线性连续变化非弹性介质中地震波射线轨迹与走时研究

地球内部非弹性介质广泛存在,垂向线性连续变化非弹性介质模型具有重要理论与实际意义,本文利用复速度概念推导得到了复速度随深度线性连续变化的非弹性介质中地震波射线轨迹与等时线方程.理论结果表明:在线性连续变化非弹性介质中,射线轨迹呈圆形,等时面的形状为椭圆.最后对射线轨迹与等时线方程的适用性条件进行了讨论.     

蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱研究

本文报道了蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱。在室温下斜纤蛇纹石,正纤蛇纹石,叶蛇纹石和利蛇纹石都具有各自的特征光谱。在结构资料基础上,我们解释了它们之间的光谱差异。无疑,红外光谱是区分各种蛇纹石矿物的有效手段。 样品加热到600—700℃时,3680cm~(-1)羟基带消失,这表明在该温度下蛇纹石矿物完全脱羟。与此同时,光谱中出现橄榄石870cm~(-1)的最强带和一个宽带1000cm~(-1),这说明蛇纹石已部分地转变为晶质橄榄石和形成一个无定形的中间相。800℃时,1060cm~(-1)新带的出现标志着顽火辉石的生成。在所有加热样品的光谱中都没有发现SiO_2吸收带,故可认为,在蛇纹石的热转变过程中没有出现SiO_2相。     

浙江缙云斜发沸石水的核磁共振分析

本文应用宽线NMR技术,结合红外测定,研究了缙云斜发沸石中水的结构类型、存在状态、运动特征和热稳定性。结果表明:缙云斜发沸石中的沸石水按其运动特性可以分为受阻旋转水、自由旋转水和自扩散运动水三种类型,它们以谱线中分裂的双线和线宽不同的单峰相区别。低温时,受阻旋转运动的水在晶格中转变为刚性配置。其脱水次序决定于各类型水与沸石结构骨架键合的强弱,脱水是连续的。研究显示缙云斜发沸石的结构骨架相当疏宽,骨架对水分子的吸引力没有严格的方向性,这一特性有利于阳离子的交换。     

A Computer Model for Cyclic Activity of Strong Earthquakes in Continental Seismic Zones

Based on the study of activity of earthquakes with M**********>7.0 in mainland China,we have found a dynamic pattern,i.e.,the cyclic characteristics in time and migration from one seismic zone to another in space.In order to understand the physical mechanism of this pattern,we use a nonlinear dynamic model to simulate the seismic activity in fault zones under a unified tectonic stress field.The basic elements in our model consist of a Maxwell body and a rigid sliding block.Basic elements in a column represent a fault,and coupling elements connecting different columns simulate the interaction among faults and fault segments.The results provide insights to the cyclic activity of strong earthquakes and to the feature of mutual influence between strong earthquakes in groups in the climax of seismic activity.     

Theory and Experimental Results about the Application of Remote Sensing to Earthquake Prediction

In this paper,the theory for applying remote sensing to earthquake prediction has been elucidated and an experiment has been made.Through the experiment,it has been found that the characteristics and temperature of infrared radiant of rocks vary as a function of rock stress,the order of magnitude of radiance variation is 10-5(W/cm2 sr um),the amount of variation of the radiant temperature is 0.2℃~0.8℃ and some significant precursor information has been discovered.The experiment has verified preliminarily that the advanced technology of remote sensing can be applied to earthquake prediction.     

辉石巨晶中的硫化物及其成因

我国一些地区玄武岩辉石巨晶中的硫化物球泡(0.02-0.05mm)呈点阵式、散布式、定向带状或微裂隙羽状分布。硫化矿物组合是磁黄铁矿-镍黄铁矿-黄铜矿,其中以磁黄铁矿为主(～90％)。根据硫化物的规则排布以及高温矿物组合推测点阵式、散布式硫化物形成于地幔。是由溶解了～1％S的硅酸盐熔体在减压上升过程中析出过饱和的硫所致。     

华南两个成岩成矿系列花岗岩中黑云母的差热分析

本文对采自华南两个成岩成矿系列花岗岩中的黑云母进行了DTA特征和其他热性质的比较。发现可根据黑云母的OH脱失峰温度、熔化吸热峰的形状、熔化热及熔化后产物的形态来区分不同成因的花岗岩。文中还探讨了造成黑云母热性质差异的原因。     

横断山不同成因类型花岗岩类岩石中黑云母的标型特征

本文研究了横断山区不同成因类型花岗岩类岩石中黑云母的化学成分、微量元素、结构和物理性质等。结合花岗岩类岩石的成因类型,将黑云母分为三个亚种:富镁黑云母(MF=1.3—1.5)、镁黑云母(MF=1—1.3)和富铁黑云母(MF=0.5-1)。     

黄钇钽矿形成条件的实验研究

本文实验表明,黄钇钽矿需要在温度≥500℃,溶液pH≈4.0-7.5,压力500—1500bar的范围内形成,与褐钇铌矿相比,其形成条件的范围要窄得多。 不同的稀土元素在形成黄钇钽矿时的成矿温度亦不同。钇族稀土成矿温度相对较低且相互接近,铈族稀土的成矿温度比钇族稀土高得多,并随原子序数减小而迅速增高,以致La、Ce、Pr、Nd在一般的地质条件下难以形成这种结构的矿物,这就是至今在自然界发现的黄钇钽矿均为钇族稀土占优势的原因之一。实验还表明,大量F、P等组分的存在,对黄钇钽矿的形成是不利的。     

THE CHARACTERS OF ENERGY BUDGET ON THE GOBI AND DESERT SURFACE IN HEXI REGION

In the paper,the characters of surface energy budget on Huayin(Gobi)and the desert surface during the periodfrom 26 June to 31 August 1990 in the HEIFE have been analyzed,then have been compared with the observed resultsduring 4—19 September 1988 in the Pilot Observation Period of the HEIFE.The results show that the atmosphere is insuperadiabatic unstable state and there is a phenomenon of inverse humidity to form negative water vapour flux.Thesensible heat flux on the surface energy budget is in majority,but the latent heat flux may be neglected over the Gobi anddesert surface in the cloudless daytime in the summer.