LT&E-R型自动雨量站数据采集系统硬件的设计与实现

该文概述了湖北省布点的LT&E-R型自动雨量站数据采集系统硬件的结构、功能,主要介绍了采集器主板电路和电源电路的设计原理与电路实现方法,侧重分析了比较有特点的电路部分.     

海沟型地震、内陆型地震和板内地震

1日本周边的板块围绕日本列岛的板块状况如图1所示。在日本东北的东部近海,有厚度为70～100km的太平洋板块,以每年约8cm的速度向西北西方向运动。另外在日本西南的南方近海,有厚度为30～40km的菲律宾海板块,以每年约4cm的速度向西北方向运动。另一方面,陆地一侧的日本列岛,从来     

中国云南哀牢山含海蓝宝石伟晶岩的起源和成岩模拟实验研究

The Ailaoshan aquamarine-bearing pegmatites are associated with Proterozoic metamorphic rocks in the southern portion of the Ailaoshan fault-folded complex.The gem-bearing pegmatite mineralization zones of the region occur in areas generally consistent with the regional tectonic trend.The pegmatites are found in metamorphic rocks,migmatites and in the inner/outer contact zones of gneissoid granites. The Rb-Sr isochron drawn for the pegmatites is 26～31 Ma,(i.e.in Himalayan).The homogenization temperatures of melt and liquid inclusions in minerals vary from 185 to 920℃,which are comparable to the inclusions observed in banded migmatites and ptygmatic quartz veins in the surrounding metamorphic rocks. The mineralization fluids of the pegmatite were rich in HCO_3 and CO_2,and their compositional assemblages are comparable to metamorphic fluids.Results of H,O,C,Si etc.isotopic analyses and REE,and Be analyses indicates that the sources of mineralization components that formed the pegmatites are closely associated with metamorphic fluids and the enclosing metamorphic rocks. A pegmatite structure simulation experiment was conducted at high temperature and pressure(840℃and 1,500×105Pa.),with various metamorphic rock samples in a water-rich and volatile-rich environment.When the liquidus was reached,the temperature was gradually decreased at the rate of 5～10℃/day over a time period of three months.SEM energy-dispersive spectrum analyses were performed on the experimental products.A series of pegmatoid textures were observed including zonal texture,megacryst texture,drusy cavities,crystal druses,and vesicular texture along with more than ten types of minerals including plagioclase,microcline,quartz and biotite.Different metamorphic rock melts generated different mineral assemblages.Experiment results revealed that the partial melting of metamorphic rocks could form melts similar to pegmatite magmas. Based upon the geological characteristics,geochemistry,and pegmatite texture simulation experimental results,it is concluded that the mineralization components of Ailaoshan aquamarine-bearing pegmatites came from metamorphic rocks.The petrogenetic model for the origin of pegmatites is related to ultrametamorphism and metamorphic anatexis.     

曲线拟合在核探测器信号幅度提取中的应用

研究数字化核探测器输出脉冲信号的幅度提取问题。根据闪烁探测器的电路特性，推导了其脉冲信号理想曲线方程。综合利用三和值法、最小二乘法、试探法等方法，设计了该理想曲线拟合算法。由脉冲信号采样点数据，通过曲线拟合，计算出曲线的极大值，该值即为闪烁探测器输出脉冲信号的幅度。正反演数据结果对比表明，采用曲线拟合算法提取闪烁探测器输出脉冲信号幅度，其方案可行，计算结果更准确。相较于数字滤波和数字脉冲成形方法提取核探测器输出脉冲幅度，该算法更简单，对仪器的硬件处理速度要求更低。该方法开辟了核探测器脉冲幅度提取的新途径。     

拉萨地块西部狮泉河地区典中组火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

广泛分布于拉萨地块南部的林子宗群火山岩被认为是新特提斯洋北向俯冲消减到陆陆碰撞构造背景转化过程中的岩浆作用产物，记录了从新特提斯洋俯冲到印度-欧亚板块碰撞、后碰撞的丰富信息.对狮泉河地区的林子宗群典中组火山岩样品进行了详细的年代学、元素及同位素地球化学研究.结果显示典中组火山岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄集中在67.1±1.7 Ma至70.8±1.1 Ma，表明其形成于白垩纪晚期.火山岩岩性主要包括玄武安山岩、安山岩、流纹岩等，其中，中基性火山岩为一套低钾拉斑-钙碱性系列岩石，具有低TiO₂（平均值< 1%），高Al₂O₃（平均值>15%），均富集K、Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素（LILE），亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE），具有弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征.两件中基性岩样品（87Sr/86Sr）_i比值分别为0.707 437、0.707 672，ε_Nd（t）值分别为-5.06和-4.31.酸性火山岩为一套高钾钙碱性岩石，具有高的SiO₂（76.01%~76.77%）、高K₂O（4.93%~4.98%）、高K₂O/Na₂O（1.41%~1.45%）以及相对高的Mg#（平均值为45.38），富集K、Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素（LILE），亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE），具有明显的Eu和Sr负异常.以上特征暗示典中组中基性火山岩可能是新特提斯洋北向俯冲消减过程中板片流体引起上覆地幔楔部分熔融的产物，且在上升过程中受到地壳混染的影响，酸性岩则可能来源于上覆地壳的部分熔融，且受到少量幔源物质的影响.此外，年代学及地球化学特征均表明本研究样品不属于前人认为的则弄群火山岩，而应重新厘定为林子宗群典中组火山岩.      

地幔端元组分的微量元素地球化学研究综述

结合国内外研究现状,对利用同位素担地球化学所确定的地幔端元组分ＤＭＭ、ＨＩＭＵ、ＥＭ１和ＥＭ２在微量元素地球化学上的特征进行了综述,并对其成因进行了讨论。     

铋试金富集矿石中贵金属的研究

本文首次提出用铋试金富集矿石中贵金属。铋与贵金属在高温时能形成一系列合金,具备了富集贵金属的条件。铋也能在灰皿上进行灰吹。因此铋试金保持了铅试金简单、快速、富集完全、富集倍数大的优点。铋和它的化合物无毒,所以铋试金克服了铅试金有毒的缺点。氧化铋的生成热,比氧化铅的生成热小,因此铋试金法对镍、铜、锑等有害杂质的允许量要比铅试金法大,矿种的适应范围较铅试金更广一些。在研究铋试金富集贵金属的同时,还制定了四个分析方法。     

影像地图集中色彩与符号设计的研究与实践

遥感技术的发展为地图制作提供了丰富多样的信息源,使地图从形式到内容都发生了全新的变化.影像地图已成为一种新型的地图品种,但影像地图的设计还面临着一些新的技术难题.结合影像地图集的编制,对影像地图集设计中两个关键技术,色彩设计与符号设计进行了研究实践,为影像地图集的设计制作提供理论和技术方法借鉴.     

Evaluation of body weight of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by computer vision

Apostichopus japonicus(Holothuroidea,Echinodermata) is an ecological and economic species in East Asia.Conventional biometric monitoring method includes diving for samples and weighing above water,with highly variable in weight measurement due to variation in the quantity of water in the respiratory tree and intestinal content of this species.Recently,video survey method has been applied widely in biometric detection on underwater benthos.However,because of the high flexibility of A.japonicus body,video survey method of monitoring is less used in sea cucumber.In this study,we designed a model to evaluate the wet weight of A.japonicus,using machine vision technology combined with a support vector machine(SVM) that can be used infield surveys on the A.japonicus population.Continuous dorsal images of free-moving A.japonicus individuals in seawater were captured,which also allows for the development of images of the core body edge as well as thorn segmentation.Parameters that include body length,body breadth,perimeter and area,were extracted from the core body edge images and used in SVM regression,to predict the weight of A.japonicus and for comparison with a power model.Results indicate that the use of SVM for predicting the weight of 33 A.japonicus individuals is accurate(R~2=0.99) and compatible with the power model(R~2=0.96).The image-based analysis and size-weight regression models in this study may be useful in body weight evaluation of A.japonicus in lab and field study.