Comparative research and its significance of deformation measurements by technologies of laser real-time holographic interferometry and radar differential interferometry

The principles and applications of laser real-time holographic interferometry （LRTHI） and radar differential interferometry （RDI） technologies are described in this paper, respectively. By using LRTHI, we can observe the deformation of samples under pressure in the lab and study the anomaly characteristics relating to different strain fields in different fracture-developing areas; while by using RDI, we can observe the landform and surface deformation. The results of deformation observed before and after the Ms=7.9 Mani earthquake （Tibet） and Ms=6.2 Shangyi-Zhangbei earthquake in China are obtained. It is pointed out that LRTHI and RDi are similar, which study the characteristics of anomalous deformation field by fringe variations for both of them. Therefore, the observation of deformation field in the seismogenic process, especially in the period impending an earthquake by RDI, and the comparative study in the lab by LRTHI are of great significance.     

由遥感资料反演介质应力状态的原理与数学方法

实验证明，当物质（体）受到应力作用时，应力能够引起物质（体）电磁辐射能量发生改变．遥感器接收到的电磁辐射能量是由受载物体自身温度和应力共同引起的总辐射能量（观测值）组成．如何将二者定量地分离开，进而反演介质所处的温度状态和应力状态，在地震预测预报、大型岩土工程稳定性监测中, 是一个具有实际意义的问题．本文详细论述了如何采用多波段遥感观测，通过数学手段将二者分离并反演应力的方法, 并列举算例加以证实．      

The statistical study of precursory anomalies observed in Chinese Seismological Network

ｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＧｅｎｅｒａｌｙｗｅｒｅｇａｒｄｔｈｅｖａｒｉａｂｌｅｐａｒｔｓｏｆｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｙｄａｔａｆｒｏｍｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｄｉｓｔｕｒｂａｎｃｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎａｌｅｒｏｒｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｒｅｍｏｖｅｄａｓｔ...     

地震短期预测方法物理机理的研究途径

通过实验室研究与野外观测实验分析，可以揭示典型短期前兆现象的动力机制和响应条件。基于特殊条件岩石力学实验结果，给出典型地震活动图像产生的条件及其物理机制。进行多种类型、不同尺度动力作用的野外试验，对流体前兆成因过程的机理进行揭示和解释。进行地电阻率、地电场的典型观测研究，建立异常识别的综合分析方法等。这些研究工作是探索地震短期预测方法物理机理的有效途径。     

Ionospheric Ne disturbances before 2007 Pu’er,Yunnan, China,earthquake

Selecting three half orbits near the epicenter of Pu’er earthquake, we analyzed the Ne data recorded in their revis-ited orbits during a year before this earthquake, and extracted Ne precursors. The results show that: ① There are significant seasonal variations of ionospheric Ne in night time, which exhibit different shapes respectively in four seasons; ② There are three main shapes of Ne: single-peak, saddle-shaped and even-shaped, all of which may oc-cur in four seasons, but each season with its typical shape relatively; ③ Spatial images of Ne showed high values near the epicenter in 30 days before the earthquake, and there is a good correlation between anomaly and distribu-tion of earthquake in space and time, which reflects that these spatial anomalies were indeed concerned with the earthquake; ④There shows a certain similarity of the Ne curves among revisited orbits, which can provide back-ground information for distinguishing and identification of seismic anomaly.     

Ionospheric Ne disturbances before 2007 Pu’er, Yunnan, China, earthquake

Selecting three half orbits near the epicenter of Pu'er earthquake, we analyzed the Ne data recorded in their revis-ited orbits during a year before this earthquake, and extracted Ne precursors. The results show that: ① There are significant seasonal variations of ionospheric Ne in night time, which exhibit different shapes respectively in four seasons; ② There are three main shapes of Ne: single-peak, saddle-shaped and even-shaped, all of which may oc-cur in four seasons, but each season with its typical s...     

Science Express载文“对PKJKP的观测：关于内核剪切特性的推断”

2005年4月14日美国《Science Express》在线杂志发表了一篇有关固体地核存在的直接证据的文章，题目为“An Observation of PKJK：Inferences on Inner Core Shear Property”(对PKJKP的观测：关于内核剪切特性的推断)。作者Aimin Cao，Barbara Romanowicz和Nozomu Takeuchi，分别来自美国加州大学伯克利分校的地震实验室和日本东京大学地震研究所。     

倾斜椭圆潮汐因子及地震预报研究

从固体潮理论出发证明了分点大潮倾斜潮的特征图像是一个椭圆,推广到一般朔望大潮也存在大潮倾斜椭圆,因而可以计算椭圆潮汐因子,滇西地震预报试验场及其附近地区的观测表明,椭圆潮汐因子异常与强震有良好的相关性,并从物理意义上进行了解释。     

地电阻率多极距观测反演初步研究

地电阻率多极距观测的目的是借助对观测数据的反演获得地下介质中不同层位真电阻率的变化.本文以3层结构为例,对地电阻率多极距观测的一维反演的效果进行了初步地理论研究.首先研究了一维地电阻率结构下观测数据一维反演的模拟效果,得到了各层电阻率值,且与真电阻率值很接近,说明在地下电性结构为一维的情况下,电阻率多极距观测可以区分出不同地层的电阻率变化.其次,考虑到台址下电阻率结构的复杂性,研究了上两层界面存在起伏的情况下,多极距观测数据一维反演的效果,结果显示:当电阻率变化较小时,各层反演得到的电阻率的变化与真电阻率十分符合;当上两层介质的电阻率变化较大时,各层反演得到的电阻率出现畸变,与真实电阻率的变化情况存在一定差别,表明浅层电阻率变化达到一定程度后将会影响对深部电阻率变化情况的正确判断.一般情况下,观测的时间间隔越短,则连续两次观测时段内各层介质的电阻率变化越小,因此缩短多极距观测的时间间隔可能是避免出现上述畸变现象的有效观测手段.