兰州特产——安宁蜜桃产地的农业地质特征

专项农业地质调查表明,兰州安宁蜜桃产地具有优良桃树生长发育的良好农业地质环境。其突出特征是①典型的冷凉、通风、向阳的气候-地理环境;②由砂岩、花岗岩地层岩石风化形成的透气、透水的冲洪积砂质壤土;（爹土壤中富含特需的品质元素——钾素;（多土壤中主要营养元素N、P、K和微量营养元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo的丰缺度组合形态以及其拮抗作用极有利于桃树良好生长发育。桃园区经过一定的工作和程序,可建立桃农业地学示范基地和无公害桃栽培旅游区。     

“院士专家地勘行”为浙江地勘事业发展支招献策

日前,浙江省地质勘查局开展"院士专家地勘行"活动,在浙江地勘事业改革转型的关键时期,邀请局系统内六个院士专家工作站的相关进站院士及教授专家团队为地勘事业发展支招献策。中国科学院院士陈旭、杨文采、金振民、杨树锋及浙江大学、中国地质大学(武汉)相关教授专家出席活动,浙江省地质勘查局党委委员。     

无人机气象灾害应急平台的设计

根据目前我国民用无人机的性能和分类,结合广东省突发应急事件的要求,对广东省无人机气象灾害应急平台设计进行了探讨。结果表明,建立全省应急无人机统一框架,需要规范无人机视频采集格式。由无人机、通信以及地面测控等组成的无人机平台,具有集航线设计、显示回放、多媒体采集、喊话及二次开发等功能。对于不同地域的应急应选用不同类型的无人机,城市应急选用自带降落伞的多旋翼无人机;山区应急选用具有垂直起降功能的固定翼无人机;海上应急选用长航时、速度快、抗风能力强且能在沙滩上起降的固定翼无人机。     

基于证据加权模型的青海拉陵灶火地区矿产靶区预测及效果评价研究

当代矿产资源评价是复杂高维非线性系统的建模与评价过程,建立能够描述综合信息间复杂关系的多元非线性统计模型并预测矿产靶区,对矿产勘查具有重要指导意义。本文基于GIS软件平台,将证据加权模型应用于青海拉陵灶火地区矿产靶区预测,提取研究区成矿地质背景信息,遥感地质信息,地球化学异常信息等17种致矿综合信息,建立研究区矿产靶区预测模型,绘制成矿后验概率分布图,并利用ROC曲线分析方法对预测结果进行效果评价,根据ROC曲线的TP率和FP率计算圈定矿产靶区概率阈值,对研究区矿产靶区进行了圈定,结果表明证据加权和ROC曲线分析相结合圈定的成矿靶区与已知矿点分布较为吻合,该方法用于矿产靶区预测具有一定的可行性。     

Design and Test of 1/5th Scale Horizontal Axis Tidal Current Turbine

Tidal current energy is prominent and renewable. Great progress has been made in the exploitation technology of tidal current energy all over the world in recent years, and the large scale device has become the trend of tidal current turbine (TCT) for its economies. Instead of the similarity to the wind turbine, the tidal turbine has the characteristics of high hydrodynamic efficiency, big thrust, reliable sealing system, tight power transmission structure, etc. In this paper, a 1/5th scale horizontal axis tidal current turbine has been designed, manufactured and tested before the full scale device design. Firstly, the three-blade horizontal axis rotor was designed based on traditional blade element momentum theory and its hydrodynamic performance was predicted in numerical model. Then the power train system and stand-alone electrical control unit of tidal current turbine, whose performances were accessed through the bench test carried out in workshop, were designed and presented. Finally, offshore tests were carried out and the power performance of the rotor was obtained and compared with the published literatures, and the results showed that the power coefficient was satisfactory, which agrees with the theoretical predictions.     

东海沿海季节性海平面异常成因

Based on the analysis of sea level, air temperature, sea surface temperature(SST), air pressure and wind data during 1980–2013, the causes of seasonal sea level anomalies in the coastal region of the East China Sea(ECS) are investigated. The research results show:(1) sea level along the coastal region of the ECS takes on strong seasonal variation. The annual range is 30–45 cm, larger in the north than in the south. From north to south, the phase of sea level changes from 140° to 231°, with a difference of nearly 3 months.(2) Monthly mean sea level(MSL)anomalies often occur from August to next February along the coast region of the ECS. The number of sea level anomalies is at most from January to February and from August to October, showing a growing trend in recent years.(3) Anomalous wind field is an important factor to affect the sea level variation in the coastal region of the ECS. Monthly MSL anomaly is closely related to wind field anomaly and air pressure field anomaly. Wind-driven current is essentially consistent with sea surface height. In August 2012, the sea surface heights at the coastal stations driven by wind field have contributed 50%–80% of MSL anomalies.(4) The annual variations for sea level,SST and air temperature along the coastal region of the ECS are mainly caused by solar radiation with a period of12 months. But the correlation coefficients of sea level anomalies with SST anomalies and air temperature anomalies are all less than 0.1.(5) Seasonal sea level variations contain the long-term trends and all kinds of periodic changes. Sea level oscillations vary in different seasons in the coastal region of the ECS. In winter and spring, the oscillation of 4–7 a related to El Ni?o is stronger and its amplitude exceeds 2 cm. In summer and autumn, the oscillations of 2–3 a and quasi 9 a are most significant, and their amplitudes also exceed 2 cm. The height of sea level is lifted up when the different oscillations superposed. On the other hand, the height of sea level is fallen down.     

一种实用海洋浮标数据异常值质控方法

针对海洋浮标的波高观测数据,通过结合格拉布斯准则(Grubbs)、局地异常值检验方法和波高观测误差控制建立了一种实用的数据异常值质控方法并对波高观测异常值进行了质控效果检验。结果表明,该质控方法由于加入了波高观测误差控制,从而避免了将大量正常数据误判为异常数据,异常数据判断的准确率达到了较高水准。另外该方法也可以作为一种实用质控方法推广使用于其他海洋浮标观测要素。     

矿物表征自动定量分析系统(AMICS)技术在稀土稀有矿物鉴定中的应用

云南武定迤纳厂铁-铜-稀土矿床是我国扬子地块西南缘具有代表性的元古代铁-铜-稀土矿床之一,矿床中除Fe、Cu外,还伴生REEs、Nb、Co、Mo、Au、U等元素。由于矿石矿物组成复杂,并且稀土、稀有矿物结晶粒度细小、嵌布特征复杂,使用传统的测试技术很难准确地识别鉴定,因此该矿床中稀土、稀有(铌)矿物的赋存状态研究一直较为薄弱。本文应用目前国际上矿物与地质行业先进的矿物自动分析系统——矿物表征自动定量分析系统(AMICS),结合扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)显微结构原位分析技术,实现了常规岩矿鉴定手段难以完成的矿物定量识别和鉴定,准确地测定了武定迤纳厂铁-铜-稀土矿床脉状矿石中矿物种类及其含量,在脉状矿石发现了含量可观的氟碳钙铈矿(0.82%)和少量的含铌金红石(0.02%)等稀土稀有矿物。研究表明,除了铁氧化物成矿阶段,在铜硫化物成矿阶段也伴随有稀土成矿作用,因此可将主矿化期划分为铁氧化物-稀土矿化阶段(Ⅱ-1)和铜硫化物(-金)-稀土矿化阶段(Ⅱ-2)。研究成果为矿石中稀土、稀有金属等战略矿产资源的综合利用及矿床的进一步研究提供了可靠的数据,同时建立了一套先进、实用的岩石矿物鉴定技术,可望在地质、勘探、资源的有效利用等领域得到更广泛应用。     

基于Sentinel--2A的阿里萨罗盐湖锂资源遥感定量分析

为探究阿里萨罗盐湖中锂资源的空间分布状况,笔者利用Sentinel--2A卫星数据和锂离子含量实测数据对其进行统计分析,并利用波段组合方法建立盐指数,再结合主成分分析对盐湖中的锂离子含量进行分离,建立盐湖中锂离子含量遥感预测模型。结果表明,此遥感预测模型的盐湖中锂离子含量预测结果精度均 80%,预测得到的锂离子含量分布情况与实际情况基本一致。     

汉中天坑群的发现及价值

正2016年7月至今,陕西省地质调查院历时近2年,在中国北纬32°湿润热带-亚热带喀斯特地貌区最北界,首次发现罕见的喀斯特地质景观—汉中天坑群,包括宁强九台山台原、南郑大垭台原、西乡细辛坝台原及镇巴三元台原4个相对独立的喀斯特系统,由天坑、洞穴、峡谷、地缝、陡崖、竖井、伏流、洼地、石林、湖泊、瀑布等527处喀斯特地貌组成。其中,口径大于500m的超级天坑2个、大型天坑7个、