2016年四川省持续性高温天气时空变化特征及其成因

利用四川省134个地面站的逐日最高气温资料和ERA-interim再分析资料,对2016年四川省持续性高温天气过程的时空变化规律及其持续期间大尺度环流的异常演变特征进行诊断分析,结果表明:2016年8月11～26日,四川省出现历史罕见的持续大范围高温天气,全省平均最高气温、高温日数和持续高温日数均突破历史同期极值,为1...     

LONG-DISTANCE-RELAYED WATER VAPOR TRANSPORT EAST OF TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS IMPACTS

This paper attempts to reveal a long-distance-relayed water vapor transport(LRWVT) east of Tibetan Plateau and its impacts. The results show that from August to October, east of Tibetan Plateau, there exists a unique LRWVT,and the water vapor from the South China Sea and the western Pacific can affect the Sichuan Basin, Northwest China and other Chinese regions far from the tropical sea through this way. From August to October, the precipitation of the region east of the Plateau is closely linked both in the intra-annual and inter-annual variations, and the LRWVT from the South China Sea and the western Pacific is an important connection mechanism. The large-scale circulation background of the LRWVT impacting the precipitation of the region east of the Plateau is as follows: At high levels,the South Asian High is generally stronger than normal and significantly enhances with its northward advance and eastward extension over the region east of the Plateau. At mid-level, a broad low pressure trough is over Lake Balkhash and its surroundings, and the Western Pacific Subtropical High(WPSH) is northward and westward located, and the western part of Sichuan Basin and the eastern part of Northwest China are located in the west and northwest edge of WPSH.     

基于ArcIMS的城市电子地图设计与开发

WebGIS技术的日趋成熟和推广应用为城市电子地图的实现提供了很好的技术支持.本文在分析ArcIMS和城市电子地图功能特点的基础上,探讨了基于ArcIMS的城市电子地图的设计与开发,重点研究了查询和专题地图功能的实现方法,实现了城市电子地图的网络发布、浏览、查询等主要功能,对于开发简便实用、查询快捷的城市电子地图具有较好的应用参考价值.     

基于WinCE的嵌入式工业测量系统研究与开发

以WinCE为操作系统,C#为开发环境,介绍基于伞站仪的嵌入式工业测量系统开发.洋细阐述系统软硬件架构,主要分析嵌入式工业测量系统开发的关键技术.     

测量学实验教学体系建设研究

面向测绘行业对现代化测绘人才的需求,针对当前测量学实验教学体系建设中存在的一些问题展开分析,讨论了这些问题的存在。从实验仪器管理、实践教学体系改革、校园实训基地建设、实验室运行管理等4个角度出发,分析了测量实验教学体系改革方法,构建了面向现代化测绘仪器操作的实验教学培养体系。对于培养学生仪器操作能力、提高学生理论知识水平、促进测量实验教学现代化水平提高具有一定参考价值。同时,也为实验室建设和发展提供了完善的建设思路。     

2010年东亚冬季风月内尺度振荡特征及其与西南地区冬季气温的关系

利用NCEP/NCAR R2逐日再分析资料和西南地区气象台站逐日气温资料,通过带通滤波、小波分析、相关分析和合成分析等统计方法,研究了2010年东亚冬季风月内尺度振荡特征及其与西南地区冬季气温的联系。结果表明,2010年东亚冬季风在月内时间尺度上主要存在7天左右、12天左右以及30天左右为主要振荡周期的低频振荡。东亚冬季风月内尺度,准1周、准2周时间尺度内的振荡特征可以很好指示出同期西南地区较强的低温过程,且在准2周尺度比准1周尺度对西南地区冬季低温的影响更明显。月内尺度、准1周、准2周尺度上东亚冬季风正、负位相时,无论是对流层高层、中层、低层环流场分布形势均有显著差别,当东亚冬季风正位相时对流层从高层到低层环流场形势均有利于西南地区冬季低温,而负位相时环流形势相反,不利于西南地区低温。     

东海沿海季节性海平面异常成因

Based on the analysis of sea level, air temperature, sea surface temperature(SST), air pressure and wind data during 1980–2013, the causes of seasonal sea level anomalies in the coastal region of the East China Sea(ECS) are investigated. The research results show:(1) sea level along the coastal region of the ECS takes on strong seasonal variation. The annual range is 30–45 cm, larger in the north than in the south. From north to south, the phase of sea level changes from 140° to 231°, with a difference of nearly 3 months.(2) Monthly mean sea level(MSL)anomalies often occur from August to next February along the coast region of the ECS. The number of sea level anomalies is at most from January to February and from August to October, showing a growing trend in recent years.(3) Anomalous wind field is an important factor to affect the sea level variation in the coastal region of the ECS. Monthly MSL anomaly is closely related to wind field anomaly and air pressure field anomaly. Wind-driven current is essentially consistent with sea surface height. In August 2012, the sea surface heights at the coastal stations driven by wind field have contributed 50%–80% of MSL anomalies.(4) The annual variations for sea level,SST and air temperature along the coastal region of the ECS are mainly caused by solar radiation with a period of12 months. But the correlation coefficients of sea level anomalies with SST anomalies and air temperature anomalies are all less than 0.1.(5) Seasonal sea level variations contain the long-term trends and all kinds of periodic changes. Sea level oscillations vary in different seasons in the coastal region of the ECS. In winter and spring, the oscillation of 4–7 a related to El Ni?o is stronger and its amplitude exceeds 2 cm. In summer and autumn, the oscillations of 2–3 a and quasi 9 a are most significant, and their amplitudes also exceed 2 cm. The height of sea level is lifted up when the different oscillations superposed. On the other hand, the height of sea level is fallen down.     

高原冬季风及热带太平洋海温对西南地区冬季气温的影响

利用1979~2008年西南地区115个测站逐日气温资料和NCEP/NCAR R2日平均再分析资料,通过相关分析和合成分析,讨论了高原冬季风季节内变化特征及其与西南地区冬季气温之间的关系。结果表明:高原冬季风指数和同期西南地区冬季平均的逐日气温呈反相关关系。高原冬季风偏强、偏弱时,对流层高层、中层、低层环流场分布形势均有显著差别,当高原冬季风偏强时,同期东亚冬季风偏弱,Nino3.4区海温偏高,对流层从高层到低层环流场形势均不利于西南地区冬季低温;当高原冬季风偏弱时,同期东亚冬季风偏强,Nino3.4区海温偏低,对流层从高层到低层环流场形势均有利于西南地区冬季低温。      

高原夏季风指数的定义及其特征分析

基于1958~2002年ECMWF再分析资料,我国160个台站降水和气温资料,从夏季高原季风环流系统特点出发,定义了能较好表征高原夏季风环流变化的特征指数,分析了高原夏季风年际、年代际变化特征,并揭示了高原夏季风强弱异常时的环流特征及其与中国夏季降水和气温的关系,主要结论为:(1)用6~8月600hPa (27.5~30°N,80~100°E)范围内平均的西风分量距平与(35~37.5°N,80~100°E)范围内平均的东风分量距平差定义了高原夏季风指数(PM I)。该指数计算简单,意义清楚,代表性好。(2)1958~2002年高原夏季风整体呈增强趋势,在20世纪60年代中期之前是高原夏季风的强盛期,之后是高原夏季风弱期,在80年代以后又转为季风强期。(3)高原夏季风与中国夏季降水和气温相关很好。将该指数与之前汤懋苍定义的指数进行性能综合比较后,发现该指数对川渝地区的夏季降水及气温有更好的指示意义。      

四川地区夏季旱涝与西太平洋副热带高压的关系

利用近46年西太平洋副热带高压特征指数资料、四川地区123个测站的逐日降水资料集及NCEP\NCAR再分析资料,研究了四川地区夏季旱涝事件的空间分布特征及其与西太副高的关系。结果表明,四川盆地东西部经常出现"西旱东涝"或者"西涝东旱"的异常特征。西太平洋副热带高压的脊线、北界位置与四川盆地东(西)部区的旱涝之间存在很高正(负)相关关系。西太平洋副热带高压南北位置的异常变化对应着东亚地区大气环流的异常变化,从而影响四川盆地东部区及四川盆地西部区的旱涝变化。