小偃54小麦的抗逆性表现

小偃54是一个具有杂种优势、品质优良的小麦品种.通过在豫南试种、示范及对其生理机制探讨发现它有发达的根系,可在逆境中充分吸收营养、水分等,以满足自身营养需要和加大蒸发量,以调解渍水及旱灾条件下的生理功能和提高抵御病、旱、涝、倒伏等自然灾害的抗逆能力;具有旗叶中等、旗叶上挺的特征,因此通风透光较好,冠层温度较低,具有较高的抗干热风能力.此外,它是蛋白质含量很高的优质小麦,又是氮高效基因型,既能在逆境胁迫下充分吸收营养,又能用自身能量维护渍水条件下的生存需要,同时它又是属于高效低营养基因型,尤其适合在低磷协迫下利用其自身遗传生理特性去活化吸收营养,调解抗逆能力,获得较高产量.     

<陕西地质>征稿简则

1　办刊宗旨和刊登内容《陕西地质》是向国内外公开发行的地学类综合性学术刊物,是地学界的一个学术园地,它坚持党的基本路线和“双百”方针,主要反映陕西地学领域科研、生产中取得最新的科学技术成果,以促进国内外地球科学学术交流,推进我省地矿工作发展为宗旨。欢迎陕西地学界及省外、国外专家学者向本刊撰稿。本刊内容包括陕西地域及与之相关的基础地质、矿床地质、水工环地质、农业地质、第四纪地质、国土规划与整治、地震地质、地质实验、勘查技术及工程施工、地质机械及仪器、矿产开发利用、物化探、计算机应用、地学软科学和地学范畴…     

宇宙大尺度分形结构的一阶Kohmoto熵

已有观测证据表明宇宙大尺度结构是自相似或自仿射的分形分布，并已求出表片这两类分形的结构分数维。多分形热力学中提出的Ｋｏｈｍｏｔｏ熵函数建立了多重分形和热力学的形式类式。本文在三维球对称坐标系中求取了无标度区间ｒ０≤ｒ≤Ｒ范围内宇宙大尺度自相似分形分布的一阶Ｋｏｈｍｏｔｏ熵函数，它对应于信息论中的信息熵。     

太阳物理学中的分形和混沌

对非线性科学的两个重要分支；分形和混沌在太阳物理学中的应用情况作了综述信要内容包括；太阳活动混沌性的揭示；对太阳活动混沌性的可能解释－太阳非线性发电机理论；一些太阳现象的分形描述；耀斑的自组织临界行为研究，最后给出了作者对这一领域工作前景的展望。     

1980–2011年中国农作物种植结构时空变化（英文）

Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of cropping systems is very important for agricultural policymaking and food security assessment,and can provide a basis for national policies regarding cropping systems adjustment and agricultural adaptation to climate change.With rapid development of society and the economy,China's cropping structure has profoundly changed since the reform and opening up in 1978,but there has been no systematic investigation of the pattern,process and characteristics of these changes.In view of this,a crop area database for China was acquired and compiled at the county level for the period 1980–2011,and linear regression and spatial analysis were employed to investigate the cropping structure type and cropping proportion changes at the national level.This research had three main findings:(1) China's cropping structure has undergone significant changes since 2002;the richness of cropping structure types has increased significantly and a diversified-type structure has gradually replaced the single types.The single-crop types—dominated by rice,wheat or maize—declined,affected by the combination of these three major food crops in mixed plantings and conversion of some of their planting area to other crops.(2) In the top 10 types,82.7% of the county-level cropping structure was rice,wheat,maize and their combinations in 1980;however,this proportion decreased to 50.7% in 2011,indicating an adjustment period of China's cropping structure.Spatial analysis showed that 63.8% of China's counties adjusted their cropping structure,with the general change toward reducing the main food types and increasing fruits and vegetables during 1980–2011.(3) At the national level,the grain-planting pattern dominated by rice shifted to coexistence of rice,wheat and maize during this period.There were significant decreasing trends for 47% of rice,61% of wheat and 29.6% of maize cropping counties.The pattern of maize cropping had the most significant change,with the maize proportion decreasing in the zone from northeastern to southwestern China during this period.Cities and their surroundings were hotspots for cropping structural adjustment.Urbanization has significantly changed cropping structure,with most of these regions showing rapid increases in the proportion of fruit and vegetables.Our research suggests that the policy of cropping structural adjustment needs to consider geographical characteristics and spatial planning of cropping systems.In this way,the future direction of cropping structural adjustment will be appropriate and scientifically based,such as where there is a need to maintain or increase rice and wheat cropping,increase soybean and decrease maize,and increase the supply of fruit and vegetables.     

1949–2014年中国三种主要作物的地理重心时空迁移分析（英文）

Spatial distribution changes in major crops can reveal important information about cropping systems.Here,a new centroid method that applies physics and mathematics to spatial pattern analysis in agriculture is proposed to quantitatively describe the historical centroids of rice,maize and wheat in China from 1949 to 2014.The geographical centroids of the rice area moved 413.39 km in a 34.32° northeasterly(latitude 3.08°N,longitude 2.10°E) direction at a speed of 6.36 km/year from central Hunan province to Hubei province,while the geographical centroids of rice production moved 509.26 km in the direction of 45.44° northeasterly(latitude 3.22°N,longitude 3.27°E) at a speed of 7.83 km/year from central Hunan province to Henan province.The geographical centroids of the maize area and production moved 307.15 km in the direction of 34.33° northeasterly(latitude 2.29°N,longitude 1.56°E) and 308.16 km in the direction of 30.79° northeasterly(latitude 2.39°N,longitude 1.42°E),respectively.However,the geographical centroids of the wheat area and production were randomly distributed along the border of Shanxi and Henan provinces.We divided the wheat into spring wheat and winter wheat and found that the geographical centroids of the spring wheat area and production were distributed within Inner Mongolia,while the geographical centroids of winter wheat were distributed in Shanxi and Henan provinces.We found that the hotspots of crop cultivation area and production do not always change concordantly at a larger,regional scale,suggesting that the changing amplitude and rate of each crops' yield differ between different regions in China.Thus,relevant adaptation measures should be taken at a regional level to prevent production damage in those with increasing area but decreasing production.     

1920年海原8(1/2)级大地震的多重破裂特征

根据作者等人野外实地考察,1920年海原8(1/2)级大地震的地层断层全长225km,共由6条几何参数不同的次级断层呈有规律的斜列状组合而成.每一条次级断层都可分为形变性质不同的三段,其中中段以水平走滑性质为主;两端以垂直形变为主,表现为逆断层和正断层性质.垂直和水平位移的测量数据也表明,每一条次级断层的中段水平位移最大,向两端逐渐减小,以至消失,而垂直位移正好相反,中段小,两端大.整个断层的地震位移显示出多个峰值的形变特征.这种形变特征表明,海原大地震的6条次级断层都是各个相对独立的水平位移间断面(即位错面),每个位错面,都可以代表一次独立的次级地震破裂事件.作者等据此认为,巨大的8(1/2)级海原大地震可能是由6次相对独立的次级地震事件接续发生的结果.      

穆龙套超大型金矿地质简况

穆龙套金矿区位于苏联西乌兹别克克齐库姆地区,撒马尔罕 NW 约300km,为南天山构造带的一部分,经纬度为东经64°36′,北纬41°30′(图1)。该矿在20—30年代已有所闻,1957年开始作系统工作,首先发现了重砂异常,之后进行了1∶5万和1∶1万系统化探工作,发现了 As,W、Sb 等异常,特别是 As 异常。穆龙套地区即是最大的 As 异常区,最早引起人们注意的是含金石英脉,后来发现受交代作用影响的围岩含金亦很高,实际上是网脉状的金矿化,目前看来周围矿点均是网脉型矿化。