Anti-Phase Relationship Between the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Summer Monsoon During the Holocene?

The relationship between the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) during the Holocene is complicated and remains controversial. In this study, analysis of grain size and benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope, as well as accelerator mass spectrometry ¹⁴C dating was performed on a sediment core retrieved from the newly revealed muddy deposit on the northern South China Sea continental shelf. The history of the EAWM and EASM were reconstructed for the last 8200 a BP. Further analysis in conjunction with previously published paleo-climate proxies revealed that the relationship between the EAWM and EASM during the Holocene is more complex than a simple and strict anti-phase one-both negative and positive correlations were identified. The EAWM and EASM are negatively correlated around 7500, 4800, 4200, 3200, and 300 a BP (cooling periods), while positively correlated around 7100, 3700, and 2100 a BP (warm periods). In particular, both the EAWM and EASM intensified during the three positive correlation periods. However, we also found that the relationship between these two sub-monsoons is anti-phase during the final phase of particularly hot periods like Holocene Optimum and Medieval warm period. The possible impact from variations of solar irradiance on the relationship between the EAWM and EASM was also discussed.     

松嫩平原黑土区西北部阿荣旗黑土重金属分布特征、评价及预警

近年来,松嫩平原黑土区南部、东北部的一些区域已出现了重金属元素的累积,严重威胁着粮食生产安全和人体健康.为明晰黑土区西北部区域的重金属污染情况,本文以松嫩平原黑土区西北部阿荣旗为研究区,采集了32个表层黑土样品,测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等8种重金属元素的含量,利用单因子指数法(Pi)、内梅罗综...     

上明峪金矿地质特征及其与大河南岩体的关系

太行山北部的大河南岩体内部分布有一些金矿床及大量金矿化点,其中最具代表性的是上明峪金矿。大河南岩体侵位之后,遭受了强烈的构造运动,形成了近ＳＮ向和近ＥＷ向的两组断裂构造,断裂构造的活动使岩石强烈破碎形成破碎蚀变岩,岩浆热液萃取了花岗岩中的成矿元素并将其搬运至断裂带内,这种富含成矿元素的岩浆热液在断裂带中与天水混合,导致热液中的成矿元素沉淀形成矿化。上明峪金矿的形成是岩浆热液与天水共同作用的结果。     

辽西建昌盆地油页岩发育特征及沉积环境

辽西地区建昌盆地含有丰富的油页岩资源。利用野外露头、钻井和化验分析等资料,分析油页岩分布、岩石学特征、地球化学特征和沉积环境。研究表明：油页岩发育于下白垩统九佛堂组一段、二段和三段,共计9个矿组,九佛堂组三段油页岩平均含油率高、厚度大;建昌盆地油页岩平均含油率为5.15%,平均灰分质量分数可达81.9%,平均发热量为5.19 kJ/g,全硫质量分数低,属于中品位高灰分中高发热量低硫型油页岩,开发时对环境污染小;碱厂、五家子、九佛堂、七道泉子和敖汉旗大青山含矿区累计油页岩查明技术可采资源8.22×10⁸ t,油页岩油查明可回收资源3.17×10⁷ t,建昌盆地预测油页岩资源9.27×10¹⁰ t。有机地化特征显示,建昌盆地油页岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型主要为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ₁型,成熟度较低,处于未成熟—低成熟阶段。九佛堂组时期气候温暖湿润,来源于陆地和湖泊的有机质大量沉积于淡水—咸水的湖泊中,水底为还原环境,有利于有机质的保存。     

Earthquake Probability of the “Seismic Gap” on the Longmenshan Fault

Using the layered viscoelastic medium model, this paper calculated the coulomb stress loading effect on the Lushan epicenter generated by the Wenchuan earthquake. Then combined with the rate-state friction law proposed by Dieterich J. (1994), we obtain the probability of an M_W ≥ 6.0 earthquake occurring in the vicinity of Lushan. The results show that the probability of M_W ≥ 6.0 earthquake of the Lushan region in 2013 is up to 18%, indicating that the stress disturbance caused by the Wenchuan earthquake accelerated the Lushan earthquake. This paper also calculates the coulomb stress accumulation on the "seismic gap" generated by the two earthquakes of Wenchuan and Lushan, and combined with the background seismicity, gives the M_W>6.0 earthquake probability of the "seismic gap". Although there may be a certain error in the results because of the Dayi earthquake, selection of the medium model parameters and background seismicity, the seismic probability of the "seismic gap" is increasing. Thus, we think destructive earthquakes are still likely to occur in the "seismic gap".     

Distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in surface soils along an altitudinal transect at cold and humid Mountain Changbai: Implications for the reconstruction of paleoaltimetry and paleoclimate

Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers(GDGTs)serve as important tools for the quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate and paleoecology in both continental and marine environments.Previous studies of GDGTs in the terrestrial environments focused primarily on the soils from the relatively warm-humid or cold-dry regions.However,it is still unclear how GDGTs respond to environmental variables in the cold-humid regions.Here,we collected soils along an altitudinal transect of Mountain(Mt.)Changbai,which has a typical cold-humid climate,to investigate the distribution of GDGTs and the response of GDGT-based proxies to changes in climate along the transect.The shift in the distribution of archaeal isoprenoidal GDGTs(iso GDGTs)revealed that the archaeal community varied significantly along the transect,which can affect the relationship between TEX_(86)and mean annual air temperature(MAT).In addition,the increased temperature seasonality at higher altitudes exerted a significant impact on TEX_(86).We proposed a global calibration of TEX_(86)for the growing season temperature reconstruction in the soil environments:T=85.19×TEX_(86)-46.30(R~2=0.84,p0.001).The methylation indices for 5-methyl branched GDGTs(br GDGTs)including MBT′_(5me)and MBT_(5/6),showed correlation with soil water content but no relationship with MAT,indicating that MBT′_(5me)and MBT_(5/6)from cold-humid environments may be not suitable for temperature and altitude reconstruction.In contrast,the recently developed p H proxies,including MBT′_(6me)(the methylation index for 6-methyl br GDGTs),CBT(Cyclisation index of Branched Tetraethers),IR_(IIa’)(Isomer ratio of IIa′)and IR_(IIIa′)(Isomer ratio of IIIa′)exhibited significant correlations with soil p H,suggesting these proxies can still be used for soil p H reconstruction in the coldhumid regions.The combination of MBT′_(5me)and MBT′_(6me)was strongly related to different types of climate(cold-dry,warmhumid,cold-humid,and warm-dry).For example,MBT′_(5me)0.65 and MBT′_(6me)0.55 are diagnostic for the cold-humid climate.Thus,the combination of MBT′_(5me)and MBT′_(6me)has the potential as a tool for the identification of different types of paleoclimate.