应用气压、暴雨标定地下水位的应力格值及其意义

随着地下水动态观测工作的开展以及观测仪器的改进,在不少井孔的观测中,观测到了由气压变化、急剧降水引起地下水位的变化现象。此现象一般称为“气压效应”和“暴雨效应”。笔者认为,研究气压效应及暴雨效应有更广泛的意义。例如,应用气压效应及暴雨效应来确定井孔地下水位的应力格值将有助于对井孔地下水位的基本特征的认识,有     

Application of multi-dimensional sequence similarity method in meteorology

The present work is devoted to multi-dimensional sequence similarity method with a view to predicting a typhoon analogous in both rainfall and track to the historical event. The result can be used in operational forecasts.     

Ra法找矿及其在异常评价中的应用

本文介绍带电收集片测定土等粉末样品的 Ra 含量来找 U 矿的方法,称为 Ra 法。此法灵敏度高,操作简便,成本低,可以使用~(210)Po 法曲仪器和铜片,便于推广使用。文中介绍了测 Ra 流程,测定误差和灵敏度.Ra 法在详查和区调阶段的用途。总结了深部盲矿、地表矿化和非矿异常地段上地表的 Ra、Po 和γ异常的特征,指明 Ra 法和 Po 法结合可用于评价异常,提高找深部铀矿的能力。     

关于地质统计学两个问题的研究

变异函数的拟合和计算费用高是目前地质统计学在推广应用中遇到的主要障碍。本文引出一种新的数学方法——线性规划法,基本上解块了变异函数的自动拟合问题;文章根据克里格方程组的结构,推导出一种无需逐块求方程的快速算法,使原来求解克里格估计值的巨大工作量被减少到可以忽略不计,彻底解块了地质统计方法储量计算的费用问题.     

消除强震加速度记录数字化误差的方法和处理软件

本文详细地分析了用数字化仪和激光扫描仪对模拟加速度记录进行数字化时所产生的误差及消除这些误差的方法，并开发了相关处理软件。数字化误差由数字化设备的系统误差和读数员在操作过程中的随机误差迭加而成，随机数字化误差是具有各态历经性质的、其振幅按高斯规律分布的平稳随机过程。利用激光扫描仪做强震记录数字化，工作效率很高。本文给出了激光扫描仪分析处理软件和消除数字化噪声实例。     

基于GIS和RUSLE的滇西北山区土壤侵蚀空间特征分析——以云南省丽江县为例

土壤侵蚀空间分布特征,是进行土壤侵蚀防治规划、实践的重要基础与依据。研究以云南省丽江县为例,应用RUSLE估算了县域土壤侵蚀量,并基于G IS的空间统计分析功能,分析了土壤侵蚀在海拔、坡度与土地利用类型等方面的空间分布特征。结果表明,全县平均土壤侵蚀模数为52.50 t/(hm2.a),属于强度侵蚀,县域东部的金沙江沿岸、3 500~6 000 m高程带、25°~90°坡度带,以及裸地与荒草地、旱地等不同类型区域是研究区土壤侵蚀治理的重点地区。     

藏东南部泥石流堵河试验研究

通过模型试验对泥石流入汇主河后堵塞坝形成过程以及堵塞坝体溃决后主河河床形态特征进行了研究。实验历时3个月,共13组试验。在支主沟交汇角为90°的情况下,通过改变支沟泥石流容重、支主沟的流量比和动量比,建立了泥石流堵河的判别公式,当r>1 001.16时容易发生堵河现象,并对培龙沟两次泥石流堵河事件进行了判定;定义了主河的束窄率S与主河流速变异系数Fv,并发现了主河的束窄率与支主沟动量比之间存在线性关系;主河稳定后的平均宽度与流速变异系数之间存在幂的关系。该实验能够较好地模拟泥石流堵塞坝形成的过程,结果比较合理,并为泥石流灾害的防治提供了相应的理论基础。     

Subsidence history and forming mechanism of anomalous tectonic subsidence in the Bozhong depression, Bohaiwan basin

The Bozhong depression of the Bohaiwan basin belongs to a family of extensional basins in East China, but is quite different from other parts of the basin. The Cenozoic subsidence of the depression is controlled by a combination of lithospheric thinning and polycyclic strike-slip movements. Three episodic rifts have been identified, i.e. Paleocence-early Eocene, middle-late Eocene and Oligocene age. The depression underwent syn-rift and post-rift stages, but two episodic dextral movement events of the strike-slip faults modify the subsidence of the Bozhong depression since the Oligocene. The early dextral movement of the Tan-Lu fault associated with crustal extension resulted in accelerated subsidence during the time of deposition of the Dongying Formation with a maximum thickness of 4000 m. A late reactivation of dextral movement of the Tan-Lu fault began in late Miocene (about 12 Ma), which resulted in the intense subsidence of Minghuazhen Formation and Quaternary. In addition, dynamic mantle convection-driven topography also accelerated the post-rift anomalous subsidence since the Miocene (24.6 Ma). Our results indicate that the primary control on rapid subsidence both during the rift and post-rift stages in the Bozhong depression originates from a combination of multiple episodic crustal extension and polycyclic dextral movements of strike-slip faults, and dynamic topography.     

山东省飞机增雨天气系统云水资源转化特征分析

利用水汽辐合法和水汽凝结法，对山东省1997－1999年春秋季18个降水过程的水汽辐合率、凝结率及降水效率等表征云水资源及其转化的特征量进行计算。分析了南方气旋、西北冷锋等主要降水天气系统以上特征量的地域分布和差别。可为人工增雨作业区域选择和航线设计提供气候背景。     

Shape Similarity measures of Linear Entities

The essential of feature matching technology lies in how to measure the similarity of spatial entities.Among all the possible similarity measures,the shape similarity measure is one of the most important measures because it is easy to collect the necessary parameters and it is also well matched with the human intuition.In this paper a new shape similarity measure of linear entities based on the differences of direction change along each line is presented and its effectiveness is illustrated.