A reliable and sensitive closing gear

The model QQC_(2-2) plankton net closing gear is a device designed to control the stratifiedsampling of the plankton net by means of a messenger. The device in its fie1d use has met with98% success in 766 times of strtified sampling of plankton at 157 stations during separatesurveys of Fujian coast zone, the Taiwan Strait, and the central section of the South China Sea,     

鲁南近浅海沉积物样品的因子分析及其地质意义

本文提出河流携带入海的沉积物或沿岸剥蚀物中矿物的分布及再组合是受多种因素控制的。为了确定控制鲁南两城河至白马河沉积物样品中矿物分布及再组合的主要因素,作者对该区109个沉积物样品的重矿物资料进行了Q型和R型因子分析。研究指出,在诸多的河流中,白马河和两城河是控制该区沉积物分布的最上要的河流;矿物的化学稳定性是决定该区矿物再组合的主要因素。     

High Precision Geoid Models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China

High precision geoid models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China, have been developed with a hybrid approach of so-called sequential processing, using high precision GPS/leveling data, land and sea gravity anomalies, and digital terrain models. These two local geoid models have the same 1-km resolution. The estimated accuracy (external accuracy) is better than 1.7 cm for HKGEOID-2000 and 1.4 cm for SZGEOID-2000. Some common areas are covered by HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000. So these two geoid models, along with high quality GPS/leveling data collected on the overlapping areas, can be used to detect the systematic bias between HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000, as well as the difference between Hong Kong Principal Datum and 1956 yellow sea height datum of China, yielding RMS errors of 1.011 m and 1,003 m, respectively. Moreover, HKGEOID-2000, along with GPS ellipsoidal heights, is employed to determine the errors of the “orthometric heights” from purely trigonometric heighting, yielding an RMS error of 0.102 m. The combination of SZGEOID-2000 and GPS ellipsoidal heights has been used to replace the traditional spirit leveling and mapping, called GPS mapping.     

利用RAPD和AFLP标记初步构建太平洋牡蛎的遗传连锁图谱

利用RAPD和AFLP标记 ,以一回交家系 [(Miyagi×Hiroshima)×Miyagi]为作图群体 ,构建了太平洋牡蛎的遗传连锁图谱。用经过筛选的 3 3个RAPD引物和 1 1个AFLP引物组合 ,对父母本和 80个子代个体进行了遗传分析。共得到母本分离标记 1 93个 ,其中 1 44个符合1∶1孟德尔分离规律。父本分离标记 1 5 6个 ,其中 1 1 1个符合 1∶1孟德尔分离规律。雌性框架图包括 99个遗传标记 ,定位在 1 2个连锁群中 ,覆盖 985 2cM ,标记间平均间隔 1 1 3cM。另外有 3个三联体 ,7个连锁对 ,图谱共覆盖 1 1 6 5 7cM。雄性框架图包括 72个遗传标记 ,分布在 8个连锁群 ,覆盖 81 1cM ,标记间平均间隔 1 2 7cM。另外有 4个三联体 ,3个连锁对 ,图谱共覆盖93 1 8cM。     

Diagnosis of iridovirus in large yellow croaker by PCR

A rapid and sensitive PCR-based method for the detection of the large yellow croaker iridovirus(LYCIV) is described,which involves the amplification of a 295 bp fragment of the LYCIV ATPase gene from DNA isolated from naturally infected fish spleen.Sequencing of LYCIV ATPase gene fragment showed it shared 100% nucleotide sequence homology with the corresponding region of the ATPase gene of red sea bream iridovirus(RSIV) and sea bass iridovirus(SBIV),suggesting that LYCIV was homologous with RSIV and SBIV at least in part of the gemone.The specificity and sensitivity of the PCR procedure were tested on the iridovirus-infected fishes,the expected fragment was detected from spleen DNA samples of infected fishes,whereas no fragments were amplified from healthy fish spleen DNA,white spot syndrome baculoviruses(WSBV) DNA and pseudorabies virus(PRV) DNA.Detection limit of this method was 10^-7 ng positive plasmid DNA containing target sequence,equal to about 100 virions.In the infected experiment,first positive detection(1/4) appeared at Day 3 post-infection,all fish(4/4) tested positive at Day 7,however obvious symptoms were observed at Day 8,so LYCIV infection could be detected prior to the appearance of obvious symptoms.These results indicate that this PCR method could be used for early,rapid and specific detection of LYCIV infection.     

In-Situ Observation of Fluid Mud in the North Passage of Yangtze Estuary, China

Observations of fluid mud were made in the lower North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary in February 2000, on 10 -11 August 2000, on 30 - 31 August 2000 (after two strong typhoons), on 21 - 24 August 2000 (neap tide) and on 3 -6 September 2000 (mean tide) respectively. In situ data show that the fluid mud in this area consists of fine cohesive sediment (median size 7.23 μm). The formation and movement of fluid mud varied during the neap-spring and flood-ebb tidal cycle. Observations suggest that fluid mud phenomena in this area may be categorised in a three-fold manner as slack water, storm and saltwedge features. The thickness of the fluid mud layer of slack water during the neap tide ranged from 0.2 to 0.96 m, whereas during the mean tide, the thickness ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 m, and the thickness of the fluid mud layer was larger during slack water than at the flood peak. Shoals cover an area of 800 km^2 with a water depth smaller than 5 m. Erosion of these extensive intertidal mudflats due to storm action provides an abundant sediment source. This is particularly significant in this estuary when the tidal level is lower than 5 m. The lower North Passage is a typical zone of saltwater wedging, so the saltwedge fluid mud has the most extensive spatial range in the estuary.     

Sediment transport pattern at the Barra Nova inlet, south Portugal: a conceptual model

The Barra Nova inlet, in south Portugal, is known to migrate progressively southeastwards under wave action. The morphodynamics of this system during a representative year suggests that this long-term evolution is dependent on a seasonal behavior of the tidal inlet which can be described through a three-stage model of post-storm, transition and extended fair-weather conditions. Processes involved in this evolution indicate that the historical migration of the Barra Nova is not dependent on the longshore drift forcing constricting the channel on the updrift coast, but rather on the adjustment of the system to a major erosion of the downdrift coast during short storm events.     

耳鲍(Haliotis asinina)核糖体小亚基(18S rRNA)编码基因的克隆与序列分析

采用分子生物学的方法,对南海不同海区的两个地理群体耳鲍(Haliotis asinina)18S rRNA基因全长进行了克隆和序列分析,并将耳鲍18S rRNA基因的序列与NCBI数据库中已收录鲍的18SrRNA基因进行了比较。结果发现,南海耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因与耳鲍H.asinina isolate H11核糖体18S rRNA基因序列的相同率高达98%;同一地理群体内耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因序列完全一致;不同地理群体间耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因在碱基组成上的相似率为99%,仅在某些位点处发生了碱基替换,即腺嘌呤(T)被鸟嘌呤(G)替换;同时,将这两个不同群体中耳鲍的18S rRNA基因与泰国耳鲍18S rRNA基因序列进行比较分析发现,它们之间也只是发生了碱基替换。     

棉粕蛋白酶解物对异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)消化、生长和胰蛋白酶mRNA表达量的影响

以棉粕蛋白为酶解底物,用枯草杆菌蛋白酶对其进行酶解,以酶解产物1.5%和3.0%两个梯度等量替代鱼饲料配方中棉粕,在室内流水养殖系统中喂养异育银鲫鱼种[体重为(30±2)g]65天。测定鱼的生长、营养物质表观消化率、消化蛋白酶活性及肝胰脏中胰蛋白酶mRNA表达水平等指标。结果表明,添加1.5%和3.0%棉粕酶解产物的鱼在饲养35天后的特定增长率(SGR)分别比对照组高32.5%和56.7%,且差异显著(P<0.05);在饲养65天后,两组特定增长率分别比对照组高8.0%和21.0%,且差异极显著(P<0.01),肝胰脏中胰蛋白酶mRNA表达水平也随棉粕酶解产物添加梯度提高而相应提高,表明鱼的生长与消化蛋白酶mRNA表达水平相关。同时棉粕蛋白酶解物对肠道蛋白酶的活性和营养物质表观消化率都有促进作用,而棉粕蛋白酶解物对鱼肌肉成分并没有改变,这也表明棉粕蛋白酶解物在促进鱼生长、内源酶活性同时并未降低鱼的品质。