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1.
Soil moisture, a critical variable in the hydrologic cycle, is highly influenced by vegetation restoration type. However, the relationship between spatial variation of soil moisture, vegetation restoration type and slope length is controversial. Therefore, soil moisture across soil layers (0-400 cm depth) was measured before and after the rainy season in severe drought (2015) and normal hydrological year (2016) in three vegetation restoration areas (artificial forestland, natural forestland and grassland), on the hillslopes of the Caijiachuan Catchment in the Loess area, China. The results showed that artificial forestland had the lowest soil moisture and most severe water deficit in 100-200 cm soil layers. Water depletion was higher in artificial and natural forestlands than in natural grassland. Moreover, soil moisture in the shallow soil layers (0-100 cm) under the three vegetation restoration types did not significantly vary with slope length, but a significant increase with slope length was observed in deep soil layers (below 100 cm). In 2015, a severe drought hydrological year, higher water depletion was observed at lower slope positions under three vegetation restoration types due to higher transpiration and evapotranspiration and unlikely recharge from upslope runoff. However, in 2016, a normal hydrological year, there was lower water depletion, even infiltration recharge at lower slope positions, indicating receiving a large amount of water from upslope. Vegetation restoration type, precipitation, slope length and soil depth during a rainy season, in descending order of influence, had significant effects on soil moisture. Generally, natural grassland is more beneficial for vegetation restoration than natural and artificial forestlands, and the results can provide useful information for understanding hydrological processes and improving vegetation restoration practices on the Loess Plateau 相似文献
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Zhi-gen Yang Wen-yao Zhu C. K. Shum Feng-chun Shu 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2002,26(4):303-502
The vertical deformation rates (VDRs) and horizontal deformation rates (HDRs) of Shanghai VLBI station in China and Kashima and Kashima34 VLBI stations in Japan were re-analysed using the baseline length change rates from Shanghai to 13 global VLBI stations, and from Kashima to 27 stations and from Kashima34 to 12 stations, based on the NASA VLBI global solution glb1123 (Ma, 1999). The velocity vectors of the global VLBI stations were referred to the ITRF97 reference frame, and the Eulerian vectors of different models of plate motion were used for comparative solutions. The VDR of Shanghai station is estimated to be −1.91±0.56 mm/yr, and those of Kashima and Kashima34 stations, −3.72±0.74mm/yr and −8.81±0.84mm/yr, respectively. The difference between the last two was verified by further analysis. Similar estimates were also made for the Kokee, Kauai and MK_VLBA VLBI stations in mid-Pacific. 相似文献
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针对现有的基于证书的认证加密方案通信量和计算量大的缺点,提出了基于自证明公钥的可公开验证的认证加密方案。详细阐述了方案的系统初始化、签名生成、消息恢复验证以及公开验证4个阶段,方案的安全性是基于求解离散对数的困难性(DLP)和强单向hash函数(OWFH)的不可逆。该方案在没有签名者的协作下,任何验证者都可验证签名者的诚实性,在验证签名的同时可认证签名者的公钥,因而减少了存储空间、通信量和计算量。 相似文献
4.
在修改的Ohta_Okamoto数字签名方案基础上,设计出了一个新的(t,n)门限签名方案。该方案具有可验证性和防止内部成员合谋攻击;而且验证者在验证群签名的有效性计算的复杂性与一般个人签名方案一样。该方案的安全性是基于大整数的因式分解,因此在计算上是安全的。 相似文献
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邓礼标 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(5):126-130
针对航海技术的现状和发展趋势 ,提出了高等航海教育应向国际化、高素质化、现代化、技能化、规范化发展 ,以培养高素质的国际航运人才。 相似文献
6.
本文简述了国际天球参考架的发展历史和现在射电参考架的现状—基准源选择的标准和参考架的稳定性。描述了地面上光学观测在依巴谷参考架的维持和加密的一系列工作。介绍由天体测量卫星GAIA和SIM给出的天球参考架可能逵到的精度。详述了在今后十年中地面天体测量的作用以及正在开展有关天球参考架的研究课题 ,同时也列出了我国正在和即将开展天体测量的几个研究课题 相似文献
7.
The new polyenzyme method for making gravy from Harengula zunasi offal involves protein enzymolysis with flavorase after proper alkaline and neutral protease levels were established by orthogonal trials to select the best hydrolytic conditions for processing offal with alkaline and neutral protease. The conditions for the polyenzyme method were pH of 7.0, temperature of 50℃ , alkaline and neutral protease concentration of 1.5% respectively, hydrolysis time of 120 min, andflavorase concentration of 2.0% , for 60 min. The new gravy-making technology yields a nutritious and delicious gravy containing 40.3 % of total essential amino acids, with delicious amino acids Glu, Asp, Gly, Ala, Pro and Ser comprising 49.5% , total and amino nitrogen being respectively1.9 and 1.1 g/100 g (amino acid nitrogen being 61.0% of total nitrogen), The polyenzyme method was used to make 14.8% protein gravy from Harengula zunasi offal. In addition, in inorganic elements, the phosphorus content is the highest. 相似文献
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主要介绍卫星天线控制系统中天线旋转定位控制的软硬件设计和实现。该部分的主要功能是:接收红外遥控器的信号;检测前面板上的按键信号;检测传感器反馈的信号;根据所得信号作出相应的动作。 相似文献