Changing Connectivities of Chinese Cities in the World City Network,2010–2016

Against the backdrop of the sizable economic growth of China in recent years, this paper uses the most recent data gathering of the Globalization and World Cities(Ga WC) research network to update and supplement earlier research on the shifting global connectivity of Chinese cities. The update consists of an evaluation of the connectivity of Chinese cities in 2016, the supplement of an analysis of the changing position of Chinese cities in the world city network between 2010 and 2016. To this end, we build on a specification of the world city network as an ‘interlocking network' in which producer services firms play the crucial role in city network formation. Information about the presence of leading producer services firms in cities in 2010 and 2016 is used as the input to a bipartite network projection algorithm in order to measure cities' network connectivity. The first set of results discusses the geographies of urban connectivity in the world city network in 2016. The second set of results discusses standardized measures of change to reveal the major dimensions of the transformations between 2010 and 2016. We find that, with the exception of Hong Kong, Macau and Kaohsiung of Taiwan, all Chinese cities record connectivity gains. This wholesale rise in connectivity is nonetheless geographically uneven, with above all Beijing, Chengdu/Chongqing and Changsha/Wuhan becoming more connected. We conclude that the wholesale rise of Chinese cities in the world city network and their changing trajectories in the post-crisis era are embedded in shifting external and internal political economies.     

饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼激素敏感性脂肪酶和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶mRNA表达及酶活性的影响

激素敏感性脂肪酶（hormone sensitive lipase，HSL）和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（acetyl-CoA carboxylase，ACC）是脂代谢的关键酶，肌肉和肝脏是鱼类脂代谢的主要场所。为研究饥饿过程中这两种酶的作用，本实验采用实时荧光定量PCR技术以及ELISA技术检测了在35 d饥饿过程中这两种酶在大黄鱼肌肉和肝组织中mRNA表达水平和酶活性的变化。结果显示，饥饿胁迫显著降低大黄鱼肌肉和肝组织中脂肪含量，以及脂肪合成关键酶ACC mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）；显著提高脂肪分解关键酶HSL mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）。饥饿胁迫对肌肉和肝组织中HSL和ACC酶活性均有显著影响（P<0.05），肌肉和肝组织HSL （相关系数r分别为0.598 2和0.539 6）以及肌肉组织ACC酶活性（r=0.677 7）与对应mRNA表达水平呈中度正相关（0.5 < r < 0.8），但ACC酶活性在肝组织与其对应的mRNA表达量呈负相关（r=-0.374 0），提示饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼HSL和ACC的表达存在翻译前和翻译后两种水平的调控。本研究结果可为研究饥饿胁迫对大黄鱼脂类代谢分子层面的影响机制提供依据。     

What do parameterized Om(z) diagnostics tell us in light of recent observations?

In this paper, we propose a new parametrization for Om(z) diagnostics and show how the most recent and significantly improved observations concerning the H(z) and SN Ia measurements can be used to probe the consistency or tension between the ΛCDM model and observations. Our results demonstrate that H0 plays a very important role in the consistency test of ΛCDM with H(z)data. Adopting the Hubble constant priors from Planck 2013 and Riess, one finds considerable tension between the current H(z) data and ΛCDM model and confirms the conclusions obtained previously by others. However, with the Hubble constant prior taken from WMAP9, the discrepancy between H(z) data and ΛCDM disappears, i.e., the current H(z) observations still support the cosmological constant scenario. This conclusion is also supported by the results derived from the Joint Lightcurve Analysis(JLA) SN Ia sample. The best-fit Hubble constant from the combination of H(z)+JLA(H00 = 68.81+1.5-1.49 km s-1 Mpc-1) is very consistent with results derived both by Planck 2013 and WMAP9, but is significantly different from the recent local measurement by Riess.     

Evaluation of CMIP5 Climate Models in Simulating 1979–2005 Oceanic Latent Heat Flux over the Pacific

The climatological mean state,seasonal variation and long-term upward trend of 1979–2005 latent heat flux(LHF) in historical runs of 14 coupled general circulation models from CMIP5(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) are evaluated against OAFlux(Objectively Analyzed air–sea Fluxes) data. Inter-model diversity of these models in simulating the annual mean climatological LHF is discussed. Results show that the models can capture the climatological LHF fairly well,but the amplitudes are generally overestimated. Model-simulated seasonal variations of LHF match well with observations with overestimated amplitudes. The possible origins of these biases are wind speed biases in the CMIP5 models. Inter-model diversity analysis shows that the overall stronger or weaker LHF over the tropical and subtropical Pacific region,and the meridional variability of LHF,are the two most notable diversities of the CMIP5 models. Regression analysis indicates that the inter-model diversity may come from the diversity of simulated SST and near-surface atmospheric specific humidity.Comparing the observed long-term upward trend,the trends of LHF and wind speed are largely underestimated,while trends of SST and air specific humidity are grossly overestimated,which may be the origins of the model biases in reproducing the trend of LHF.     

闽赣交界桃溪穹隆与外围印支期花岗岩岩石地球化学特征对比及地质意义

以桃溪穹隆与外围印支期花岗岩为研究对象,认为桃溪穹隆花岗岩更具壳源特征,表现为与壳源物质有关的矿物较多,岩石呈酸性和碱性程度更高,桃溪穹隆花岗岩高场强元素的亏损程度和亲石元素富集程度都大于穹隆外围,桃溪穹隆花岗岩δEu的亏损程度远大于穹隆外围.Sr-Yb元素特征还显示,印支时期地壳部分重熔形成花岗岩时,桃溪穹隆应处于地...     

Dynamic changes in urban land spatial inequality under the core-periphery structure in urban agglomerations

Relatively coordinated development among cities can typically promote the integration of the whole urban agglomeration, while urbanization of land has been found important to economic development in developing countries. Numerous studies have measured the urban land expansion in urban agglomerations. However, urban land spatial inequality under a specific spatial structure remains poorly understood. Here, we combined the β-convergence model and the core-periphery structure to explore the dynamic...