Modal-based ground motion selection procedure for nonlinear response time history analysis of dual wall-frame structures

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - The dual wall-frame structure consists of a structural wall system and a rigid frame system, and there is a strong interaction between the frame and wall...     

综合物探方法在寻找斑岩型钨钼矿中的应用——以青海某钨钼矿区为例

青海某钨钼矿是近年新发现的一处斑岩型钨钼矿,在预查阶段采用了地面高精度磁测结合激电中梯测量等传统物探方法组合,在圈定隐伏斑岩体范围、解析含矿斑岩体空间赋存状态的工作中取得较好的勘查效果。说明在充分认识成矿环境的基础上,综合选择物探方法,可以从不同角度对比、分析物探异常是否为矿致异常,提高地质解释的准确性,较好地解决具体地质问题。     

大兴安岭南段毛登Sn-Cu矿床岩浆作用对成矿制约:年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素证据

毛登Sn-Cu矿床位于大兴安岭南段内蒙古锡林浩特境内,其Sn、Cu储量均达到中型.本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测得与成矿关系密切的花岗斑岩成岩年龄为138±0.6 Ma;利用LA-ICP-MS锡石U-Pb法测得锡石-硫化物-石英脉型矿石中锡石的Tera-Wasserburg谐和年龄为139±3.2 Ma,表明花岗斑岩体形成年龄与毛登矿床成矿年龄在误差范围内一致,均形成于早白垩世.花岗斑岩富硅(SiO2=73.18％～77.3％)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=8.00％～8.69％)、富钾(K2O=4.80％～5.22％)、贫铝(Al2O3=11.67％～12.83％),贫钙(CaO=0.49％～0.95％)、镁(MgO=0.12％～0.46％),具有较高的FeOT/(MgO+FeOT)值(0.74～0.91)、10000×Ga/Al值(3.64～4.28);微量元素亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素,富集Rb、Th、K、Hf等元素;稀土元素配分模式图呈典型的"海鸥型"以及显著的Eu负异常(δEu=0.05～0.2);锆石饱和温度为817～861℃,以上均说明花岗斑岩具有A型花岗岩特征.全岩Sr-Nd同位素结果显示低初始(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.702907～0.704506)、较高的εNd(t)值(+0.8～+4.4)以及年轻的二阶段模式年龄(tDM2=572～863 Ma),说明花岗斑岩可能为新生地壳经部分熔融后,在上升过程中经历较强烈的结晶分异演化作用而形成.Pb同位素组成指示岩体和矿石的Pb同位素组成接近,说明成矿物质主要来源于岩浆.微量元素特征、构造环境判别图解显示花岗斑岩具有A2型造山后花岗岩特征,成岩环境处于伸展构造背景.结合前人研究成果以及矿区地质特征、成岩(矿)年代学、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征,认为毛登矿床成矿物质的富集与花岗斑岩体侵入密切相关,矿床成矿物质的富集规模受花岗斑岩结晶分异演化程度制约.     

贵州万山汞矿区稻田土壤汞的分布及污染特征

受历史汞矿开采活动影响,万山汞矿区稻田遭受了严重的汞污染。为了查明万山汞矿区稻田土壤的汞污染现状以及评估其环境质量改善情况,系统采集了受汞矿区影响的五条主干河流沿岸稻田土壤进行汞含量分析,评价总汞和甲基汞污染程度及其生态风险,并与2008年以来该区域稻田土壤汞数据进行对比。结果表明,研究区稻田土壤的总汞含量为0.21~207 mg/kg,几何平均值为(4.26±4.83)mg/kg;甲基汞含量为0.42~13μg/kg,几何平均值为(1.81±1.93)μg/kg。59%的稻田土壤处于重度汞污染,75%的稻田土壤存在极强的汞潜在生态风险。与已往数据相比,稻田土壤汞含量在2012年后呈下降趋势,基本反映了当地汞防治措施的执行效果。为了避免稻田土壤汞污染引起的安全健康风险,今后应采取除污染源治理以外的土壤修复措施或风险管控措施。     

四川盆地东部中二叠统茅口组热液活动特征*

四川盆地中二叠统茅口组存在丰富的热液流体活动。在野外剖面和岩心观察的基础上,利用多种分析测试方法,对四川盆地东部茅口组碳酸盐岩中的热液活动特征进行了探讨。研究区茅口组热液活动包括2类,一类为硅质热液,表现为薄层硅质岩或硅质团块;另一类为碳酸盐型热液,表现为粗晶方解石和白云石充填在张性构造裂缝中或呈“雪片状”集合体,偶见少量黄铁矿、闪锌矿等金属硫化物伴生。硅质岩主量元素之间的关系表明硅质来源具有多样性,是热液硅与壳源硅的混合;黄铁矿、闪锌矿原位S同位素 δ³⁴S 介于-3.91‰~-6.87‰之间,推测可能受到了微生物和基性岩浆岩的双重影响;方解石脉和具鞍状双晶的白云石脉普遍具有CaO高于标准计量、相对富Sr和U、贫REE和Ti、Ce/Ce^*明显负异常、Eu/Eu^*主体正异常、Y正异常等特征,表明碳酸盐脉为热液活动的产物,流体来源也呈现出火山活动相关流体与富钙地下水混合的特点。闪锌矿富集Ge和Cd,Zn/Cd及Zn/Fe值反映了中等成矿温度。硅质岩和碳酸盐流体包裹体均一温度变化范围较大,介于54.7~294.3 ℃之间,与稀土元素和微量元素比值所揭示的特征吻合。研究结果表明,穿层状硅质结核和团块的首次出现往往标志着茅口组热液活动的开始,而张性构造裂缝和碳酸盐型热液活动带来的围岩白云化作用则有效地改善了白云岩储集层的物性。     

Influence of transboundary air pollution on air quality in southwestern China

Air pollution is a grand challenge of our time due to its multitude of adverse impacts on environment and society,with the scale of impacts more severe in developing countries,including China.Thus,China has initiated and implemented strict air pollution control measures over last several years to reduce impacts of air pollution.Monitoring data from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019 on six criteria air pollutants(SO2,NO2,CO,O3,PM2.5,and PM1o)at eight sites in southwestern China were investigated to understand the situation and analyze the impacts of transboundary air pollutants in this region.In terms of seasonal variation,the maximum concentrations of air pollutants at these sites were observed in winter or spring season depending on individual site.For diurnal variation,surface ozone peaked in the afternoon while the other pollutants had a bimodal pattern with peaks in the morning and late afternoon.There was limited trans-port of domestic emissions of air pollutants in China to these sites.Local emissions enhanced the concen-trations of air pollutants during some pollution events.Mostly,the transboundary transport of air pollution from South Asia and Southeast Asia was associated with high concentrations of most air pollu-tants observed in southwestern China.Since air pollutants can be transported to southwestern China over long distances from the source regions,it is necessary to conduct more research to properly attribute and quantify transboundary transport of air pollutants,which will provide more solid scientific guidance for air pollution management in southwestern China.     

全卷积神经网络用于遥感影像水体提取

提出了一种全卷积神经网络模型用于遥感影像的水体目标提取的方法,介绍了全卷积神经网络的基本原理及构建3种网络模型的过程。为了分析模型效果,首先搜集带有水体的影像数据,并将这些数据标注为水体和背景两类,然后利用构建的全卷积神经网络模型进行推理和学习获取先验模型,最后对测试影像进行水体提取试验。通过与传统的基于影像光谱特征的阈值法和基于图论的Grab Cut算法提取结果进行比较,验证了本文方法的可行性。     

变异系数降维的CNN高光谱遥感图像分类

为了实现地物精准分类,需要有效地提取与分析高光谱遥感图像中丰富的空—谱信息。提出一种适用于高光谱遥感图像分类的变异系数与卷积神经网络相结合(CV-CNN)的方法。这种新方法引入变异系数的思想来衡量高光谱遥感图像不同波段之间的相似性和差异性,从而提出类间变异系数(CVIE)和类内变异系数(CVIA)的概念。通过计算(CVIE)~2/CVIA的值来剔除高光谱遥感图像中的低效波段,然后提取每个像素的空一谱信息,并对其进行2维矩阵化操作,转化为便于卷积神经网络(CNN)输入的灰度图像,最后采用自行构建的适合于高光谱遥感图像分类的CNN模型进行分类。Indian Pines和Pavia University两组数据的实验结果表明,该方法在两种数据集下的总体精度分别达到98.69%和99.66%,有效地改善了高光谱遥感图像的分类精度。     

松潘—甘孜造山带南缘江浪穹窿文家坪花岗岩的成因及地质意义

为厘定江浪穹窿文家坪花岗岩的侵位时代并探讨岩石成因,开展了地球化学、锆石U Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究。文家坪花岗岩岩性为黑云母花岗岩,由石英(约40%)、钾长石(约35%)、黑云母(约15%)及斜长石(<10%)等矿物组成。主微量元素分析表明,江浪穹窿文家坪花岗岩具有高的SiO2含量(6770%~7009%)、Na2O+K2O含量(743%~784%)、Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量(363×10-6~476×10-6)、Mg#指数(359~387)及10 000×Ga/Al比值(258~284),显示右倾的稀土配分型式,富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素。锆石U Pb定年与Hf同位素示踪表明,花岗岩结晶年龄为(1646±09) Ma(n=21,MSWD=32),εHf(t)值介于-130~+14之间。综合研究提出,文家坪花岗岩属后造山A2型花岗岩,形成于岩石圈伸展构造背景,岩浆源区主要为江浪穹窿核部的中元古界里伍岩群及少量的幔源物质。结合其他地质成果,认为江浪穹窿成穹时代为早—中侏罗世,且区域Cu、W成矿作用很可能与约165 Ma花岗质岩浆活动具有成因联系。     

The Influence of Extractable Organic Matter on Pore Development in the Late Triassic Chang 7 Lacustrine Shales, Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China

To investigate the influence of extractable organic matter (EOM) on pore evolution of lacustrine shales, Soxhlet extraction, using dichloromethane, was performed on a series of Chang 7 shale samples (Ordos Basin, China) with vitrinite reflectance of 0.64% to 1.34%. Low‐pressure gas adsorption experiments were conducted on the samples before and after extraction. The pore structure parameters were calculated from the gas adsorption data. The results show complex changes to the pore volumes and surface areas after extraction. The pore development of both the initial and extracted samples is strongly controlled by total organic carbon (TOC) content. Micropores developed mainly in organic matter (OM), while mesopores and macropores predominantly developed in fractions other than OM. The influence of EOM on micropores is stronger than on mesopores and macropores. Organic solvents with a higher boiling point should be used to explore the effect of EOM on pore structure in the future.