一种腐屑食性鱼类对生态系统氮循环的影响

研究表明 :腐屑食性鱼类——梭鱼对环境中有机氮的摄入能力随体重的增加而增加 ,随温度的升高 ,体重系数显著减少。摄入氮 (CN,mg/ d)与体重 (W,g)和温度 (T,℃ )的数值关系可用如下模型表示 :CN=0 .6 370 W1 .0 642 ln(3.70 0 8T)。体重为 1 0 0 g的梭鱼每日可消耗环境中 332 mg氮有机质。梭鱼氮的吸收效率主要受温度的影响 ,而氮的转化效率与体重呈显著的正相关关系。随体重的增加 ,排泄氮所占比例降低     

海底天然气水合物地球化学探测技术

海底天然气水合物是未来的新型能源，地球化学探测与分析技术在天然气水合物勘探、研究和开发中发挥巨大作用。简要介绍了天然气水合物地球化学探测方法及相关的分析测试技术，包括海底沉积物、海水、海面低层大气中烃类气体(主要为甲烷)、孔隙水中阴阳离子和同位素地球化学异常等。并对发展天然气水舍物地球化学探测与分析新技术提出建议。     

提取分潮调和常数的新方法——正交方法

给出了提取潮汐调和常数的一种新方法--正交方法,并应用1992～1997年的TOPEX/POSEIDON卫星高度计遥感资料,提取中国海M2分潮调和常数.同时,利用最小二乘法来提取中国海M2分潮调和常数,两种方法结果比较渤海、黄海、东海海域M2分潮振幅、迟角的均方差分别是3.3 cm,3.6°;南中国海海域M2分潮振幅、迟角均方差分别是1.1 cm,1.7°,结果表明正交方法是一种可信的具有实用性的方法.     

长江口涨、落潮槽底沙输移趋势探讨

选择长江口南港南小泓和南港主槽作为典型涨、落潮槽为研究对象，以2001年9月所采底沙的颗粒分析资料为根据，并结合实测水文、泥沙资料进行水动力分析，运用Gao-Collins粒径趋势分析模型分析了底沙输移趋势，结果表明：南小泓的底沙主要是来自口门附近，由于涨潮流强于落潮流而使底沙向上游输移，即SE—NW方向，而南港主槽的底沙主要来自上游，由于落潮流强于涨潮流而使泥沙向下游输移，即NW—SE方向。     

Geochemical cycling in the Hooghly estuary, India

U–Th decay series isotopes, δ¹⁸O and Si measurements in the river estuarine waters and sediments of the polluted Hooghly estuary as well as the surface waters of the Bay of Bengal, its high salinity end member, are reported. Dissolved Si indicates that there are probably two mixing regimes, dissolved U behaviour is nonconservative and δ¹⁸O behaves conservatively in the overall estuarine region. Isotopes of reactive elements, viz. ²³⁴Th and ²¹⁰Po, are removed from the estuarine waters in <2 days and <1 month, respectively, which is due to high suspended matter (30–301 mg l⁻¹). ²²⁸Ra and ²²⁶Ra are profusely released into the estuarine waters in the low to mid-salinity regions.As expected, the opposite trend is observed in the case of estuarine sediments and suspended matter. Reactive isotopes of Th, ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po are enriched, whereas Ra isotopes are depleted with respect to their parent nuclides in the estuarine sediments and suspended matter. ²³²Th/Al ratio appears well suited to study the distribution and mixing of the bed load sediments of the Ganga–Brahmaputra (G–B) and the Hooghly rivers with those from other rivers on the Bay of Bengal floor.     

闽南近海尖头斜齿鲨肝油脂肪酸组成的季节变化

闽南近海尖头斜齿鲨Scoliodon sorrakowah肝油的脂肪酸组成中，主要的饱和脂肪酸包括C14：0，C16：0，C18：0；单不饱和脂肪酸包括C16：1，C18：1ω7，C20：1；多不饱和脂肪酸包括C20：4ω6，C20：5ω3，C22：5ω3和C22：6ω3。尖头斜齿鲨肝油总饱和脂肪酸和总单不饱和脂肪酸含量在6月份降至最低值，8-9月升至最高值，总饱和脂肪酸的季节变化规律主要由C16：0决定，总单不饱和脂肪酸的变化主要由C16：1和C18：1ω9决定，总多不饱和脂肪酸含量在6月份达到最高值，8-9用降到最低值，11月份又上升至一定水平，这种变化主要由C22：6ω3决定。     

夏季长江冲淡水转向机制分析

利用 1 95 9,1 975 - 1 982年及 1 998年夏季各月黄、东海盐度分布和相应风场资料 ,分析讨论了长江冲淡水夏季的扩展路径。指出 :除海底坡降外 ,由 S向的苏北沿岸流和 N,NE向的浙东沿岸流及台湾暖流构成的“力偶”,是使冲淡水向左扭转的重要外力之一。用近岸均质模型和远岸双层模型的涡度方程定性讨论了冲淡水的转向机制     

The abyssal bounty fan and lower Bounty Channel: evolution of a rifted-margin sedimentary system

The Bounty Channel and Fan system provides the basis for a model for deep-sea channel and fan development in a rifted continental margin setting. The sedimentary system results from an interplay between tectonics (fan location; sediment source), turbidity currents (sediment supply), geostrophic currents (sediment reworking and distribution) and climate (sea level, and hence sediment supply and type). Today, sediment is shed from the collisional Southern Alps, part of the Pacific/Indo-Australian plate margin, and passes east across the adjacent shelf and into the Otago Fan complex at the head of the Bounty Trough. Paths of sediment supply, and locations of sediment deposition, are controlled by the bathymetry of the Bounty Trough, with axial slopes as high as 37 m/km (2°) towards the trough head, diminishing to around 3.5 m/km (0.2°) along the trough axis. The Bounty Fan is located 800 km further east, where the Bounty Channel debouches onto abyssal oceanic crust at the mouth of the Bounty Trough. The Bounty Fan comprises a basement controlled fan-channel complex with high leveed banks exhibiting fields of mud waves, and a northward-elongated middle fan. Channel-axis gradients diminish from 6 m/km (0.35°) or more on the upper fan to less than 1 m/km (<0.06°) on the lower fan. Parts of the left bank levee and almost the entire middle fan are being eroded and re-entrained within a Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC), which passes along the eastern New Zealand margin at depths below 2000 m. The DWBC is the prime source of deep, cold water flow into the Pacific Ocean, with a volume of ca. 20 Sv and velocities up to 4 cm/s or greater. The mouth of the Bounty Channel, at a depth of 4950 m at the south end of the middle fan, acts as a point source for an abyssal sediment drift entrained northward under the DWBC at depths below 4300 m. The Bounty Fan probably originated in the early to middle Neogene, but has mostly been built during the last 3 Myr (Plio-Pleistocene), predominantly as climate-controlled sedimentary couplets of terrigenous, micaceous mud (acoustically reflective; glacial) and biopelagic ooze (acoustically transparent; interglacial), deposited under the pervasive influence of the DWBC.