Simple determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, sensitive and less destructive method for the determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in seawater. Combined with detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the method had sufficient sensitivity (minimum detectable concentration of DMS was 0.05 nM), and practical levels of reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤7%) and linearity (r ² > 0.995) over a wide concentration range (0.5 to 910 nM). The protocol developed was applied to a Sagami Bay water sample to determine concentrations of DMS and DMSP, and in situ DMSP-lyase activity.     

Eddy Shedding from the Kuroshio Bend at Luzon Strait

TOPEX/POSEDIENT-ERS satellite altimeter data along with the mean state from the Parallel Ocean Climate Model result have been used to investigate the variation of Kuroshio intrusion and eddy shedding at Luzon Strait during 1992–2001. The Kuroshio penetrates into the South China Sea and forms a bend. The Kuroshio bend varies with time, periodically shedding anticyclonic eddies. Criteria of eddy shedding are identified: 1) When the shedding event occurs, there are usually two centers of high Sea Surface Height (SSH) together with negative geostrophic vorticity in the Kuroshio Bend (KB) area. 2) Between the two centers of high SSH there usually exists positive geostrophic vorticity. These criteria have been used to determine the eddy shedding times and locations. The most frequent eddy shedding intervals are 70, 80 and 90 days. In both the winter and summer monsoon period, the most frequent locations are 119.5°E and 120°E, which means that the seasonal variation of eddy shedding location is unclear.     

钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及群体遗传结构的初步研究

采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对产于山东蓬莱水域的野生钝吻黄盖鲽同工酶组织特异性及其群体遗传结构进行研究。对钝吻黄盖碟的眼、鳃、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳍条共8种组织的15种同工酶分析结果表明,钝吻黄盖碟同工酶的表达呈明显的组织特异性。选择肝脏和肌肉2种组织的AAT,ADH,GPI,G3PDH,IDHP,LDH,MDH,MPI,PGDH,PGM,SDH和SOD共12种同工酶进行了钝吻黄盖碟种群结构遗传学分析,共记录了17个基因座位,其中,PGDH*,LDH*,PGM-1*和MPI-1*等4个基因座位呈多态,其多态座位比例为0.235 3(P0.99),观测杂合度和预期杂合度的平均值分别为0.019 6和0.018 1,平均有效等位基因数为1.093 0。     

黑潮延伸区的海平面异常和中尺度涡的统计分析

利用1993～2004年卫星高度计TP/Jason-1和 ERS/ENVISAT提供的海平面异常(SLA)融合数据,分析了黑潮延伸区12年来的平均海平面异常的变化特征及中尺度涡的分布规律.研究表明,在黑潮延伸区海平面异常(SLA)呈递增趋势,年平均上升率为8.89mm/a,显著性周期是1年、0.5年和6年;黑潮延伸区的海平面异常和海表面温度异常的低频分量与Nino3指数具有较高的相关性.这说明,黑潮延伸区的海平面变化和海表面温度与厄尔尼诺事件密切相关,都受到黑潮变化的密切影响.在日本东部的黑潮延伸区,中尺度涡自东向西移动,寿命约为1年,移动速度大约是10经度/年.气旋涡和反气旋涡的面积呈现几乎同步增减的规律,均呈年周期变化,上半年少,下半年多.在1997～1998年,黑潮延伸区内中尺度涡的面积显著减小,并且正好对应于Nino3指数极大值出现的年份.因此,黑潮延伸区内中尺度涡的数量和强度也与厄尔尼诺事件密切相关.     

钝顶螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白和多糖的抗肿瘤免疫活性研究

对钝顶螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白 (PC)和多糖 (PSP)的抗肿瘤免疫活性进行了研究。采用免疫酶标技术、MTT法及定量溶血分光光度测定法等免疫分析实验 ,从免疫器官、免疫细胞、免疫分子 3个水平上进行藻蓝蛋白和多糖的抗肿瘤免疫活性检测。结果显示 ,藻蓝蛋白和多糖处理组小鼠瘤块直径及瘤体重量均小于对照组 ,T细胞及 B细胞活性明显增强 ,体液抗体量显著提高 ,螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白比多糖抑制肿瘤细胞生长和提高机体免疫力的作用更明显。     

Geodynamics of the deep sedimentary basin of the Caspian Sea region: paragenetic correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism

In this paper we analyze seismic regime and earthquake depth distribution and correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism in the Azerbaijan and the Caspian Sea region. For the present region we have calculated accurate source locations, seismic activity, earthquake repetition and released earthquake energy parameters. It is shown that the active tectonic processes in the region are concentrated within the thick sedimentary cover that we consider as a general source of contemporary stress and a main structural element responsible for the origin of regional earthquakes. The correlation of seismicity and mud volcanism is of paragenetic character.     

投喂频率对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei Boone)生长、饲料利用及虾体组成影响的初步研究

本实验选用商品饲料饲养平均初体重为0．09g的南美白对虾，经过30d的生长实验，研究不同投喂频率对南美白对虾生长、成活以及饲料利用的影响。结果表明，随着投喂频率由3次／天增加到5次／天，南美白对虾的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率显著提高，而饲料系数则显著降低，但当投喂频率由5次／天增加到7次／天时，南美白对虾增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率并无显著提高。对对虾全虾体主要组成成分的分析表明南美白对虾体主要组成成分并不受投喂频率增加的影响。     

胶州湾东岸滩涂环境的遥感监测

利用低潮位陆地卫星TM影像对胶州湾东岸碱厂白水分布与扩散进行监测。对研究区的子区影像在ENVI中进行增强、变换处理，提取白水、白泥分布与扩散信息，制作大比例尺影像地图，在GIS软件中计算其面积。结合实地验证和历史数据，分析表明，该污染源10多年来面积扩大了4倍，     

大亚湾水域两种拟菱形藻的形态学鉴定及毒素分析

对2005年分离自广东大亚湾的两种潜在产毒拟菱形藻进行了形态学观察和毒性分析.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察确认藻种为细弱拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata)和多纹拟菱形藻(P.multistriata).采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对这两种藻的常规培养样进行软骨藻酸毒素检测,结果均未检测到软骨藻酸.鉴于以上两种拟菱形藻存在着潜在产毒特性,不同培养条件的诱导实验尚需继续.     

青岛近海地区SO2和SO42-干沉降速率的季节变化

用小麦岛和团岛观测站提供的青岛近海气象和水温资料,以适于SO2气体和硫酸盐(SO42-)气溶胶的干沉降模型研究了模型中的输送阻尼对两种污染物质干沉降速率的贡献,并计算了2003年青岛近海地区两种污染物质干沉降速率的季节变化。结果表明:对SO2而言,粘性副层传输系数对沉降速率的贡献大于空气动力学传输系数;对于SO42-,空气动力学传输系数对沉降速率的贡献要大于表面传输系数。SO2和SO42-的干沉降速率变化范围分别为0.187~0.868cm/s和0.188~0.532cm/s。两种污染物质干沉降速率的四季变化有相似的规律,即冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。