基于Chandra的活动星系核观测

活动星系核（AGN）是宇宙中最奇特的天体之一。它是真正意义上的全波天体，其中X射线波段的发射功率占到全波段功率的50％左右。AGN的X射线辐射研究涉及天体物理中的最基本问题，例如能量产生、辐射机制和宇宙论等，而Chandra X射线卫星的高分辨率图像和光谱对这一研究有着重要作用。以Chandra卫星的部分观测结果为例，简要介绍了几类不同类型AGN的X射线辐射研究进展：（1）宽吸收线类星体APM08279＋5255（z=3．91）的X射线谱分析，以及高红移类星体的观测概况；（2）Seyfert星系NGC 4151延展X射线发射问题的解决，及NGC 1068X射线辐射与光学波段的高激发态发射线（[OⅢ]λ5007）有很强相关性的发现；（3）6个BLLac天体样本的X射线环境分析；（4）射电星系X射线喷流的观测等。     

MERLIN Images of Five Compact Symmetric Object Candidates at 1.6 GHz

1 INTRODUCTIONCompact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) are powerful and compact sources (overall size <1 bpc) with lobe emission on both sides of the central engine. The small size of these sourcesis almost certainly to be attributed to the youth of the sources themselves (ages < 104 yr) andnot due to a dense coallning medium (Readhead 1996). The unification scenario assumes thatCSOs evolve into compact steep spectrum (CSS) sotirces and then into Fanaroff-Riley type 11objects (Fanti 1995). …     

Study on numerical simulation to water lowering in an open coal mine digging

In view of the situation of excavation of open coal mine for the underground water disaster,we should carry out simulation studies for the numerical value of the water lowering project and improve the accuracy and the level of the water lowering project.On the basis of the hydrological geological conditions of certain open mine digging,a more reasonable seepage numerical model was built according to MODFLOW.It was simulated in advance that the process of the confined water level descending with the time,and combining with the actual observations to test the correctness of the model.The calculation showed that the results coincided well with the results of actual measurement.Based on this,different water lowering numerical simulations were built for the open coal mine digging.It could be simulated and forecast that the changes of the groundwater level in drainage process within and outside the mine pit,and it was quantitatively assessed that the possible water lowering result of the opencast water drainage process,which provide an important basis for the actual water lowering project and the possible project disposal.     

石英砂扫描电镜在漓江“泥砾”成因中的应用

本文根据扫描电镜对从漓江河谷钻孔中的泥砾层取得的481粒石英砂表面形态特证研究结果:石英砂多数颗粒保持棱角状外形并遭受不同程度的磨蚀,具阶状贝壳断口,平直或弧形刮削面和多向擦痕,沿解理面破碎呈“V”字形沟和撞击碟形坑,以及微溶蚀孔、隙、蜂窝状溶孔群和SiO_2再沉积等表面形态结构特征。认为它是在第四纪古地理湿热气候条件下泥石流沉积的产物,物源可能来自境内或周边的泥盆系砂岩和境外的花岗岩。     

Speciation of trace metals in sediments of a tropical estuary

Axial surveys were performed in the two river tributaries of the Cochin estuary, SW India during November 1988. Surficial sediments were subjected to sequential chemical extractions to delineate five metal fractions, namely, exchangeable, carbonate bound, easily reducible, organic/sulfide bound, and residual. The results indicated selective accumulation of Mn and Ni in carbonate bound and organic/sulfide forms, along with marginal amounts of Co in the exchangeable fraction. Large portions of Fe and Cr occurred in the residual fraction, whereas composite fractionation of Zn species was noticed. The exchangeable fractions of Fe and Cr as well as of easily reducible cobalt were below detection limits. The levels of Cr and Zn indicate anthropogenic inputs in this estuary, whereas Co and Ni show regional contamination exceeding natural levels. The analytical speciation procedure helps to deduce the sedimental diagenetic processes in the estuarine environment.     

泰安市地下水污染现状与成因分析

采用参数分级评分叠加型指数法对泰安市地下水污染现状进行的评价结果显示 ,泰安地下水已遭受严重污染。地下水污染以地下水中宏量组分、NO-3 、硬度、TDS的迅速上升高以及地下水遭受人为环境物质的污染为主要标志 ;地下水污染主要受地下水系统水文地质结构、纳污河流、污水灌溉及地下水开采控制和影响 ,地下水污染是人类活动影响的结果。     

Cokriging nonstationary data

Universal cokriging is used to obtain predictions when dealing with multivariate random functions. An important type of nonstationarity is defined in terms of multivariate random functions with increments which are stationary of orderk. The covariance between increments of different variables is modeled by means of the pseudo-cross-covariance function. Criteria are formulated to which the parameters of pseudo-cross-covariance functions must comply so as to ensure positive-definiteness. Cokriging equations and the induced cokriging equations are given. The study is illustrated by an example from soil science.     

济南市地下水资源现状分析及开发利用建议

本文采用较新的统计资料,对济南市地下水资源的开发利用现状及开采潜力,以行政区划为单元进行了分析论证.针对地下水资源开发利用中存在的环境水文地质问题,提出了开发利用规划和建议.     

山东省侵入岩岩石单位及其代号的厘定

根据《1∶2 5万区域地质调查技术要求 (暂行 )》和我省正在进行的 1∶2 5万区调修测取得的阶段性成果 ,对山东省侵入岩岩石单位及其代号进行了厘定 :不同类型的花岗岩类均作为正式填图单位按“年代 岩性和典型产地方法”确定填图单位代号 ,而独立侵入体、脉岩和包体 ,以及基性—超基性岩则作为非正式填图单位按“年代 岩性方法”确定填图单位代号。     

Recharge and salinization in the Madrid Basin

The purpose of this work was to reinvestigate the existing hydrogeological conceptual model of the basin of Madrid, Spain. A cumulative chemical isotopic diagram which enabled the distinction between different groups of water as well as calculation of the mode of their blending was used for this investigation. It was found that the groups of discharge were lighter in their isotopic composition than that of recharge. The previous explanation of this fact, backed by carbon-14 dating, was the long residence time due to flow lines going down to depths of more than 1000 m. This flow model assumes homogenous conditions to these depths. This assumption can not be supported by evidence from deep wells. Thus a modified model is suggested which maintains homogenous conditions only to about 300 m and a deep confined aquifer below containing paleowater. The higher degree of depletion of this water has been explained by a colder climate on top of an altitude effect. Another interesting observation was the correlation between the isotopic composition of the rains, the month of the rain event and the composition of the recharge group groundwater. It could be seen that the winter rains resemble the groundwater composition, which shows that practically all the spring and summer rains were evapotranspirated.