中国煤田构造研究进展

新一轮全国煤炭资源潜力评价工作在煤田构造与构造控煤作用研究方面取得重大进展,整体深化了对中国煤田构造发育规律的认识。提出赋煤构造单元的概念,建立了赋煤构造单元区划层次结构,系统总结了各赋煤构造区构造单元的煤田构造特征。从煤系变形控制因素角度,揭示了中国煤田构造展布的分区分带特征,把中国煤田构造格局划分为两大构造区域、三大煤系变形带、五大一级赋煤构造单元。提出煤盆地构造类型划分方案,研究了主要聚煤期古构造格局及其对成煤盆地发育的控制作用,恢复了煤田构造演化历程。建立了控煤构造样式分类方案,强调构造变形和构造形态对煤系现今赋存状态的控制作用,使构造控煤有了明确的载体。     

LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon geochronology and Hf isotope,geochemistry and kinetics of the Daxigou anorthosite from Kuruqtagh block,NW China

Kuruqtagh block is the best area for Precambrian geology in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, NW China, since it exposed complete Precambrian lithology units. The study of this ancient base will deepen the understanding of the Precambrian evolution of the Tarim Basin. In this paper, we studied the petrology, geochemistry, zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb chronology and zircon Hf isotope of Daxigou anorthosite （DA） which is located at the northem margin of Tarim craton and discussed the rock formation, tectonic and geological significance. Zircons from the intrusions display oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios （0.39-1.35）, implying their magmatic origin. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results indicate that they formed during the Paleoproterozoic age with the weighted 2~6pb/238U average age of 1818~9 Ma, which is significantly different from former＇s Neoproterozoic age, and is co- incidentally identical with its associated syenite granite age within the error range. Studies on petrogeochemistry suggest that DA belongs to medium-sodium peraluminous alkaline type, rich in Pb, La, Th and LILE, and poor in HFSE （Gd, Nd, and Ta）. The chondrite-normalized REE pattern is slightly to the right form. The average Y~REE is 317.2~ 10-6; HREE show moderate fractionation [average LREE/HREE is 14.71, average （La/Yb）N is 24.77; average （LaJSm）N is 3.85, and average （Gd/Yb）y is 3.46]; and the 6Eu and 8Ce are not obvious. Their initial Hf isotope ratios and Hf two-stage model ages range from -6.6 to -4.43 and 2.63 to 2.74 Ga, respectively. Taken together, it is sug- gested that Daxigou anorthosite is a typical volcanic anorthosite and its primary magma could be contaminated by the partial melt Neoarchaean crust and mainly formed in the arc environment, which recoded the tectonic-magma activities response of the Tarim refers to the amalgamation of the supercontinent Columbia.     

非均质含水层中渗流与溶质运移研究进展简

Natural aquifer heterogeneity controls the groundwater flow and solute transport, and how to accurately quantify the flow and solute transport in heterogeneous aquifers has received wide attention by many scholars, and has become a hot research topic in earth science. Theoretically, a systematic review is given by the following aspect: flow and solute transport model, moment analysis, multi scale analysis. The resolved and remained issues for scale conversion in hydrogeology research are pointed out. Secondly, recent advances of heterogeneous field test, uncertainty and velocity connectivity are analyzed. Finally, the geophysical inversion of aquifer heterogeneity, stochastic theory and development of stochastic simulation software, scale conversion and uncertainty of velocity connectivity, and the relationship between heterogeneity and hydrogeological condition on the major four aspects of the future research direction is pointed out.     

遥感地质解译路线在西藏羌塘地区1∶5万区域地质调查中的应用

区域地质遥感调查是近几年来一直采用的一种新的地质调查方法,最大特点是充分利用遥感图像的空间宏观优势,结合地面调查工作进行多层次的影像地质解译,在整体上提高对工作区区域地质特征的全面认识,解决突出的基础地质问题和与成矿有关的关键问题,加快填图速度,提高成图质量。目前,可应用的遥感数据种类多、波段丰富、分辨率高,遥感数据处理的技术和方法越来越先进,为高质量成图和深入解译奠定了基础。本文在总结了工作中遥感数据的采集、处理、解译、应用的基础上,提出了遥感地质解译路线的必要性和方法,进一步规范了遥感地质解译路线的内容和样式,为区域地质调查遥感地质解译路线编制提供参考。     

黑龙江张家湾岩体锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学及其地质意义

通过对兴蒙造山带东段小兴安岭-张广才岭地区张家湾岩体石英闪长岩、正长花岗岩进行的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分析测试、岩石地球化学的各项分析测试,综合分析研究表明,石英闪长岩形成于早侏罗世(176.2±1.8Ma),具浆混花岗岩特点,属壳幔混合成因;正长花岗岩形成于中侏罗世(166±2.2Ma),具"S"型花岗岩的地球化学属性,属壳源熔融成因。结合该区大地构造背景,认为张家湾岩体很可能是环太平洋增生地体的佳木斯板块与西侧的张广才岭地块碰撞造山作用形成。     

深圳东门61号大院基坑支护设计与施工

深圳东门61号大院项目临近地铁和浅基础房屋,基坑开挖深度17.15 m和18.60 m.基坑支护设计根据不同周边环境和地质情况采取咬合桩、冲孔桩、旋喷桩、内支撑及锚索等多种支护形式,运用三维数值分析方法对基坑施工进行模拟计算,分析了基坑开挖过程变形情况及其对地铁的影响,确保了基坑的安全施工,为同类基坑开挖提供了一个很好的工程实例.     

青海共和盆地中低温地热流体发电

青海省是我国地热资源相对丰富的地区, 但其主要地热能开发利用方式长期以来为效率较低的直接利用.以青海东北部地热异常明显的共和盆地为典型研究区, 依据前期地热地质调查和地球物理工作成果, 在盆地北部施工了终孔深度为1 852 m的DR2井, 获取了温度达84.2 ℃的地热流体.在此基础上, 建立了青海省首个试验地热发电站, 设计年平均净发电量为114 kW.与利用高温地热流体发电的西藏羊八井地热电站不同, 青海共和试验地热电站是青藏高原利用中低温地热流体发电的典范, 有望为青海省能源结构优化做出开拓性贡献.总体来看, 共和盆地地热流体温度较高、水量丰富、具有较大的发电潜力, 但在开发利用过程中也应注意结垢问题.      

Detail focused fusion of hyperspectral and multispectral imagesEI北大核心CSCD

Hyperspectral image (HSI) and multispectral image (MSI) are two types of images widely used in the field of remote sensing. These images are useful in certain applications, such as environmental monitoring, target detection, and mineral exploration. HSI contains a large amount of spectral information. Photons are typically collected in a larger spatial area on the sensor to ensure a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Accordingly, the HSI spatial resolution is much lower compared with MSI. This low spatial resolution greatly affects the practicality of HSI. Accordingly, fusing a low-spatial resolution HSI (LR-HSI) with a high-spatial resolution MSI (HR-MSI) in the same scene to obtain a high-resolution HSI (HR-HSI) is a method for solving such problems, which resolves the contradiction that the spatial resolution and the spectral resolution cannot simultaneously maintain a high level. From the analysis of fusion effect, the spatial and spectral reconstruction errors of the existing algorithms are mainly reflected in the edge and detail areas. The method proposed in this work was a fusion algorithm for dictionary construction and image reconstruction based on detail attention. In terms of maintaining spectral characteristics, the spectral distribution in the detail area is complex and diverse because of the proximity effect of the image. This work proposes to perform dictionary learning on the image and detail layers. The detail perception error terms and a constraint of edge adaptive directional total variation are proposed for spatial characteristic enhancement, which is combined with a local low rank constraint in the same fusion framework to estimate the sparse coefficient. Experiments were conducted on two datasets, namely, Pavia University and Indian Pine, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The quantitative evaluation metrics contain peak SNR, relative dimensionless global error in synthesis, spectral angle map, and universal image quality index. Based on the experimental comparison, the fusion result of the algorithm proposed in this work is significantly improved compared with those of the other algorithms in terms of spatial and spectral characteristics. This work uses dictionary learning to propose a fusion algorithm for dictionary construction and image reconstruction with attention to details through the analysis of the existing hyperspectral and multispectral image fusion algorithms. A hierarchical dictionary learning algorithm is proposed to address the problem of large reconstruction error in the detail part of the existing algorithms. The detail perception error term and the direction adaptive full variational regularization term are used to improve the spectral dictionary solution and coefficient estimation, respectively. The result of the fusion is the error in the spectral characteristics and spatial texture of the detail, which achieves an accurate representation of the edge detail. © 2022 National Remote Sensing Bulletin. All rights reserved.     

Comparison of nominal and standardized catch per unit effort data in quantifying habitat suitability of skipjack tuna in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

In the western and central Pacific Ocean, upper strata waters exhibit highly dynamic oceanographic features under ENSO variability. This has been proved to be responsible for the dynamic change of both abundance and zonal distribution of skipjack tuna(Katsuwonus pelamis). Although causality has been suggested by researchers using physical–biological interaction models, cumulative evidence needs to be obtained and the tenability of assertion needs to be tested from an ecological habitat perspecti...     

环印度洋地区中国国家风险的综合评估及时空演变分析

环印度洋地区对中国经济发展与国家安全至关重要,但是环印度洋地区广阔的地域空间和复杂的社会环境,对中国企业投资、商贸往来等构成诸多潜在风险。基于2005—2019年环印度洋地区49个国家的相关数据,从政治、经济、社会和文化4个维度选取22个指标构建环印度洋地区国家风险评价指标体系,利用动态时间规整和地图可视化探究环印度洋地区5个子区域2005—2019年综合风险及各维度风险的时空演变特点。研究结果表明：① 2005—2019年,环印度洋地区国家的综合风险总体呈下降趋势,但区域内国家仍集中在中风险和较高风险等级;② 巴基斯坦?阿富汗?伊拉克?伊朗和埃及?苏丹?厄立特里亚?索马里是区域内2大综合风险高值集聚区,环印度洋地区国家的综合风险呈现较为明显的“区域集聚性”特点;③ 不同地区主导风险不同,政治风险是除澳大利亚以外其他地区的主导风险,也是环印度洋地区目前最主要的风险来源。