Study on drilling mechanism and optimization of percussion-extruding DTH hammer bit

The authors tested the percussion-extruding Down-the-hole （DTH）hammer bit with five different structures and mainly analyzed the drilling mechanism between conical bit and stepped bit. In addition, aiming at ＂the pile effect＂ in combination with the advantage＇ of stepped bit, we design a new cam spinning bit and test it outdoors. The result shows that using cam spinning bit can solve the problem of ＂the pile effect＂, which can also obtain higher drilling efficiency than using conical bit in high confining pressure strata. It is characterized by novel structure and high drilling speed as well as good guiding, and it is significant for improving efficiency in percussion-extruding drilling technique.     

SII型海洋重力仪稳定平台倒台故障分析与处理

SⅡ型海洋重力仪凭借其动态测量精度高、系统可靠性强等优点已日益成为海洋调查中重力测量的重要仪器之一。从SⅡ型海洋重力仪在使用中出现的稳定平台倒台故障着手，分析了平台倒台故障的原因以及处理方法，并对仪器使用中的注意事项以及改进建议作了介绍。     

Orbital linkages of Comet 6P/d'Arrest based on its asymmetric light curve

We present an investigation of different models of the nongravitational acceleration on Comet 6P/d'Arrest, as used in orbital linkages spanning 150 years from the discovery of the comet in 1851 until the recent observations made in 2001. Some of our models use the time-shifted g-like function to represent the variation of outgassing rate, but the main thrust is on models using instead a production curve that is fitted to recent light curve observations—mainly those in 1976. We pay special attention to the proper scaling of such a production curve, when applied to other apparitions with a different perihelion distance q, and we find a best fit with a q^−1.6 power-law. Generally, the best fit is found with models, in which the acceleration components are expressed in terms of the angular parameters of the rotating nucleus. We thus find the orientation of the spin axis, and using the orbital evolution we are able to predict a variable time shift of the outgassing curve. The very best results are found when applying this time shift to the light-curve based, angular models. The totality of the 1851-2001 observations can then be linked with a mean residual of less than 4″. This may be brought down to ∼^2″ by solving for individual ‘activity parameters’ of all apparitions, which are multiplicative factors applied to the acceleration amplitudes. These turn out to be within 10% of unity for the best fit. We have also performed a linkage to the observations of Comet 1678 (La Hire) using our models. We find an indication of a secular increase of the amount of asymmetry of the outgassing with respect to perihelion, part of which is due to the variable time shift caused by the orbital evolution.     

Sediment resuspension events induced by the wake wash of deep-draft vessels

Hydrodynamics and sediment resuspension events, induced at the shoreline by a deep-draft vessel passing nearby, are described. Measurements (pressure, currents and turbidity) were obtained at 4 Hz, on a lower beach ~50 m from a channel where large car ferries operate in Wootton Creek, Isle of Wight. The study focuses on a representative 8-min 32-s-long record, during which two large vessels passed the channel section. At the shore, the passage of each vessel induced a long-period water-level drawdown, followed by a water-level oscillation (seiche) of similar period, and the short-period waves of the wake. Both drawdowns were the main constituents of the prevailing wave pattern. The second drawdown was the largest in amplitude, in response to a higher speed of the ferry, and the influence of the seiche which had been activated during the preceding event. Two successive peaks of turbidity were observed shortly after this drawdown. Analyses of current velocity and direction indicate that the sediments resuspended originated from the shallower upper beach. Anthropogenically induced erosion of the foreshore is predicted at Wootton Creek.     

浅析MapInfo到KML格式的数据转换过程中的技术方法

详细分析了GIS数据格式与KML数据格式的差异性和数据转换的技术瓶颈,并提出了解决方案和总体设计方法.以GIS中最常用的MapInfo数据格式为例,利用MapBasic语言在MapInfo平台上进行了二次开发,编写了一个数据转换插件,并基本实现了MapInfo到KML格式的数据转换.     

福建砂质海岸侵蚀原因和防护对策研究

本文通过对福建沿海砂质海岸侵蚀的调查,对福建砂质海岸侵蚀后退日趋严重现象进行了分析,针对福建不同岸段海滩的侵蚀特点,在地域上按侵蚀强弱划分为4个区域,并对各区侵蚀现象特点进行总结并分析原因,在此基础上提出一些海岸侵蚀的防治措施和建议.     

不同生物量的乳酸杆菌对对虾养殖池3种常见优势微藻的影响

在实验室条件下,分别把对虾养殖池常见优势种——微绿球藻（Nannochloropsis oculata）、隐藻（Cryptomonas erosa）和颤藻（Oscillatoria）与乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillusspp.）在对虾养殖水体中共同培养,研究不同生物量的乳酸杆菌对3种微藻的影响.实验分4组,乳酸杆菌分C1（10^3cells/cm^3）组、C2（10^4cells/cm^3）组、C3（10^5cells/cm^3）组、C4（10^6cells/cm^3）组四个浓度.结果表明：不同生物量的乳酸杆菌对不同微藻的影响有很大差异.C1（10^3cells/cm^3）乳酸杆菌对微绿球藻的生长没有明显的影响,对隐藻和颤藻生长有明显的抑制作用.C2（10^4cells/cm^3）乳酸杆菌对微绿球藻和隐藻生长有明显的促进作用,对颤藻生长有明显的抑制作用.C3（10^5cells/cm^3）乳酸杆菌对隐藻生长有明显的抑制作用,对颤藻的生长有明显的促进作用.C4（10^6cells/cm^3）乳酸杆菌对微绿球藻和颤藻生长有较明显的促进作用,对隐藻生长有微弱的抑制作用.无论是抑制作用还是促进作用,这种作用都随实验时间的延长而减弱.     

闽东沿岸2004～2006年浮游植物生态特征研究

根据闽东海洋环境监测中心2004年-2006年阂东沿岸生态调查的资料，分析和研究了闽东沿岸浮游植物的生态特征．共鉴定出浮游植物的种类3个门39属共134种，其中硅藻门的种类占总种数的80％，为该调查海域主要门类．主要优势种是中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、旋链角毛藻（Chaetoceros curvisetus）、尖刺拟菱形藻（Pseudo—nitzschia pungens）和丹麦细柱藻（Leptocylindrus danicus）等．浮游植物的丰度分布，呈现由调查海域东北侧向西南侧、由近岸向远岸减少的空间特征，夏季高、春季低的季节变化特点，并且有逐年减少的年际变化趋势．本调查海域浮游植物多样性指数较高，群落较稳定．     

昆承湖水流水质计算分析

在模拟昆承湖水流流场的基础上,模拟化学需氧量(CODMn)在湖水中的扩散情况;同时,利用昆承湖实测资料和水质的浓度场计算结果,得到其枯季环境容量.可以看出,昆承湖的流速较小,且方向由西北流向东南,可能是受长江径流和湖底西北高东南低的地形特征影响;从昆承湖的CODMn浓度实测值和计算值中,可以看出小于其水环境质量标准限值.这将进一步为实现常熟市湖泊水环境质量的不断提高、生态状况的持续改善与科学管理提供依据.     

产业集聚与城镇空间格局的耦合关系及时空演化——以长三角区域为例

产业集聚与城镇空间格局的变动之间存在着密切的联系。针对两者之间的耦合关系及时空演化问题,构建区域产业集聚与城镇空间格局演化综合评价指标,并利用1990—2016年长三角区域16个城市的统计数据,基于面板回归模型和空间重心模型探究两系统之间演化的互动作用关系和时空演化。结果表明：长三角区域的产业集聚与城镇空间格局间存在较显著的耦合关系;长三角区域各市区的耦合协调度及空间匹配度均稳步提升,但长三角区域耦合协调发展程度不够均衡,长三角南部的耦合协调的发展程度稍弱于长三角区域北部的发展;在近几十年的发展中,长三角北部地区逐渐形成以上海-南京为轴线的耦合协调发展区域,整个长三角区域的耦合协调则呈现“Z”字形特征。