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以长白山区泥炭地的6种泥炭藓孢子和8种维管植物种子为受试材料,进行室内模拟实验,对比研究了沙尘沉降对泥炭藓孢子和维管植物种子萌发的影响。数据分析显示,施加沙尘抑制除锈色泥炭藓外其他所有泥炭藓孢子的萌发,在接近自然沉降的50 g/(m2·a)水平时,这些泥炭藓孢子的萌发率均下降一半以上。无论沙尘施加量如何,有4种维管植物种子均未萌发。施加沙尘抑制了狭叶杜香(Rhododendron tomentosum)和小白花地榆(Sanguisorba parviflora)种子的萌发,但却对宽叶杜香(Rhododendron palustre)和燕子花(Iris laevigata)种子的萌发呈现一定的促进趋势。研究表明,沙尘沉降可抑制泥炭地泥炭藓孢子和部分典型维管植物种子的萌发,但可能会对非典型的或喜营养的泥炭地维管植物种子萌发产生促进作用。所以,长期存在的沙尘沉降,可能通过提高泥炭地N、Ca水平和pH值的作用,抑制泥炭藓孢子定居,阻滞中国长白山区泥炭地自发演替的进程。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号气田井筒腐蚀影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
塔里木盆地塔中Ⅰ号气田为典型的酸性气田,生产井井筒面临严重的腐蚀隐患。结合塔中Ⅰ号气田的生产情况,对影响井筒腐蚀的各种因素(CO2及H2S含量、温度和流速等)进行了系统研究,并确定了:①塔中Ⅰ号气田各井的井筒腐蚀受硫化氢和二氧化碳的共同影响,以硫化氢腐蚀为主,约占70%;②90℃±是井筒腐蚀发生最严重的温度区域;③塔中Ⅰ号气田各井的流速多数1m/s,存在垢下腐蚀,个别井流速达4.9m/s,存在冲刷腐蚀。根据井筒腐蚀的各主要影响因素,提出了应对井筒腐蚀的防护方法和建议。 相似文献
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Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China V: Silicon deficit process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Silicon is a necessary nutrient for diatoms, silicon uptake in diatom reproduction decreased seawater silicon content. This paper clarified the characteristics of silicon transferring in the sea, which plays an important role in phytoplankton growth, zooplankton graze and marine ecosystem. Analysis revealed that silicate is supplied by terrestrial sources, through plankton uptake, death, and eventually deposits to the sea bottom, and cannot diffuse upward. This is a general silicon deficit process. Many global marine waters showed the same silicon transfer route: land→silicon biogeochemical process→sea bottom. River flow brings abundant silicate into marine waters, silicate concentration in the waters decreased in the distance away from the river estuaries. In discussion of silicon characteristics and its transfer route, it was considered that the main factor controlling the mechanism of diatom and non-diatom red tides occurrence is silicon, and the changes in silicon source. Human activities, such as sea-route cutting by building embankment and dam, and silicon supplement by the sea, such as sandstorm, rainstorm and storm tide, have largely impaired the earth ecosystem and hugely threatened the human existence. It is suggested in this paper that man should resume the original face of the Si input into the sea to keep natural ecosystem in sustainable pattern. 相似文献
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黄河口区域综合承载力评估指标体系初步构建及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为进一步推动综合承载力的相关研究工作,本文应用“压力-状态-响应”(PSR)模型构建黄河口区域综合承载力评估指标体系,采用综合指数法评估了2007年~2009年黄河口区域的综合承载力状态。结果表明,2007~2009年黄河口区域综合承载力指数在0.44~0.52之间,综合承载力状态处于满载状态。其中,2007年所受的压力比较大,主要表现在海水养殖面积较大,岸线利用强度过大;状态指数在0.43~0.51之间,主要表现在海洋环境质量现状较差,海域污染面积比例过大,富营养化程度较高;响应指数在0.39~0.54之间,表明人类对黄河口区域的压力和状态均采取了一定的响应措施,但响应措施的效果不是很理想,主要表现在科技创新能力较低和环境保护支出及基础设施支出所占国民经济比重较小。为提高黄河口区域综合承载力状况,需要优先控制海水养殖规模,降低自然岸线的利用程度,防治海域无机氮污染,提高科技创新能力,增加环境保护和基础设施投入。 相似文献
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Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay,China V:Silicon deficit process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 INTRODUCTION Land-sourced silicon are continuously input into the sea by rivers. After being assimilated by thousands of living organisms in the sea, silicon sinks with the marine living organisms to the sea bottom, showing a complete silicon transfer process. The study of this dynamic process need clarifying the characteristics of silicon in the sea, which plays an important role in phytoplankton growth, zoo-plankton graze and marine ecosystem. 2 SILICON BEING INDISPENSABLE N… 相似文献
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带鱼(Trichiurus haumela)鱼卵DNA的提取及其18S rDNA初步分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目前应用显微镜技术很难进行鱼卵种类的准确鉴定,本文尝试采用DNA技术开展鱼卵的鉴定工作。以带鱼(Trichiurus haumela)鱼卵为研究对象,采用苯酚-氯仿法提取了其DNA基因组,并采用PCR及克隆测序的方法,对其18S rDNA序列进行了测定与初步分析。结果表明,提取的带鱼(T.haumela)鱼卵DNA基因组片段长度约23kb,PCR扩增片段长度约1.8kb;带鱼(T.haumela)鱼卵18S rDNA与其它已知鱼类的18S rDNA序列具有一定的差异性,可以用其进行带鱼(T.haumela)鱼卵的初步鉴定。 相似文献