first- and second-order hydrodynamic forces in irregular waves are also given. The coefficients of the restoring forces of a mooring system acting on a flexible floating body are presented. The linear and nonlinear three-dimensional hydroelastic equations of motion of a moored floating body in frequency domain are established. These equations include the second-order forces, induced by the rigid body rotations of large amplitudes in high waves, the variation of the instantaneous wetted surface and the coupling of the first order wave potentials. The first-order and second-order principal coordinates of the hydrelastic vibration of a moored floating body are calculated. The frequency characteristics of the principal coordinates are discussed. The numerical results indicate that the rigid resonance and the coupling resonance of a moored floating body can occur in low frequency domain while the flexible resonance can occur in high frequency domain. The hydroelastic responses of a moored box-type barge are also given in this paper. The effects of the second-order forces on the modes are investigated in detail.     

Comparison of Linear Level I Green-Naghdi Theory with Linear Wave Theory for Prediction of Hydroelastic Responses of VLFS

Very Large Floating Structures (VLFS) have drawn considerable attention recently due to their potential significance in the exploitation of ocean resources and in the utilization of ocean space. Efficient and accurate estimation of their hydroelastic responses to waves is very important for the design. Recently, an efficient numerical algorithm was developed by Ertekin and Kim (1999). However, in their analysis, the linear Level I Green-Naghdi (GN) theory is employed to describe fluid dynamics instead of the conventional linear wave (LW) theory of finite water depth. They claimed that this linear level I GN theory provided betler predictions of the hydroelastic responses of VLFS than the linear wave theory. In this paper, a detailed derivation is given in the conventional linear wave theory framework with the same quantity as used in the linear level I GN theory framework. This allows a critical comparison between the linear wave theory and the linear level I GN theory. it is found that the linear level     

On the Interaction of Surface Waves with An Elastic Plate of Finite Length in Head Seas

An eigen-function expansion method based on a new orthogonal inner product is proposed by Sahoo et al. (2000) for the study of the hydroelastic response of mat-type VLFS in head seas. However, their main emphasis is on the effect of edge conditions and they assume that the plate is of a semi-infinite length. In reality, the plate is of finile length. For consider-alion of the finite length effect, the reflection and transmission from the other end must be considered. The effect of this reflection and transmission on the hydroelaslic response of VLFS is of interest for praclical application. Furthermore, the physi-cal meaning of the new inner producl was not given in their paper. In this paper, it is shown that the new inner product can be derived from the governing equation and the bottom boundary conditions. Then the same eigen-function expansion method is adopted for the study of the hydroelastic response of an elastic plate of finite length in surface waves. Delailed comparisons are made between the     

土壤氡浓度α能谱快速测量技术

正土壤氡及其子体测量可用于寻找铀矿,寻找与放射性元素或断裂构造有内在联系的金属和非金属矿床,寻找地下水和地热资源,以及地震预报、断层确认、滑坡探测、民用建筑工程氡浓度调查等。当前测氡方法主要分为瞬时法和累积法,瞬时法包括Ra A卡法、α能谱法、闪烁瓶法等,累积法包括钋-210法、活性炭法、径迹法、热释光法、α杯法等。瞬时法成本低、操作简单、高效     

辽西低凸起锦州地区古近系沙河街组三段砂体分布特征及物源分析

横向低凸起常因残余面积小,而在物源体系中未得到重视。利用高分辨率三维地震资料,通过断 裂组合、断层接触关系、垂向位移和上下盘地层厚度等特征的识别,在辽东湾地区辽西低凸起锦州25地区识别 出同向叠覆型和同向趋近型两类构造转换带。采用“点面反馈,源体比对” 的思路,依据钻井岩相、宏观地震 相和地震属性的分析,结合砂岩重矿物组合、ZTR指数和成分成熟度等资料,在研究区沙三段识别出3类与低 凸起具有成因联系的沉积相：构造转换型扇三角洲、陡坡坡折型近岸水下扇和凸缘末梢交叉断裂型扇三角洲, 建立了低凸起差异物源分配模式。同时,结合钻井泥岩声波时差中地层剥蚀的响应,提出易于风化的母岩、剥 蚀区动态变化和高效物源通道是低凸起围区砂体能够富集的根本原因。构造转换带型扇三角洲对解决该地区小 物源贫砂问题意义重大。     

荒漠草原带沙源及灌丛对灌丛沙堆形态的影响

灌丛沙堆是干旱区一种典型的景观类型,经常出现在靠近流沙地带。在地处荒漠草原带的宁夏盐池北部的流沙边缘就发育有典型的白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)灌丛沙堆。本文对不同沙源距离和灌丛生长状况下的白刺灌丛沙堆形态特征进行了研究。结果表明:荒漠草原带白刺灌丛沙堆的高度0.2～4.8 m,90.05%的高度小于3.0 m;体积0.11～805.17 m³,6.08%的体积小于150 m³;面积0.86～333.3 m²,72.26%的小于50 m²。灌丛沙堆长轴长和短轴长、高度和面积、高度和体积、面积和体积间都存在很好的幂函数关系,随着灌丛沙堆高度的增加,其面积和体积也增加。沙源对白刺灌丛沙堆的分布特征有显著影响,灌丛沙堆的高度、面积和体积和沙源距离都有很好的抛物线形关系。白刺灌丛的生长状况对灌丛沙堆的形态特征也有明显的影响,即白刺灌丛生长状况越好,灌丛沙堆的高度、面积和体积也增大。