六盘山弧形构造带铜多金属矿床的成矿环境

六盘山弧形构造带位于青藏高原东北缘,自震旦-寒武纪以来,经历了“威尔逊旋回“构造演化。在陆内裂谷和板块俯冲阶段,成矿类型主要为海底火山块状硫化物型和与韧性剪切作用有关的构造蚀变岩型,而在碰撞造山和陆内造山阶段,成矿类型演变为与大型推覆体构造有关的似层状热液型,显示出不同构造演化阶段所反映的成矿环境不同。     

闽中北前汛期多普勒雷达定量估测降水分析

使用2002、2003年福建中北部27个气象站5—6月自记雨量资料及相应的雷达体扫资料，通过用最优化法统计得出不同区域的Z-I关系，并将统计结果用于2005年5—6月的降水估测。同时利用实时雨量资料采用卡尔曼最优（卡尔曼滤波＋最优插值）、变分等估测方法对2005年几次混合型降水过程进行实时雨量校正，用福建北部武夷山九曲溪流域雨量计检验校正后的雨量值，并对上述几种方法的测量精度进行比较、分析。结果表明：卡尔曼最优、变分法及100km距离范围内的最优化法的过程平均相对误差小于25％，100km距离范围以外最优化法的过程平均相对误差明显增大，Z=300I^1,4估测的误差最大。     

Pulsatory characteristics of wind velocity in sand flow over typical underlying surfaces

Pulsatory characteristics of wind velocity in sand flow over Gobi and mobile sand surface have been investigated experimentally in the wind tunnel. The primary goal of this paper is to reveal the relation- ship between pulsatory characteristics of instantaneous wind speed in sand flow and the motion state of sand grains. For a given underlying surface, pulsation of wind velocities in sand flow on different heights has a good correlation. As the space distance among different heights increases, fluctuation of instantaneous wind speed presents a decreasing trend and its amplitude is closely related to the mo- tion state of sand grains and their transport. Pulsatory intensity increases with the indicated wind speed, but its relative value does not depend on it, only agrees with height.     

几种激光探测大气消光系数方法的比较

本文根据香河综合观测资料,讨论了几种计算大气消光系数的方法。结果表明,以激光地面水平探测的k_0作为整个探测路径上的消光系数与后向散射系数之比,在低层层结稳定的情况下将造成较大误差,而结合太阳光谱观测资料的分析计算方法以及根据激光扫角探测在消光量分层均匀假定下的计算方法结果较好。     

8—13微米大气窗区水汽吸收系数的观测分析

本文介绍了一种处理太阳光谱的新方法,并用1978年10月在香河取得的观测资料进行了验证,得到了较好的结果。这种方法利用半天中多次光谱观测资料和当时的无线电探空资料把水汽连续吸收的两个吸收系数(强线远翼吸收与双水分子吸收)和气溶胶衰减系数一起计算出来。     

对江苏有色金属矿山发展的探讨

针对调研了解的江苏省有色金属矿山企业的基本情况及面临的可供开采资源不足、负债率过高、转产安置难、负担重等主要困难和问题, 在考虑矿山企业特殊性的基础上,对其改革和发展提出了加强矿产勘查、制定和完善产业政策和经济政策、加快改革和调整、加快剥离办社会职能等4个方面的建议.     

康定杂岩的时代及成因探讨

四川西南部前震旦纪康定杂岩,主要由英云闪长质深成岩和一些具残留顶盖特征的变质地层组成。深成岩体呈南北向线性展布,实地接触关系证明,它们是晚于围岩的侵入体;而且岩相学和地球化学特征表明,深成岩是玄武质源的岩浆分离结晶作用产物.结合区内岩石构造组合,可以推断英云闪长质深成岩是在位于陆缘型岩浆弧近大洋的构造环境下形成.鉴于康定杂岩的岩石组合及地球化学特征与太古代地体存在明显差别,其时代应属于元古代.     

Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms

~~Wind tunnel simulation experiment and investigation on the electrification of sandstorms~~     

Soil CO2 efflux, carbon dynamics, and change in thermal conditions from contrasting clear-cut sites during natural restoration and uncut larch forests in northeastern China

With the implementation of the Chinese Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) in 1998, over millions of hectares of forest in northeastern China have been protected through natural restoration (closure of hills). The impact of this program on the carbon budget of soil has not been evaluated until now. This paper presents results from a 6-year study of total CO₂ efflux from both soil and litter (R _total), CO₂ flux from soil (R _soil), soil organic matter (SOM), soil microbe density, and litter input and root biomass at an uncut larch (Larix gmelinii) forest and at a natural restoration site. The natural restoration area is a clear-cut site that was formerly part of a continuous portion of the uncut larch forest. Our objectives were to: (1) quantify the magnitude of CO₂ efflux from typical sites in northeastern China; (2) explore the changes in thermal conditions, SOM, and annual CO₂ flux during the 6-year natural restoration, and (3) evaluate the impact of NFCP on soil carbon processes. The annual R _soil at the clear-cut site (58.6–68.2 mol m^???2 year^???1) was 113.6–228.4% (mean 141.5%) higher than that at the uncut larch site (29.6–58.4 mol m^???2 year^???1). At the same time, annual CO₂ from litter at the clear-cut site (2.0–14.2 mol m^???2 year^???1) was only 23.5–84.5% (mean 52.5%) of that at the uncut larch site (5.4–16.8 mol m^???2 year^???1). SOM at the surface layer of the clear-cut site was 75% of that at the uncut larch site, but the soil microbial biomass (carbon) at the clear-cut site was much higher than that at the larch site (p?<?0.05). The percentage of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes also were largely different between both sites. Natural restoration at the clear-cut site strongly affected thermal conditions. Although the soil temperature (T _soil) and effective accumulated $T_{\rm soil} > 0^{\circ}$ C at the clear-cut site was much higher, the temperature sensitivity (Q ₁₀) was much lower than that at the uncut larch site, and their differences decreased linearly from 2001 to 2006 (p?<?0.05). Moreover, Q ₁₀ at the clear-cut site significantly increased with the progress of natural restoration, which diminished the Q ₁₀ difference between the two sites (slope?=???0.2792, r ²?=?0.4744, p?<?0.05). These data imply that the NFCP natural restoration process has positively recovered the thermal condition of the clear-cut site to the level of uncut larch forest during the 6-year period. However, linear regression analysis showed that the 6-year natural restoration only slightly affected the annual soil CO₂ efflux and SOM at both sites, and also did not diminish the differences between the two sites (p?>?0.10), indicating that a much longer time is necessary to restore the soil carbon in the clear-cut site.