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71.
Ying Zhang Zhenbo Lv Bo Guan Yuanjin Liu Fan Li Shaowen Li Yuanqing Ma Junbao Yu Yunzhao Li 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(10):1027-1034
Laizhou Bay, located in the northwest of Shandong Peninsula, has complex transitional environments between terrestrial and marine ecosystems. In the present study, a total of 122, 131, and 139 species were collected in spring, summer, and autumn 2011, respectively. Species constitutions of macrobenthos were grouped into four phyla, of which annelida were the most abundant phylum, the average biomass proportion of echinodermata was the lowest, and the proportion of important species for mollusca was the highest. The structure of the macrobenthic community showed significant differences between sites, and greater divergence was observed between the third site (S03) and other stations. The ABC plots showed that the biomass curve lay below the abundance curve, and the W‐statistic value was negative. The result of the BOPA index showed that two stations had moderate ecological status in spring and that there were two heavily polluted sites and one moderately polluted site in summer. The BIO‐ENV analyses indicated that the grain‐size fractions together with trace metals (Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr) could be considered as the major environmental variables influencing the macrobenthic patterns. The results together demonstrated that the macrobenthic communities in Laizhou Bay were negatively affected, perhaps by the tremendous impact of heavy metals in the sediments. 相似文献
72.
Measurement and Analysis of Thermal Conductivity of Rocks in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
: As a parameter that describes heat transmission properties of rocks, thermal conductivity is indispensable for studying the thermal regime of sedimentary basins, and retrieving high-quality data of thermal conductivity is the basis for geothermal related studies. The optical scanning method is used here to measure the thermal conductivity of 745 drill-core samples from the Tarim basin, the largest intermontane basin with abundant hydrocarbon potential in China, and water saturation correction is made for clastic rock samples that are of variable porosity. All the measured values, combined with previously published data in this area, are integrated to discuss the distribution characteristics and major controlling factors that affect the thermal conductivity of rocks in the basin. Our results show that the values of thermal conductivity of rocks generally range from 1.500 to 3.000 W/m·K with a mean of 2.304 W/m·K. Thermal conductivity differs considerably between lithological types: the value of a coal sample is found to be the lowest as being only 0.249 W/m·K, while the values for salt rock samples are the highest with a mean of 4.620 W/m·K. Additionally, it is also found that the thermal conductivity of the same or similar lithologic types shows considerable differences, suggesting that thermal conductivity cannot be used for distinguishing the rock types. The thermal conductivity values of mudstone and sandstone generally increase with increasing burial depth and geological age of the formation, reflecting the effect of porosity of rocks on thermal conductivity. In general, the mineral composition, fabric and porosity of rocks are the main factors that affect the thermal conductivity. The research also reveals that the obvious contrast in thermal conductivity of coal and salt rock with other common sedimentary rocks can induce subsurface temperature anomalies in the overlying and underlying formations, which can modify the thermal evolution and maturity of the source rocks concerned. This finding is very important for oil and gas resources assessment and exploration and needs further study in detail. The results reported here are representative of the latest and most complete dataset of thermal conductivity of rocks in the Tarim basin, and will provide a solid foundation for geothermal studies in future. 相似文献
73.
74.
People′s environmental tropism has an effect on their understanding of tourism-nature relationship,and also influences their attitudes to natural resources utilization and environmental protection.Taking Jiuzhaigou National Park of China as a study case,the authors conducted some quantitative analyses with the tools of SPSS 16.0 and LISREL 8.7,to explore the influence of tourists′ environmental tropism on their attitudes to tourism and nature conservation in the natural tourist destination.Three hypotheses ... 相似文献
75.
热带气旋(TC)快速增强(RI)对我国影响大且预报难度较大,在常规观测资料稀少的海洋上,卫星探测技术的发展,提供了更多的RI TC内部结构变化的有效信息,能够帮助人们进一步认识TC强度的变化规律.文中总结了静止轨道及极地轨道卫星上搭载的可见/红外扫描仪、微波成像仪、降水测量雷达、风场测量仪器、闪电成像仪和云雷达资料在TC RI中的应用以及存在的问题,指出发展小卫星星座及静止轨道微波探测,加强RI TC内部的降水、云微物理和风场等重要信息的时间演变分析,并结合数值模拟进一步研究TC RI的物理机制将是未来的发展方向. 相似文献
76.
Many of the control algorithms proposed for structures subjected to seismic excitations are based on a centralized design philosophy, such as the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) design. The information of all the states of the system is usually required in these methods to determine the control command. For applications involving large‐scale systems, it may be more convenient to design decentralized controllers that depend only on the information of the local states for control command calculation. In this study, a nonlinear decentralized robust control algorithm is proposed. The structural system is decomposed into several artificially uncoupled subsystems. The interconnections between adjacent subsystems are treated as uncertain but bounded disturbances to the subsystems. The controller associated with one subsystem determines the control command based only on the states of the local subsystem. Numerical examples of linear and nonlinear structural models are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller. The traditional LQR design is used as a baseline for comparison. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
77.
在详细分析雷电灾害特征的基础上,阐述了防雷工作的主要技术手段。并针对地震台站的构成特点,研究了台站综合防雷系统的设计方法和技术措施。同时,以余山地震台为例,具体说明了防雷措施的应用方法及应用效果。 相似文献
78.
对赤道东太平洋和西太平洋暖池海温与江淮流域夏季降水的关系作功率谱分析和相关分析.指出秋冬季增暖的厄尔尼诺事件对应江淮流域夏季降水偏多, 春夏季开始发展的ENSO事件江淮流域夏季降水偏少.对两种在不同季节增暖的ENSO事件对应的异常流场特征及其对江淮流域降水的影响用1991年和1994年实例作对比分析.不同季节增暖的ENSO事件在太平洋热带地区环流调整的不同阶段可能是影响夏季风活动和东亚夏季天气气候异常的主要原因. 相似文献
79.
东濮凹陷低渗致密储层的沉积-成岩特征表现为砂层薄、粒度细、沉积非均质性显著;埋藏深度大于3700m,压实作用、晚期自生伊利石-绿泥石和二氧化硅胶结作用强。储层具有小孔极细喉孔隙结构,表面积大,渗透率对围压的敏感性强,地下真实孔隙度和渗透率分别介于10% -< 5% 、0.1×10-3-< 0.001×10-3μm 2.研究认为,东濮凹陷致密砂岩气藏大多产出于盆地次级深洼陷中,具有高压水溶气的成因机制,这是由储层的低渗性、较高的毛细管准数、高束缚水饱和度和高温-高压以及充足-近源的天然气供给等条件所决定的。 相似文献
80.