利用煤岩可溶有机质生物标志化合物探讨塔里木盆地侏罗系沉积环境

塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷低成熟煤岩可溶有机质研究表明,正构烷烃呈双峰分布,且∑n-C21-/∑n-C22 >5.0;Pr/Ph值为3.76,有明显的姥鲛烷优势;藿烷系列化合物丰富,且C30-αβ藿烷为主峰碳;检测出相对丰度不高的三环二萜烷系列化合物和C29~C32-ββ生物构型藿烷;丰富甾烷系列化合物的检出,包括C29相对丰度占优势、孕甾烷和重排甾烷的检出等。印证了塔里木盆地在侏罗纪为典型陆相沉积,沉积环境偏氧化,且侏罗系煤岩成煤母质主要为陆源有机质输入为主的高等植物。     

贺兰山针叶林物种密度的通径分析

通径分析是研究变量间复杂关系的一种有效方法。在沿海拔梯度进行群落调查的基础上,对贺兰山针叶林物种密度进行通径分析,结果表明:1)贺兰山东西坡针叶林物种密度的海拔格局基本一致。物种密度的主要影响因子是海拔,而海拔反映了综合的气候梯度。2)针叶林的物种密度明显随着海拔的升高而降低,表层土壤有机质含量的增高对于物种密度有促进作用。3)针叶林的物种密度主要由草本种类的多少决定。草本和灌木层物种密度都明显受到海拔和土壤有机质含量的影响。坡向对于灌木层物种密度也有一定影响。     

川西坳陷新场气田须家河组五段烃源岩分子地球化学特征

上三叠统须家河组五段是川西坳陷新场气田勘探的热点层系之一.对新场须五段泥质烃源岩进行了分子地球化学分析,结果表明:新场须五段泥岩可溶抽提物姥植比介于0.26~1.70之间,C₂₇-C₂₉规则甾烷中C₂₇和C₂₉甾烷相对含量平均值分别为31.2%和44.6%,伽马蜡烷/C₃₀藿烷比值介于0.11~0.34,MPI₁、F₁和4-/1-MDBT均与成熟度呈正相关.新场须五段泥岩有机质生源中,陆源高等植物略占优势,但低等水生生物和藻类也具有一定的贡献;泥岩主要沉积于湖泊环境,部分沉积于缺氧的盐水环境.成熟度对一些芳烃化合物指标具有明显影响,成熟度超过1.25%的煤系烃源岩样品的三芴系列和成熟度超过1.2%的样品的MDBTs/MDBFs比值不能直接用于沉积环境的判别.      

东准噶尔地区扎河坝——阿尔曼太蛇绿岩多期次岩浆演化特征：来自锆石U-Pb年代学的证据

新疆东准噶尔地区阿尔曼太蛇绿岩被认为是早古生代大洋岩石圈残片,其主要由地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩以及硅质岩组成。通过野外地质观测,发现在扎河坝-阿尔曼太蛇绿岩内侵入了大量的岩体,主要为闪长岩以及闪长玢岩。本文通过LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 定年,获得蛇绿岩中辉长岩年龄为497.3 ± 4.5 Ma,而后期侵入的闪长玢岩的年龄为424.5 ± 3.1 Ma。前人研究认为这些闪长玢岩具有岛弧岩浆岩特征。结合区域地质背景,本文认为这些后期侵入的闪长玢岩是岛弧岩浆作用的结果, 推测阿尔曼太蛇绿岩为一个岛弧多期次演化的产物。     

基于米兰科维奇理论的高精度旋回识别与划分--以南图尔盖盆地Ary301井中侏罗统为例

将天文轨道周期与不同级别的旋回联系起来,旨在使米兰科维奇周期这一高精度时间标尺纳入高频层序地层划分中,实现高精度旋回的识别与划分。以哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地Aryskum地堑Ary301井为例,基于不同沉积特征,分别对卡拉甘塞组I~IV段自然伽马测井数据进行频谱分析和连续小波变换,结果显示沉积地层中保存完好的米兰科维奇旋回,天文轨道周期对Aryskum地堑沉积过程具有明显影响,并将31.9~39.5 m旋回厚度解释为受400 kyr长偏心率周期控制,11.9~14.2 m,6.7~8.8 m旋回厚度分别受125 kyr和95 kyr短偏心率周期控制。对长、短偏心率周期进行滤波分析后,与天文模型理论周期曲线进行对比,建立卡拉甘塞组的浮动天文年代标尺,分别以400 kyr、125 kyr偏心率周期滤波曲线作为中期和短期旋回划分的参考曲线,共识别出11.5个中期旋回和47个短期旋回,为高频旋回划分提供了一种不受人为因素影响的天然标准,保证了研究区旋回划分的科学性和统一性。     

Thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis coupled with chromatography as a thermal simulation experimental method and its application to gaseous hydrocarbons from different source rocks

In this paper a thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis method coupled with chromatography （TG-DTA-GC） has been adopted to simulate the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons from different hydrocarbon source rocks such as coals, mudstones, and carbonate rocks with different maturities. The temperature programming for thermal simulation experiment is 20℃/min from ambient temperature to 700℃. As viewed from the quantities and composition of generated gaseous hydrocarbons at different temperatures, it is shown that low-mature coal has experienced the strongest exothermic reaction and the highest loss of weight in which the first exothermic peak is relatively low. Low-mature coal samples have stronger capability of generating gaseous hydrocarbons than high-mature samples. The amounts and composition of gaseous hydrocarbons generated are closely related not only to the abundance of organic carbon in source rocks, but also to the type of kerogen in the source rocks, and their thermal maturity. In the present highly mature and over-mature rock samples organic carbon, probably, has already been exhausted, so the production of gaseous hydrocarbons in large amounts is impossible. The contents of heavy components in gaseous hydrocarbons from the source rocks containing type- Ⅰ and - Ⅱ kerogens are generally high ; those of light components such as methane and ethane in gaseous hydrocarbons from the source rocks with Ⅲ-type kerogens are high as well. In the course of thermal simulation of carbonate rock samples, large amounts of gaseous hydrocarbons were produced in a high temperature range.