The interaction and eruption of two adjacent filaments

We present a case study of two successive filament eruptions at the southeast limb of the Sun observed by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) on 2012 April 19. At the initial stage of the first filament (F1) eruption, one leg of the F1 moved toward the second filament (F2) and swept the F2. The interaction between two filaments occurred. After the leg of the F1 swept the F2, it returned from northeast to southwest following the F1 expansion. During the F1 eruption, the middle of the F1 exhibited an obvious twisted structure. The rising speed of the F1 was 85.6 km/s. The partial material of the F1 fell back to the surface along the other leg of the F1 after the F1 eruption and the falling speed was 311.6 km/s. A CME was observed by SOHO/LASCO after the F1 eruption. One of the bright flare ribbons and the dimming regions formed after the F1 eruption were found to move toward the F2. The propagation speeds of the flare ribbons were 4.7 km/s and 4.1 km/s and the propagation speeds of the dimmings were 3 km/s and 6.3 km/s. The small active region was emerging in the northern flank of the F2. The ejection and the falling plasma in the small active region produced the disturbance to the right part of the F2. When the F1 erupted, the large-scale overlying coronal loops of the F1 were pushed out toward the southeast of the Sun by its expanding. During the F1 eruption, the large-scale overlying coronal loops of the F2 began to open toward the southeast. Following the opening of the large-scale overlying coronal loops, the F2 became instable and began to erupt. The rising speed of the F2 was 300.1 km/s. A two-ribbon flare and a weak CME were formed after the F2 eruption. These observations evidenced that the interaction of two filaments and the opening of the large-scale overlying coronal loops caused by the F1 eruption are the most important reason that led to the F2 eruption. Our observations also support the standard solar flare model.     

鞍山地区地质构造及深部铁矿

鞍山地区是我国铁矿最集中的地区,已探明铁矿石近100亿t,但对该区地质构造和深部铁矿的认识仍然是不确定的,存在一些争议。不同的意见主要集中在该区是属于向斜构造还是属于背斜构造,这些构造是怎样控制铁矿产出的,深部铁矿远景有多大。针对这些问题,本文在对鞍山地区浅部地质构造及铁矿特征、岩(矿)石物性特点和重磁异常特征等综合研究基础上,采用剖面重磁异常人机交互反演技术对穿越东鞍山和齐大山铁矿区的重磁异常剖面数据进行了反演。结果表明:鞍山地区整体为以铁架山为中心的穹隆构造,而穹隆顶部存在环绕铁架山的向斜构造或"凹陷",该向斜构造控制了鞍山地区铁矿的分布,深部铁矿的规模远大于已探明的地表及浅部铁矿的规模,深部铁矿资源前景巨大。     

1961-2010年哈尔滨市霜冻的气候变化特征

通过对哈尔滨市1961-2010年初霜冻和终霜冻日期的气候特征分析,得出哈尔滨市初霜冻日期明显推迟,且推迟是一个突变现象,具体是从2002年开始;而终霜冻日期随气候变暖略有提前。初霜冻日期在不同年份分别存在准3 a和准30 a的振荡周期;终霜冻则存在准5 a和10-15 a的振荡周期。此外,初霜冻出现极早年,我国东北地区位势高度偏低,气温偏低;而初霜冻极晚年,我国华北及东北地区位势高度场较常年偏高,气温偏高。     

A Common Reference Material for Cadmium Isotope Studies – NIST SRM 3108

Research into natural mass‐dependent stable isotope fractionation of cadmium has rapidly expanded in the past few years. Methodologies are diverse with MC‐ICP‐MS favoured by all but one laboratory, which uses thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS). To quantify the isotope fractionation and correct for instrumental mass bias, double‐spike techniques, sample‐calibrator bracketing or element doping has been used. However, easy comparison between data sets has been hampered by the multitude of in‐house Cd solutions used as zero‐delta reference in different laboratories. The lack of a suitable isotopic reference material for Cd is detrimental for progress in the long term. We have conducted a comprehensive round‐robin assay of NIST SRM 3108 and the Cd isotope offsets to commonly used in‐house reference materials. Here, we advocate NIST SRM 3108 both as an isotope standard and the isotopic reference point for Cd and encourage its use as ‘zero‐delta’ in future studies. The purity of NIST SRM 3108 was evaluated regarding isobaric and polyatomic molecular interferences, and the levels of Zn, Pd and Sn found were not significant. The isotope ratio ¹¹⁴Cd/¹¹⁰Cd for NIST SRM 3108 lies within ～ 10 ppm Da^?1 of best estimates for the Bulk Silicate Earth and is validated for all measurement technologies currently in use.     

柴达木盆地大红沟剖面新生代地层岩石磁学 特征与环境演变

通过对柴达木盆地大红沟剖面新生代沉积物岩石磁学的研究,探讨青藏高原东北部的构造活动与气候变化。典型样品的热退磁曲线表明,磁铁矿含量随地层年代的变新而增大。沉积物的磁化率由老至新划分为5个阶段,随时代变新而不断增大,与磁铁矿含量的增大相吻合。柴达木盆地沉积物磁化率值的变化与气候变化关系密切:①约43Ma,磁化率增大是全球气候变冷变干导致沉积物中磁铁矿含量增加所致;②约33Ma,磁化率增大是全球气候加速变冷的结果;③22Ma左右,青藏高原整体隆升,控制中国大陆环境的气候系统由行星风系转变为季风风系,亚洲内陆开始干旱化,致使更多的磁铁矿得以保存,磁化率值再度增大;④14Ma青藏高原东北缘发生区域构造抬升,西北干旱区进一步扩大,东亚季风明显加强,同时全球冰量扩张,导致柴达木盆地沉积物的磁化率整体增大,而且波动幅度和频率增大。     

页岩含气量测定过程中的几点建议

页岩气以吸附或游离态赋存与泥页岩中,页岩气含气量数据对储层评价及开发规划具有重要意义.页岩气含气量测定借鉴煤层气标准,在取心方式、总含气量、解吸周期、解吸温度等方面具有一定的差异性,需要改进实验过程,优化实验方法.建议页岩气含气量测定在参考煤层气标准的同时,需要增加数据点、选用多阶解吸温度、选取稳定解吸数据计算损失气,然后根据损失时间进行修正,能有效提高页岩气含气量测定的准确性.     

中国黄土10Be记录中的古地磁场变化

因受气候因素的强烈影响,中国黄土10Be记录无法直接用于示踪地磁场变化,需开展信号分离研究.针对黄土10Be示踪古地磁场的复杂性和存在的关键问题,结合分离黄土10Be浓度所包含的气候因素和地磁场因素的数理分析方法发展历史,分析了各种方法的优缺点.在原有方法的基础上,引入主成分分析法对洛川和西峰2个黄土剖面的10Be记录进行主成分提取,进一步剔除了残差中可能存在的少量气候因素、噪声等随机信号,定量重建了130ka以来的大气10Be产率,与以往方法相比较取得了更优的结果.将主成分分析应用于复杂地质信号的分离,将有助于解决地质或其他信号分离的难题.     

青海大柴旦石灰沟制碱石灰岩矿床地质及成因

矿体赋存于下奥陶统多泉山组中,矿石类型为泥晶灰岩和含生物碎屑泥晶灰岩,典型的残海生物化学沉积,含CaCO393.69ω％～94.0ω％,理想的制碱石灰岩,受地层控制,矿体稳定易采.     

新疆准噶尔盆地西北缘晚泥盆世法门期地层之划分

新疆准噶尔沙尔布尔提山及其附近地区是中国准噶尔-兴安地层区上泥盆统及下石炭统发育的代表地区,其中和布克河中游东岸（萨尔巴根德山地区）是过去受到广泛关注的和布克河组建组典型地区,但因构造改造强烈,导致和布克河组原剖面的描述出现多种问题,其层序及与洪古勒楞组的关系长期以来有着不同的意见。经过多年的野外工作,文中建立了萨尔巴根德山地区法门阶的层序,鉴于该地区的层序与布龙果尔剖面基本相似,认为取消和布克河组的名称,而代之统一使用洪古勒楞组是合理的。萨尔巴根德山地区的法门阶地层由洪古勒楞组及黑山头组（下部）组成,其中洪古勒楞组含弓石燕类等腕足动物及“Cyrtoclymenia”、Platyclymenia等菊石,自下而上可划分为5段（均为新名称）：(1)萨尔巴段以大套灰岩为特征;(2)龙口段以大套灰绿色砂岩、砾岩、粉砂岩为特征;(3)杜古尔段以泥质灰岩及泥灰岩为特征;(4) 乌兰段以紫红色疙瘩状砂质灰岩、紫红色及灰绿色硅质粉砂岩、硅质泥岩为特征;(5)查斯段以灰色钙质砂岩钙质粉砂岩至砂质灰岩为特征。上覆黑山头组（下部）以深灰色硅质粉砂岩、硅质泥岩、硅质岩、细砂岩、紫红色粉砂质、硅质泥页岩为特征,含腕足类Syringothyris Spirifer腕足动物群及Cymaclymenia等菊石,属泥盆系顶部层位。     

黄河流域未来气候-水文变化的模拟研究

将大尺度半分布式水文模型VIC应用到黄河上中游流域(花园口水文断面以上),并利用区域气候模式RegCM4.0单向嵌套全球气候模式BCC_CSM1.1,动力降尺度到黄河流域的模拟结果驱动VIC模型,开展在新的典型浓度路径下(RCP4.5和RCP8.5)黄河流域未来气候和水文变化的离线模拟。模拟结果显示,在RCP4.5和RCP8.5排放情景下,黄河流域21世纪平均地表气温相对于1971—2000年均呈显著上升趋势,2019—2048年上升1.2—1.5℃,2069—2098年上升2.19—3.9℃。未来年平均降水量有微弱的增大,2019—2048年增幅为6%左右,2069—2098年增幅为1.4%—5.6%。未来蒸发量增大明显,2069—2098年年平均蒸发量最大可增加9.6%。2019—2048年花园口水文站的年平均径流量增大3.4%—7.4%,2069—2098年年平均径流量转为减少,减幅为3.3%—5.3%。黄河上游地区未来气候和水文变化趋势与黄河流域基本一致,但未来年径流量变幅低于黄河流域,相对比较稳定。