添加纳米TiO2的氯醚树脂的XPS分析

在紫外线老化前后,利用光电子能谱(XPS)研究了分别添加金红石型和锐钛型纳米TiO2的氯醚树脂。研究发现,氯醚树脂中氯、氧元素具有表面富积现象——趋肤效应,而钛和碳元素在内层聚集;添加颜料粒子越小,在表面含量越大;金红石型纳米二氧化钛紫外屏蔽性好,减缓树脂老化;而锐钛型纳米二氧化钛具有显著的光催化活性,加速树脂老化。因此,金红石型纳米二氧化钛将是一种有前途的紫外线吸收剂。     

显式完全平方守恒差分格式在近岸海流数值模拟中的应用

用显式完全平方守恒差分格式及其改进分解算法对南海月平均流和海面起伏进行了数值模拟，与隐式完全平方守恒差分格式相比，计算时间可省３—５倍，具有良好的时间效益，而且，其计算效果不比隐式完全平方守恒差分格式差。因此，显式完全平方守恒差分格式及其改进分解算法具有良好的实用价值。     

北部湾单站海流旋转谱分析

本文对北部湾内一个连续7d的海流观测站的资料进行旋转谱分析。结果表明,该海区潮流属于不正规全日潮,全日周期分量的谱能量与半日周期分量的谱能量的比值为1.7。全日周期分量的椭圆主轴方向为341°,且椭圆主轴方向较稳定。整个流场基本上受顺时针旋转流所控制。总的趋势,在低频段海流的北分量自谱能量远比东分量自谱大。东分量谱相对北分量有一个较短的时间滞后,且北分量与东分量相关性较好。分析结果与以往对测站所在海区观测的潮流准调和分析结果相吻合。     

星载SAR浅海水下地形和水深测量模拟仿真──水下地形高度、坡度和方向与可测水深分析

根据星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)浅海水下地形和水深成像机理,建立了浅海水下地形和水深雷达后向散射截面仿真模型.利用该模型模拟并分析了不同地形条件下,浅海水下地形的雷达后向散射截面.分析结果表明,水下地形高度越高,SAR可测量的水深越深;水下地形坡度越大,越易被SAR所观测.水下地形的星载SAR测量还与水下地形的方向有关,与卫星飞行方向平行的水下地形最易被SAR观测,与卫星飞行方向垂直的水下地形最不易被SAR观测.     

利用卫星遥感监测南极海冰的研究和进展

本文是根据南极“八五”国家攻关课题中的“南极海冰监测和预报”的考核目标，实现为南极考察船在 冰区中航行提供精确和清晰的冰图和预报。     

Application of the first internal transcribed spacer(ITS-1) of ribosomal DNA as a molecular marker to population analysis in farrer''s scallop Chlamys farreri

Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA （ ITS - 1 ） was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter＇ s scallop Chlamys farreri. ITS - 1 fragments, with a length of about 300 bp,of 78 individuals collected from Dalian, Qingdao, Yantai in China and Korea respectively were amplified via PCR, cloned and sequenced. Intra-genomic variation was examined by sequencing several clones of single individuals. Alignment and polymorphism analysis detected 44 haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites which consist of 30 substitutions and 20 indels, indicating a high level of polymorphisms. Sequence analysis also showed a very low level of intra-individual variation. All these features validated the feasibility of application of ITS - 1 fragment to population analysis. Polymorphism analysis showed that the Korea sample has the richest genetic variation, followed by Yantai and Qingdao samples. AMOVA （analysis of molecular variance） showed that the majority （96.26%） of genetic variation was distributed within populations and 3.74% resulted from among populations, but with P 〈 0.05 （ = 0.042）, indicating that the populations in this study have significant divergence. This output was basically concordant with the result arising from RAPD data and different from that from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequence data. Discussion on this inconsistency was made accordingly.     

南极冰藻类囊体膜光系统研究进展

南极冰藻是南大洋碳流和能量流的重要组成部分,在该区域的生态系统中发挥着极其重要的作用.低温、低光照和高盐度对类囊体膜光系统的伤害必将影响冰藻对光能的吸收、传递和转换,从而影响冰藻的正常生长繁殖.事实上,冰藻为了能够在这寒冷骤变的环境中生存、繁衍,类囊体膜光系统在生理、代谢和遗传上进行了复杂的适应性改变,冰藻在低光照条件下保持很高的光合效率.因此研究南极冰藻类囊体膜光系统具有重要的理论意义.综述了南极冰藻类囊体膜光系统的研究进展,以期为进一步了解南极冰藻光系统作用机理提供依据.     

Determination of the Critical Value of Deflection for Embedded Cylindrical Structures

An embedded cylinder is a large-diameter cylinder embedded in a soil foundation. The state of failure of such an embedded cylindrical structure shows large deflection instead of slide and overturn of the traditional gravity type of structure placed on a rubble base or foundation base. The critical value of deflection of the embedded cylindrical structure, which is the maximum allowable deflection for stability calculation of the cylinder, is a vital control value. Through investigation on deflection and soil pressures on an embedded cylinder by model experiments, the variations of the angle of rotation θ of a cylinder with effective anti-overturning ratio η and moment MH of thrust are discussed. On the basis of experimental study, the critical value of deflection of the cylindrical structure is proposed in the paper. Meanwhile, the formulas for calculating deflection of cylinders are derived.     

南海北部及巴士海峡附近的水团分析

为解释黑潮水进入南海的方式 ,通过对 2 0 0 2年 5月 2 9日～ 6月 6日在南海及巴士海峡附近太平洋海域观测所得的资料进行水团分析 ,以四边形水团定量分析方法得到各水团在海区内的分布状况 ,同时分析了温度、盐度、密度和溶解氧的分布 ,并对在相同深度层次上的南海水和黑潮水性质进行了比较。观测海域的水团分为表层水团 (SW ) ,次表层水团 (SSW ) ,中层水团 (IW )和深层水团 (DW ) ,分别处于 0～ 5 0m ,5 0～ 3 0 0m ,40 0～ 10 0 0m ,10 0 0m以深。黑潮水进入南海 ,但是势力较弱 ,未能越过 119.5°E深入南海。     

利用浮标资料初步评估NCEP再分析湍通量

通过与浮标观测资料的对比分析,指出NCEP动量通量、再计算NCEP热通量更能够代表NCEP再分析数据库的数值模拟效果。当风速大于20m/s时,数值模拟的湍通量低于浮标块体湍通量,当风速在10～20m/s时,数值模拟的湍通量高于浮标块体湍通量。同时还发现数值模拟结果的延迟现象,以及不能反映大风过后快速的海气温差变化而引起的感热通量变化。