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941.
942.
中全新世以来黑龙江同江地区的孢粉组合与植被、气候演化 总被引:2,自引:11,他引:2
对黑龙江省同江县96-QP剖面从下至上划分4个孢粉组合带:1是以蒙古栎-桦属-蒿属-苔草属-木本科-水龙骨科为主组合带;2是以蒿属-莎草科-禾本科-桦属-栎属为主组合带;3是以桦属-蒙古栎松属-蒿属-莎草科-禾本科为主组合带;4是以松属-桦属-蒙古栎-蒿属-苔草属为主组合带。这4个孢粉组合带清楚地反映了古植被,古气候演替4个阶段;依次为温性落叶阔叶林-针,阔叶混交林→以落叶阔叶树稍多的针、阔叶混交林-草原→以松占优势的针、阔叶混交林。其气候变化是温暖湿润-温和略干-温和略湿-温凉湿润。 相似文献
943.
本文综述了水汽来源状况、降水季节变化、火山喷发、太阳活动等气候环境因素对极地冰雪中同位素含量的可能影响及其程度 ,以及降水区域不均衡性、降水年际不均衡性、逆温层和同位素在冰雪中的扩散迁移作用等几种不稳定因素可能对冰雪同位素分析造成的干扰 ;在此基础上 ,综述了极地冰雪中δ1 8O、δD和其差值d(d =δD - 8δ1 8O)与局部或全球气温之间的一些线性关系 (包括全球尺度 ,格陵兰地区 ,南极地区等 )及它们在空间分布上的变化规律 相似文献
944.
来自南极格罗夫山蓝冰地区的GRV 99027陨石为一无球粒陨石,主要由橄榄石及辉石组成。棕色橄榄石具堆晶结构及镶嵌结构等火成岩浆分异结晶的特征。陨石的矿物模式组成及化学成分显示与SNC族陨石特征相似,特别是与ALHA77005陨石十分接近。后者被确定为二辉橄榄岩质辉玻无球粒陨石类(Lherozolitic-Shergotty,L-S)火星陨石。GRV 99027陨石的矿物化学特征以及FeO/MnO比值也与L-S类相似。可以初步认为GRV 99027陨石为SNC族火星陨石一个新的成员。二辉橄榄岩相当于地球的上地幔成分。陨石来自火星探部,为世界上极为稀有的火星样品,极具研究价值。 相似文献
945.
The groundwater table has been declining at a rate of 0.65 m/yr in Luancheng County since large scale groundwater extraction
carried out in the 1960s. The drop of precipitation, substantial increase in agricultural output, variations of crop planting
structure and construction of water conservancy projects in the headwater area all tie up with the decline of the groundwater
table. On the basis of analyzing the hydrogeological conditions and the water resources utilization of Luancheng County, a
three-dimensional groundwater flow model was developed to simulate the county’s groundwater flow through finite-difference
method using Visual Modflow software. We divide the research field into four parts after analyzing the hydrogeological condition.
Based on parameter calibration and adjustment using measured data, the hydraulic conductivity and specific yield were simulated.
Using the calibrated model, we analyze the agricultural water saving potentiality and its influence on the groundwater. The
results are as follows: (1) if we decrease the amount of water extracted by 0.14xl08 m3, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will rise by 0.33 m; (2) if we decrease the water
by 0.29x 108m3, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will rise by 0.64 m; and (3) if we increase the
water by 0.29 x 108m3, the average groundwater table of the five observation wells in December will decline by 0.45 m. So we can draw a conclusion
that controlling the agricultural water use is an important way to prevent the decline of groundwater table. 相似文献
946.
Soil sediment samples of 10 layers with a spacing of 10 cm each were collected in different floodplain zones adjacent to Huolin
River in the Xianghai Nature Reserve, and contents of total N, total P and organic matters were analyzed. The results showed
that contents of total N, total P and organic matters were generally decreasing with the increase of distance from sample
locations to the river channel, and contents of the three items were generally higher in the upper soil layer than that in
the lower soil layer. The content variations displayed how flooding functions influenced nutrient matter content variations
in floodplain soils since the flood inundation frequencies of the sample locations varied. The correlation analysis displayed
that there were remarkable relativities between total N, total P and organic matters within definite spatial distance from
the Huolin River channel. 相似文献
947.
Research progress of socio-economic water cycle in China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
China has made great progress in the study of socio-economic water cycle. She has completed national water resources appraisement
and medium to long-term water supply planning. She has been engaging in study on water-deficient regions in North China and
Northwest China for about half a century. For solving water shortage problem in northern China, she has put forward the famous
South-to-North Water Transferring Projects, which has been set as one of the four biggest national projects in the Tenth Five-Year-Plan
period although there are still debates. For promoting water use efficiency, China has been reforming her water management
system, including water right system and water price system. There has already been a case of water right purchase. China
has also done a lot of research on the interaction between human activity, water and ecosystem. For meeting the need of sustainability
and coordinating water resources development and environmental protection, the study of ecological water requirement became
very hot in recent years. There are three focuses of socio-economic water cycle study now in China: water transfer projects
from the south to the north, water resources management and ecological water requirement. 相似文献
948.
Yao Chun-xial Li Bao-sheng Jin He-ling David Dian Zhang Yan Man-cun Zhu Yi-zhi Li Hou-xin Zhang Yu-hong Luo Kai-li 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(1):65-71
The paper makes some analyses on 11 trace elements in the Milanggouwan stratigraphical section in the Salawusu River valley,
which is regarded as a prototype geology-palaeoclimate record since 150 ka BP. The results show that the content and variation
of trace elements has experienced remarkably regular changes in the pace with coarse and fine sedimentary cycles of palaeo-aeolian
sands to its overlying fluvio-lacustrine facies or/and palaeosols. The trace elements with chemical properties of relatively
active (V, Sr, Cu, Ni, As) and relatively stable (P, Pb, Rb, Mn, Nb, Zr) are a manifestation of the corresponding 27 changeable
cycles between peak and valley values, appearing a multi-fiuctuational process line of relative gathering and migration since
then. The low numerical value distribution of these two types of trace elements in the aeolian sand facies represents erosion
and accumulation under wind force during the cold-dry climate. Whereas their enrichments in both fluvio-lacustrine facies
and palaeosols are related to the valley’s special low-lying physiognomic position between the Ordos Plateau and the Loess
Plateau under the warm and humid climate conditions. The above relatively migrated and gathered change of the trace elements
is the result of 27 climatic cycles of cold-dry and warm-humid, which is probably caused by repeated alternations of winter
monsoon and summer monsoon in the Mu Us Sandy Land influenced by the climate vicissitudes in northern hemisphere during glacial
and interglacial periods since 150 ka BP. 相似文献
949.
Through the study of mutual process between groundwater systems and eco-environmental water demand, the eco-environmental
water demand is brought into groundwater systems model as the important water consumption item and unification of groundwater’s
economic, environmental and ecological functions were taken into account. Based on eco-environmental water demand at Da’an
in Jilin province, a three-dimensional simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems was established. All
water balance components of groundwater systems in 1998 and 1999 were simulated with this model and the best optimal exploitation
scheme of groundwater systems in 2000 was determined, so that groundwater resource was efficiently utilized and good economic,
ecologic and social benefits were obtained. 相似文献
950.
新疆城市化过程及机制分析 总被引:17,自引:19,他引:17
城市人则城市化研究的核心问题。在分析新疆城市化现状特征的基础上,围绕新疆城市发展的阶段和过程,采用多因素的灰色关联分析和比较分析等手段,对新疆1978-2000年间城市化发展过程进行分析和探讨,寻求并探索新疆城市化发展的特征、水平和演化机制。研究结果发现各因素与城市化的关联度不仅在横向上存在着指标间的差异,在纵向上显示出1990-2000间各指标与城市化的相关性明显高于1978-1989年间,部分指标与城市化关系发生了负向变化。表明近20多年来新疆城市化稳定发展,城市化系统条件(农村和城市的控制性次系统及整个社会经济文化)有一定的提高,体现了系统各因素与城市化发展的同向性以及区域发展的合理趋势,但整体薄弱的社会经济基础是新疆城市化落后的根本原因,产业结构升级转换仍将是新疆城市化的主要动力。 相似文献