Vertical flux of particulate organic carbon in the central South China Sea estimated from 234Th-238U disequilibria

234Th-238u disequilibria were applied to examine the particle dynamics in the euphotic zone of the central South China Sea during the spring 2002 cruise. The particulate organic carbon (POC), 234Th (including both dissolved and particulate) and 238U in the water column at three stations were determined. The profiles of 234Th/238U activity ratio at the three stations all showed consistent 234Th deficit as compared to 238U in the upper 100 m water column. Based on the profiles of the dissolved and particulate 234Th and a steady state box model, the dissolved 234Th scavenging rates, the particulate 234Th removal rates and their resident times were quantified. It was found that the POC downward export fluxes out of the upper 100 m euphotic zone ranged from 9.40 to 14.78 mmol.m-2.d-1. The results from this study provide new information for our understanding of carbon biogeochemical cycle in the South China Sea.     

粤东甲子附近海域潮流特征研究

针对2012-04—07甲子以东海域3个站的潮位和海流连续观测资料,采用潮汐和潮流调和分析、海流旋转功率谱等方法,研究了它们的潮汐和各层潮流的分布特征,探讨了这些特征形成的原因。结果表明:1)甲子港及其以东40km海域典型日潮的形成是由于M2分潮的无潮点的存在和潮能在甲子外海的辐散两种原因引起的;2)日潮海域的潮流则是正规半日潮流的性质;3)研究海域的潮波较为复杂,驻波性质不明显,前进波性质较为突出;4)通过类比黄河口M2分潮的无潮点,认为该海区存在一个退化到岸上的M2无潮点是可能的。     

九龙江河口湾高浓度悬沙水体的分布与扩散特征

通过对九龙江河口湾洪水期和枯水期含沙量等值线的分析,描述了河口湾内悬浮泥沙的时空分布特征及其在涨潮和落潮期间的变化情况,并对洪水期大潮湾内水质点的滞流点位置作了计算.结果表明,水流运动和水体含沙量沿入海方向均呈现有规律的变化,河口湾内存在两个主要水流滞流区,一处位于海门岛北部,一处位于鸡屿东侧.悬浮泥沙的分布和水流运动间呈现明显的相关性.     

南海蓖麻海绵化学成分的研究

对采自我国南海海域的蓖麻海绵Biemnasp .的化学成分进行了研究。从中分离出 4个结晶化合物。经FT -IR ,MS ,1 HNMR ,1 3　CNMR ,DEPT等波谱方法鉴定分别为正二十八酸(Ⅰ) ,正十六酸 (Ⅱ) ,穿贝海绵甾醇 (Ⅲ )和biemnamide (Ⅳ )。报道了 (Ⅰ) ,(Ⅱ) ,(Ⅲ )的化学结构和 (Ⅳ )的生理活性     

南海蓖麻海绵化学成分的研究

对采自我国南海海域的蓖麻海绵Biemna sp.的化学成分进行了研究,从中分离出4个结晶化合物,经FT－IR,MS,^-HNMR,^13CNMR,DEPT等波谱方法鉴定分别为正二十八酸（I）,正十六酸（II）,穿贝海绵甾醇（III）和biemnamide(IV),报道了（I）,（II）,（III）的化学结构和（IV）的生理活性。     

基于深度学习的视频观测潮位技术研究——以厦门高崎码头为例

近岸潮位观测是海洋工程应用、海岸防灾减灾、海岸带管理以及海洋有关科研工作中最基础的工作之一。文章基于视频图像深度学习的方法,使用YOLOv5目标检测算法从安装在近岸的固定摄像机拍摄的视频帧中提取潮汐水位特征进行潮位分析。研究采用厦门高崎码头的分辨率为1920×1080的高清摄像头2023年2月的影像数据作为训练集和验证集,2023年3月的影像数据作为测试集,利用岸边验潮井逐时潮位数据进行标注,采用YOLOv5目标检测算法来训练。计算结果显示,通过视频观测潮位在训练集和测试集上的误差分别为3.9 cm和5.3 cm。视频中1个像素点代表3.8 cm,因此潮位观测的平均误差为像素级。研究表明在近岸通过高清摄像头基于图像深度学习进行潮位观测的方法是可行的,观测精度取决于图像目标物的分辨率。     

大亚湾核电站周围海域水生生物人工放射性核素辐射剂量率的蒙特卡罗计算

为了定量研究核电站液态流出物对水生生物的辐射,建立了核电站周围海域水生生物辐射剂量模型,用MCNP程序对大亚湾l1种辐射参考生物的人工核素辐射剂量率进行了计算．生物体建模时采用2个椭球体模型,分别模拟全身和器官团．选取了对生物影响最大的9种人工核素作为源项逐一模拟．最后以”’Cs、”Sr、…“Ag三种核素为例,根据其海水中的比活度计算出生物的吸收剂量率．结果表明在正常工况下大亚湾水生生物受到的辐射剂量是安全的,而且生物浓缩核素的内照射贡献了98％以上的辐射剂量．即使是在非正常工况下,海水中放射性核素含量升高,但只要比活度尚未超过海水水质标准的比活度限值,水生生物受到的剂量（最大剂量约3．420mGy／a）仍然是安全的．本研究结果可用于评价核电站对海域生态环境的景;响。以及水生物种的辐射防护工作．     

Vertical flux of particulate organic carbon in the central South China Sea estimated from 234Th-238U disequilibria

^234Th-^238U disequilibria were applied to examine the particle dynamics in the euphotic zone of the central South China Sea during the spring 2002 cruise. The particulate organic carbon （POC）, ^234Th （including both dissolved and particulate） and ^238U in the water column at three stations were determined. The profiles of ^234Th/^238U activity ratio at the three stations all showed consistent ^234Th deficit as compared to ^238U in the upper 100 m water column. Based on the profiles of the dissolved and particulate ^234Th and a steady state box model, the dissolved ^234Th scavenging rates, the particulate ^234Th removal rates and their resident times were quantified. It was found that the POC downward export fluxes out of the upper 100 m euphotic zone ranged from 9.40 to 14.78 mmol·m^-2·d^-1. The results from this study provide new information for our understanding of carbon biogeochemical cycle in the South China Sea.     

Preliminary study on particulate organic carbon export fluxes in the Bering Sea

During the Second Chinese National Arctic Expedition (CHINARE) from July to September 2003, depth profiles of dissolved and particulate 234Th in upper water columns were collected at two stations of BR03 and BR24 in the Bering Sea. 234Th was sampled by using a traditional Fe(OH)3 co-precipitation technique, which is a reliable approach to 234Th measurement. We observed 234Th excess at station BR03 below the euphotic zone, which was possibly due to the intensive remineralization of particulate matter. Particulate organic carbon (POC) export fluxes were estimated from a one-dimensional irreversible steady state model of 234Th fluxes together with measurements of the POC/234Th ratio on the suspended particles. The POC export fluxes from the euphotic zone were 11.66 and 11.69 mmol C m-2 d-1 at BR03 and BR24 stations,respectively. The ratios of POC fluxes to primary production at the two stations were about 0.5 and 0.59, respectively, probably due to the presence of large phytoplankton (in particular diatoms).     

白令海颗粒有机碳输出通量的初步研究

测定了中国第2次北极科学考察期间(2003年7-9月)得到的白令海海域2个站位海水样品中溶解态及颗粒态234Th,238U和颗粒有机碳的含量。溶解态、颗粒态及总234Th的放射性在真光层中显著低于母体238U的放射性,总的234Th与238U在水深大于100m时趋于放射性平衡。BR03站位200m层位出现234Th的过量现象,可能是由于颗粒物再矿化造成的。利用234Th/238U在上层水体中的不平衡,估算了白令海上层水体真光层中234Th的平均停留时间和输出通量,并结合一维不可逆稳态模型估算出颗粒有机碳从真光层中的输出通量分别为11.66和11.69mmolC·m-2.d-1,大约分别占初级生产力的50%和59%,可能由于较大个体的浮游植物特别是硅藻的存在而造成。结果为进一步弄清白令海在全球碳循环中的作用提供了参考依据。